中国现代推销观念探索

文章较全面地论述了推销观念的形成和发展,探讨了我国现代推销观念的实质、特点和作用.期望我国推销事业在这一新观念的指引下,发生质的飞跃.     

民航东北空管局“我和空管共成长”获奖征文选登——两封自荐信

自荐信是一种新兴的产物，自从国家取消了大学生毕业分配制度后，它开始流行起来。几乎所有的大学生毕业时都会写封自荐信来推销自己，生在这个时代的我也不例外。     

美欧目视航图要素标绘比较及启示

<正>航图是以满足航空运行以及其他航空活动的需要为目的,表示各种航空要素以及必要的自然地理和人文要素的专用地图。目视航图(VFR aeronautical charts)是航图的一种,是飞行员在目视飞行准则下,以地面环境作为主要导航手段     

美国研制和推销赶路者武器系统

美国研制和推销赶路者武器系统美国陆军已与工业界联手研制和推销赶路者（Ｒｏａｄｒｕｎｎｅｒ）武器系统。这种武器系统可以发射多种导弹和火箭，其中包括小树、海尔法、尾刺导弹和九头蛇（Ｈｙｄｒａ）７０火箭等。在１９９３年９月进行的一次防空试验中，美国的陆军、...     

标准资料管理中开展QC活动的措施及效果

概述了质量体系认证中与标准化工作密切相关的标准资料管理这一要素开展QC活动的必要性,调查和分析了标准资料管理的现状,提出相应对策并制定QC活动计划,采取一系列有效措施以保证 QC活动计划的实现,并取得了预期的效果。     

航天器系统工程技术发展思路

系统工程技术水平是航天器系统研制和创新能力的重要体现。对我国航天器系统工程技术发展问题进行了思考。首先对比分析了国内外航天器系统工程技术发展差距,阐述了国内面临的空间任务形势及系统工程技术发展要求;然后,研究构建了以系统工程过程和活动为核心,并包含任务能力支撑要素、发展基础要素和发展保障要素的航天器系统工程技术体系框架;随后,提出了航天器系统工程技术发展目标,并从专业技术发展、经验继承、活动过程研究、工具方法完善、标准规范开发和发展机制健全等方面梳理了航天器系统工程技术建设内容;此外,还探讨了航天器系统工程技术发展的实施途径。     

德国宇航公司推销俄呼啸号火箭

德国宇航公司推销俄呼啸号火箭德国宇航公司已在同俄赫鲁尼切夫公司联合推销呼啸号火箭。这种火箭是由ＳＳ－１９洲际弹道导弹改装的。ＳＳ－１９是由礼炮设计局设计并由赫鲁尼切夫公司生产的。呼啸号重１０６吨，高２４．６米，发射场在普列谢茨克，低地轨道运载能力为２...     

航天企业基于流程面向岗位的标准推送实践

不同岗位涉及各级各类的规章制度和标准、规范,需要找到一种方法精准地将纸质文件识别并融入到具体的业务活动中。在航天企业“架构引领、流程主导、要素综合、 IT支撑”的管理体系构建过程中,探索将标准作为流程管理的关键要素之一,进行流程、岗位、标准的识别、梳理和关联,开展流程构建、管理要素识别与构建、管理要素与流程关联、流程和标准验证评审、流程与标准推送,最终实现基于流程面向岗位的标准推送,以精准有效地实施标准。     

武汉天河机场低能见度现象的气候特征分析

气候是一个地区的平均天气状况及其变化特征，它与人类的生产生活息息相关。人类的航空飞行活动是在大气层中进行的，大气层中的各种天气现象对航空飞行有着十分重要的影响，各种航空器在飞行时都会不同程度地受到一个地区气候条件的制约。因此，系统地分析各个机场的航空气候特点、研究各个航空气候要素的变化规律，对于保障民航飞行安全、提高机场经济效益来说具有十分重要的意义。     

服务型企业标准化内涵及其必要性探析

概述服务型企业标准化的内涵,阐明服务型企业标准化的要素,即服务的产品、价格、地点、渠道、信息以及过程等,并在此基础上分析服务型企业开展标准化活动的意义.     

Developments in space activities in Poland

Poland has a long-standing tradition in space activities. Polish institutions have participated as co-investigators in almost all European Space Agency (ESA) science projects, as well as on many other missions. However, the first Polish satellite (PW-SAT) was only launched in 2012. Poland was one of the first Eastern European countries to conclude a Cooperation Agreement with ESA in the peaceful use of outer space; it was signed in 1994 and followed by a second in January 2002. Negotiations on Polish membership in the ESA were started in autumn of 2011, and ended in April 2012. Following ratification of the agreement, Poland officially became the 20th Member State of ESA on 19 November 2012. This article examines how Poland is setting its way as a space nation. It describes recent developments in the Polish space programme, including the road to Poland's full membership in the European Space Agency.     

“战术战斧”2003年将装备美军

战斧，是一个耳熟能详的名字，９０年代以来的几场局部战争使其名声大振。自１９９１年以来，美国海军平均每年要消耗１００枚战斧导弹。从海湾战争到科索沃，近千枚战斧从一艘艘美国战舰和潜艇上发射，使得战斧成为美国强权政治的急先锋，也成为对别国实施远距离精确打击的中坚力量。 但近几场局部战争同时也提出了要发展一种造价便宜、全天候作战、精确打击以及可对加固目标进行打击的新型战斧的要求。在这种背景下，战术战斧（ＴａｃＴｏｍ）应运而生。北约空袭南联盟后，美国海军根据战斧巡航导弹的作战使用，开始重新评估未来战斧巡航…     

实施雷达管制的体会

2005年12月22日，我国在北京-西安-成都-昆明以东的广大空中交通管制区实施了雷达管制，这使得空中交通管制工作进入了新的时代，贵阳区域管制室也开始了划时代的雷达管制工作。实施之后，随着雷达管制工作的深入运行，一些在实施前未考虑到的问题相继暴露出来。在经过前期强化雷达管制模拟机培训后大部分管制员在实际运行过程中仍感到有不理解的问题，涉及到标准通话用语、雷达管制间隔、雷达管制和程序管制之间的间隔、雷达盲区、目视飞行与仪表飞行之间等。尤其是对间隔的掌握和通话术语的理解上存在着偏差，部分管制员在机组不作位置报时缺乏主动管制的意识，感觉到指令发的不流畅。为什么在作了大量的前期雷达管制理论准备工作和雷达管制模拟机培训后，在实际运行中还会有这样的问题，这是因为：一、雷达基本理论不是万能的。不可能解释所有问题、解决运行中的所有矛盾。     

我国空域管理相关问题初探

随着我国国民经济的迅速发展和改革开放的不断深入，航空领域呈现出前所未有的发展形势，民用航空运输以每年平均10％的速度增长，通用航空的需求与日俱增，军事飞行频繁，对空域资源需求越来越大，空域管理面临的新问题日益突出。本文就我国空域资源相关问题，即如何最大限度地发挥空域资源优势，为不同空域用户提供可靠的空中交通管制服务等问题进行探讨。     

航天科技集团高科技含量展品成为珠海航展亮点

拥有“神舟”、“神箭”等著名宇航品牌，曾经创造了无数辉煌业绩的航天科技集团公司．在第五届珠海航展上又给观众带来了惊喜：除了新一代运载火箭等许多在研产品模型闪亮登场外．神舟5号飞船返回舱精彩亮相，嫦娥1号卫星、环境1号C卫星等产品模型也一同展出。这些科技含量极高的产品虽然用途不同．但细心的观众不难从中看出“可持续发展”的影子，注重环境、保护生态、高效节能已成为航天科技发展的新主题。     

Individual Differences in Object Localization in Virtual Environments

The present research examined the effects of disorientation on human ability to locate objects in space in a virtual environment (VE). Participants were asked to memorize the location of virtual objects, and then they were asked to indicate where the objects were located while they were inside a virtual chamber. This procedure was repeated in both eyesclosed and disoriented conditions. Subject pointing responses were used to measure memory for the relative location of objects in virtual space. This method was extended from previous research in a real-world setting. The results showed systematic individual differences in the effects of disorientation on the ability to locate objects in space. Further, the use of strategies played a role in object localization ability, but strategy use was affected by the individual differences in spatial representations used by subjects.     

影响高校德育工作的几个消极因素

本文市场经济、社会消极现象、应试教育、高等教育及德育教育自身缺陷等方面对高校德育工作的消极影响加以分析，立足现实，提出问题，与高等教育工作者，德育工作者共同探讨，以求改进完善高校德育工作。作者坚信，真正找到了问题所在，也就找到了解决问题的切入点。     

2006年世界著名宇航公司竞争卫星发射市场

世界各大宇航公司在激烈的竞争中度过了2006年。新年伊始,让我们回过头来看看这些公司在2006年卫星发射市场上的竞争情况。     

Ariane transfer vehicle in service of man in orbit

The Ariane transfer vehicle (ATV), an Ariane 5 borne, unmanned propulsion vehicle, is designed to transport the logistics needed to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) and the man tended free flyer (MTFF) step 2 with pressurized and unpressurized cargo and to dispose the waste. The ATV is an expendable vehicle and is disposed of by a safe atmospheric burn up. In accordance with the AR5 schedule it should be operational in 1996 for missions toward ISS and beyond the year 2000 for MTFF 2 missions. The main constituents of the proposed ATV are the modified AR5 third stage L5, an upgraded VEB steering the launcher as well as the ATV and the P/L-adaptor providing mechanical and umbilical links to the payload. The mechanical part of the RVD-kit will be placed on the payload-module, the main RVD sensors are located on the adaptor and the needed computer intelligence will be integrated on the VEB. To minimize the development, and recurring costs, the ATV concept fully complies to the idea of maximum use of existing hardware and software, mainly from the AR5, Hermes and Columbus programs thus minimizing development and recurring costs. The ATV is compatible to ISS, MTFF and OMV and is able to transport logistic modules compatible with NSTS and U.S.-expendable launchers.     

Entrapment of bacteria in fluid inclusions in laboratory-grown halite

Cells of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which were genetically modified to produce green fluorescent protein, were entrapped in fluid inclusions in laboratory-grown halite. The bacteria were used to inoculate NaCl-saturated aqueous solutions, which were allowed to evaporate and precipitate halite. The number, size, and distribution of fluid inclusions were highly variable, but did not appear to be affected by the presence of the bacteria. Many of the inclusions in crystals from inoculated solutions contained cells in populations ranging from two to 20. Microbial attachment to crystal surfaces was neither evident nor necessary for entrapment. Cells occurred exclusively within fluid inclusions and were not present in the crystal matrix. In both the inclusions and the hypersaline solution, the cells fluoresced and twitched, which indicates that the bacteria might have remained viable after entrapment. The fluorescence continued up to 13 months after entrapment, which indicates that little degradation of the bacteria occurred over that time interval. The entrapment, fluorescence, and preservation of cells were independent of the volume of hypersaline solution used or whether the solutions were completely evaporated prior to crystal extraction. The results of this study have a wide range of implications for the long-term survival of microorganisms in fluid inclusions and their detection through petrography. The results also demonstrate the preservation potential for microbes in hypersaline fluid inclusions, which could allow cells to survive harsh conditions of space, the deep geologic past, or burial in sedimentary basins.