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9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V马氏体不锈钢微观组织研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对不同热处理状态下的微观组织结构进行了研究.采用物理化学相分析技术研究了9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V退火、淬火以及最终热处理制度下析出相的类型、含量及组成结构式.并用X射线小角散射(SAXS)(small angle x-ray scatter)分析了不同热处理制度下析出相在不同粒度间隔中的质量分布.结果表明:①9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V钢退火状态的组织为珠光体 碳化物(M23C6,MC和M6C),淬火状态组织为马氏体 碳化物(M23C6和MC),最终热处理状态的组织为回火马氏体 碳化物(M23 C6,MC和M3C);②小颗粒(≤300nm)碳化物析出相粒度分析表明,9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V钢退火、淬火状态析出相平均粒度相差不大,粗大颗粒较多,而最终热处理状态的析出相平均粒度明显减小,且细小颗粒比例较大. 相似文献
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采用金相分析、硬度测试等技术手段,研究热处理对马氏体不锈钢9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V组织和硬度的影响。结果表明:9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V经淬火、冰冷处理及多次回火后,残余奥氏体充分转变为回火马氏体,并产生较强的二次硬化效果,进而获得稳定的组织和高的硬度;在350℃以上回火时,由于组织中二次碳化物的析出,开始出现二次硬化倾向,至480~520℃时,回火硬度达到了最大值。 相似文献
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研究了不同固溶及回火温度对高Co-Ni超高强度钢23Co 14Ni12Cr3Mo的Charpy V型缺口试样冲击功AKV和硬度HRC的影响,并用扫描电镜观察分析不同处理状态下的冲击断口形貌,用透射电镜对未溶碳化物进行了分析.结果表明,在850~930 ℃范围内固溶,随温度的提高,冲击功升高,硬度先升高后降低;在454~510 ℃范围内回火,随温度的提高,冲击功也增加,硬度降低.断口形貌观察结果表明,试验用钢冲击断口形貌均呈韧窝状,为韧性穿晶断裂,随固溶温度升高韧窝变大变深.韧窝中发现M23C6型碳化物颗粒,随固溶温度的升高而逐渐减少,提高固溶温度对改善试验用材料综合性能有利. 相似文献
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《航空材料学报》2015,(5)
对渗碳硬化13Cr4Mo4Ni4VA钢进行渗氮处理后形成复合硬化层,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、透射电镜、高分辨电镜、电子探针及显微硬度测试等方法对复合硬化层进行表征。结果表明,复合硬化13Cr4Mo4Ni4VA钢渗层碳氮浓度呈梯度分布,从表面到心部组织性能也呈梯度变化,表现出异于传统硬化工艺的组织结构特性。复合硬化层为双层硬化结构,渗氮层组织优异,少无沿晶化合物,析出细小的片状的Mo2N、周期性层状分布的Mo2C以及Cr2(C,N)等合金碳(氮)化合物,在析出相沉淀硬化和碳氮原子固溶强化共同作用下,使复合硬化层表面硬度达到超硬化(70HRC),有效硬化层维持很大的层深,具有优异的硬度梯度及残余压应力场。 相似文献
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对18Cr2Ni4WA钢表面渗碳层内的残余应力在接触疲劳过程的变化进行了跟踪。钢经930℃ 4h渗碳,850℃二次淬火,170℃ 2h回火,磨削加工后,表面硬度HRC 55~57,直径60mm的滚子试样转速1470r/min,滑差-5%,30号机油润滑,油温35~45℃,最大接触应力2668MPa,不同循环周次后用x射线应力分析仪测定残余应力沿表面层的分布,用x射线衍射仪测定残余奥氏体。结果表明,渗碳硬化处理后,在表面层所形成的残余压力在整个接触疲劳过程中变化不大,残余奥氏体转变、马氏体分解也很少。高的组织稳定性是残余应力稳定的主要原因。 相似文献
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采用推力式接触方式研究了9Cr13Ni6Co5Be钢的接触疲劳性能,获得了不同破坏概率下接触应力与疲劳寿命的关系式,得到了P-S-N曲线。当破坏概率P=0.01,0.05,0.10和0.50时,不同接触应力下的疲劳寿命表达式分别为N=3.0930×1042×S-9.9602、N=2.9196×1039×S-9.0090、N=1.6505×1038×S-8.6133和N=1.0679×1035×S-7.5988,指定疲劳寿命为5×107的疲劳极限分别为S=3112 MPa,3358 MPa,3493 MPa和3950 MPa。 相似文献
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有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。 相似文献
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LUO Cheng LIU Hua YANG Jia-ling LIU Kai-xin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(3):230-235
Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks. 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面:电子化(e-Enabled)运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境(GCE)。 相似文献
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临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控(TT&;C)与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联(ITU)国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比(SNR)、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。 相似文献
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基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。 相似文献
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Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
NING Guo-dong ZHANG Shu-guang FANG Zhen-ping 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):1-8
A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method. 相似文献
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Wu Xianyu Li Xiaoshan Ding Meng Liu Weidong Wang Zhenguo 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):488-494
In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances. 相似文献
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(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。 相似文献