Software radios: Survey, critical evaluation and future directions

A software radio is defined as a set of digital signal processing (DSP) primitives, a metalevel system for combining the primitives into communication system functions (transmitter, channel model, receiver, etc.), and a set of target processors on which the software radio is hosted for real-time communications. The performance of enabling hardware technologies is related to software radio requirements, portending a decade of shift from hardware radios toward software intensive approaches. Computational models and architecture are discussed, stressing the need for topological consistency of radio functions and host architectures. A layered topology-oriented design approach encapsulated in a canonical open architecture software radio model is presented. The model provides a unified mathematical framework for quantitative analysis of algorithm structures, host architectures, and system performance for CAD     

基于组件技术的可重构数控系统研究和开发

提出了两级控制的可重构数控系统硬件结构。根据面向对象和基于组件技术的设计思想,构造了可重构数控系统的软件体系结构。该软件由核心支撑平台和功能组件组成。本文阐述了组件划分的方法和组件间的通信以及功能组件的设计方法。     

嵌入式网络接口模块设计及协议栈实现

根据嵌入式网络技术的最新研究,对嵌入式设备的网络化接口技术,做了详细的分析。并以C8051F020单片机和CP2200以太网控制器为例,给出了网络接口模块设计的具体方案,阐述了系统的软硬件实现方法,对CP2200的实现进行了详细介绍,同时针对嵌入式网络的实际应用场合,对TCP/IP协议栈进行了精简,并介绍了各个模块的具体实现。     

构建基于自主可控平台遥感影像处理应用系统关键技术

为了满足构建基于自主可控平台遥感影像处理系统的需求,对国产软硬件环境与主流商用系统差异进行了分析,在此基础上对软硬件兼容技术进行了研究.针对硬件环境、操作系统和开发平台差异提出源代码一致的跨平台程序设计方法,屏蔽底层平台差异,可不更改源代码在不同平台上直接编译运行,大大提高了跨平台程序设计开发效率.在此基础上构建的基于自主可控平台的遥感影像处理系统,可在Windows和麒麟平台上无差异运行,提高了基于国产平台开发军事应用系统的能力.     

基于MBD的商用航空发动机控制软件架构设计

发动机全权限数控技术（FADEC）在商用航空发动机中广泛应用,软件是核心。基于模型设计（MBD）是FADEC软件开发的趋势,但考虑发动机电子控制器（EEC）硬件资源、扩展性等因素,对软件结构设计、MBD与非MBD接口定义等架构问题带来新挑战。在大客发动机验证机电子控制器先期试验平台上,对基于MBD的发动机控制软件设计问题进行了研究,开展了基于MBD的软件架构设计、集成工作,验证结果表明,软件架构设计方案合理可行。     

基于模型的设计综合方法在综合数据管理系统中的应用

本文介绍了Harmony的基于模型的设计综合方法,并采用该方法对综合数据管理系统进行设计综合.其设计综合流程包括:架构分析、架构设计和详细架构设计.对每个阶段的活动及其产物进行了描述,并给出了每个阶段在实际系统中的应用结果,最后说明了设计综合阶段完成后应给后续软硬件开发人员的交付物.应用结果表明,该设计综合方法能较好地衔接系统功能分析和软硬件开发阶段,并能基于模型对系统架构进行设计综合及验证,增强了系统设计综合结果的可靠性.     

An attack-immune trusted architecture for supervisory aircraft hardware

With the wide application of electronic hardware in aircraft such as air-to-ground communication, satellite communication, positioning system and so on, aircraft hardware is facing great secure pressure. Focusing on the secure problem of aircraft hardware, this paper proposes a supervisory control architecture based on secure System-on-a-Chip (SoC) system. The proposed architecture is attack-immune and trustworthy, which can support trusted escrow application and Dynamic Integrity Measurement (DIM) without interference. This architecture is characterized by a Trusted Monitoring System (TMS) hardware isolated from the Main Processor System (MPS), a secure access channel from TMS to the running memory of the MPS, and the channel is unidirectional. Based on this architecture, the DIM program running on TMS is used to measure and call the Lightweight Measurement Agent (LMA) program running on MPS. By this method, the Operating System (OS) kernel, key software and data of the MPS can be dynamically measured without disturbance, which makes it difficult for adversaries to attack through software. Besides, this architecture has been fully verified on FPGA prototype system. Compared with the existing systems, our architecture achieves higher security and is more efficient on DIM, which can fully supervise the running of application and aircraft hardware OS.     

测控中心计算机系统的自主可控技术研究

测控中心计算机系统是测控中心的核心枢纽,通过自主可控技术加强其安全性,摆脱对国外软硬件的依赖,是当务之急。在分析测控中心计算机系统特点的基础上,对测控中心计算机系统自主可控技术的研究与实践进行了总结,列举了实践中遇到的基础部件国产化程度不高、开源软件问题多、自主可控产品商品化程度不高等问题。针对自主可控技术不甚成熟的情况,提出了国产软硬件产品的技术摸底、详尽测试、加强基础软件的版本管理和控制等发展建议,以推动自主可控技术在测控中心领域的应用和发展。     

Development of a PC-based Open Architecture Software-CNC System

As a key technology in the field of advanced manufacturing, an open architecture controller is studied. In order to develop an open architecture software-CNC system on personal computer (PC) according to open modular architecture controllers (OMAC). First, the software and hardware platform is chosen and software realization methodology for the CNC system is determined. Second, static mod- eling methods of an open architecture controller inclusive of object-oriented (OO) programming technology, dynamic link library (DLL) technology and system modules partition are investigated. Third, the dynamical behavioral modeling and the data flow representation of open architecture controller are discussed, which are both described in hierarchy finite state machine (FSM) model. Fourth, a reusable software module model is established to develop software function module library. Finally, a 3-axis milling machine tool test-bed, named for HIT-CNC, is successfully designed by means of the constructed software function module library and the system configuring method. The experimental results show that, besides increasing the degree of reusability and openness, application of above-mentioned method- ology leads to significant decrease of development time as well as maintenance cost.     

Flight-critical distributed systems: design considerations [avionics]

With the proliferation of so-called "smart" components and the availability of small, low-cost, and high-speed data networks, avionics that have traditionally been centralized are becoming distributed. A distributed approach offers many potential benefits, such as reduced development time and cost, simplified system installation, increased flexibility for system expansion or modifications, and greater reuse of proven components. The distributed approach can also reduce the risk associated with design errors by splitting complex hardware and software into more manageable components. However, distributed systems also introduce new challenges in meeting real-time deadlines and providing fault tolerance. This paper examines the many design considerations and identifies the strengths and weaknesses of each. Emerging automotive drive-by-wire alternatives are compared for application to aerospace systems. This paper is based on a Draper Laboratory-sponsored effort to look at flight-critical distributed systems and to evaluate emerging hardware and software for building them.     

Performability analysis of avionics system with multilayer HM/FM using stochastic Petri nets

The integrated modular avionics (IMA) architecture is an open standard in avionics industry, in which the number of functionalities implemented by software is greater than ever before. In the IMA architecture, the reliability of the avionics system is highly affected by the software applications. In order to enhance the fault tolerance feature with regard to software application failures, many industrial standards propose a layered health monitoring/fault management (HM/FM) scheme to periodically check the health status of software application processes and recover the malfunctioning software process whenever an error is located. In this paper, we make an analytical study of the HM/FM system for avionics application software. We use the stochastic Petri nets (SPN) to build a formal model of each component and present a method to combine the components together to form a complete system model with respect to three interlayer query strategies. We further investigate the effectiveness of these strategies in an illustrative system.     

Sustainment of legacy automatic test systems: lessons learned on TPS transportability

Sustainment of legacy automatic test systems (ATS) saves cost through the re-use of software and hardware. The ATS consists of the automatic test equipment (ATE), the test program sets (TPSs), and associated software. The associated software includes the architecture the TPSs run on, known as the control software or test station test executive. In some cases, to sustain the legacy ATS, it is more practical to develop a replacement ATE with the latest instrumentation, often in the form of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software. The existing TPSs, including their hardware and test programs, then need to be transported, or translated, to the new test station. In order to understand how to sustain a legacy ATS by translating TPSs, one must realize the full architecture of the legacy ATS to be replaced. It must be understood that TPS transportability does not only include translating the original TPS from an existing language (such as ATLAS) to a new language (such as "C") to run on a new test station, but includes transporting the run-time environment created by the legacy ATS. This paper examines the similarities and differences of legacy ATE and modern COTS ATE architectures, how the ATS testing philosophy impacts the ease of TPS transportability from legacy ATE to modern-day platforms, and what SEI has done to address the issues that arise out of TPS transportability.     

基于主动超节点的DHT分层P2P模型研究

随着计算机硬件和计算机网络迅速发展,P2P网络模型的优势日渐被人们所重视。基于P2P网络模型的应用也层出不穷,在P2P网络中如何高效地定位节点资源是衡量P2P应用软件价值的重要参考点,也是目前研究的热点。在现有超节点机制和DHT网络的基础上,采用主动网络技术和分层DHT模型,在原理分析和模型设计的前提下,提出了一种主动超节点的DHT分层机制的P2P模型,并通过试验此模型对该机制进行了分析。     

基于S3C2440的网络隔离器设计与实现

介绍了一种网络隔离器的设计与实现方法。以三星公司的ARM9芯片S3C2440为载体,以SPI（串行外设接口）数据传输为手段,结合自定义数据传输协议,实现了无操作系统的网络数据隔离器。对系统的总体结构、软硬件实现方法进行了详细说明,重点介绍隔离系统的工作原理及内部工作流程,并对数据传输协议的安全性进行了研究。基于本文设计思想研制的网络隔离器,能有效过滤内部网络与外部网络之间传输的非认证数据,确保了内部网络的安全性。     

云服务技术在航电软件研发中的应用研究

航空电子系统硬件的发展，为云服务技术在航空领域的应用提供了可能。借助虚拟化及容器管理技术， 将机载计算资源进行池化管理，并借助服务化技术，将复杂航电软件拆分为可协作的独立模块，能够实现航电 软件的快速构建、灵活部署，并提高航电软件之间的互操作能力。本文讨论了云服务技术在航空领域的应用现 状，研究并提出了一种应用于航电软件研发的云服务架构，给出了服务化和容器管理平台的实现方案，并构建 了应用原型验证环境。     

Software architecture requirements for DoD automatic test systems

The DoD has achieved success with recent automatic test equipment (ATE) families, as evidenced by the navy's consolidated automated support system (CASS) and the army's integrated family of test equipment (IFTE) programs. However, as these systems age, the increased requirements for technology insertion due to instrument obsolescence and the demands of advanced electronics are becoming evident. Recent advances in test technology promise to yield reduced total ownership costs (TOC) for ATE which can incorporate the new technology. The DoD automatic test system (ATS) executive agent office (EAO) objective is to significantly reduce total ownership cost. Several objectives have been identified including use of synthetic instruments, support for legacy test product sets (TPSs), and more efficient ways of developing TPSs. The NxTest software architecture will meet the objectives by providing an open systems approach to the system software. This will allow for the incorporation of commercial applications in the TPS development and execution environments and support current advances in test technology     

基于虚拟无线电技术的航天测控系统设计

为了适应未来航天测控系统的发展趋势,提出了VRTCS（虚拟无线电测控系统）硬件平台和软件系统的基本结构。以通用高性能计算机作为系统的硬件平台,采用分层结构模型设计系统体系结构,使得航天测控系统具备更好的通用性和灵活性。阐述了VRTCS的基本概念和总体结构,对系统各组成部分的功能、组成和用途进行了分析;对测控系统中构件进行分层设计,开发原型软件实现测控系统的核心应用;以统一载波测控系统为模型,通过测控信号接入试验,验证了VRTCS的可行性。     

Space systems general-purpose processor

The requirements for this processor were established using the experience of the hardware and software designers in the APL Space Department. The use of commercial hardware and software products, combined with an error- and fault-tolerant architecture, resulted in a low-cost design without adversely affecting overall reliability. The processor's architecture and mechanical design, and hardware and software test and validation methods are described.