周期换向脉冲法快速电沉积 Al2 O3／Ni 复合镀层

以 Al2 O3微粒为分散相,进行了周期换向脉冲复合电沉积工艺研究,快速电沉积出了 Al2 O3／Ni 复合镀层。利用扫描电镜及能谱分析技术对 Al2 O3／Ni 复合镀层的微观形貌及组成进行了表征,考察了脉冲参数对复合镀层中Al2 O3含量及镀层微观形貌的影响;并就周期换向脉冲电沉积与直流电沉积复合镀层的微观形貌、镀层应力及沉积速率进行比较。结果表明：采用周期换向脉冲法快速电沉积可以得到组织致密、内应力小、沉积速率高的 Al2 O3／Ni复合镀层。     

Cf/Al复合材料化学镀Ni-P的研究

采用化学镀Ni-P合金的方法在Cf/Al复合材料表面镀覆一层防腐蚀镀层,用SEM、EDS、XRD,镀层结合力测试考察了镀层质量,用3.5%（质量分数）NaCl溶液浸泡测试腐蚀速率。结果表明,二次浸锌的化学镀前处理工艺,可在Cf/Al复合材料表面镀上均匀的Ni-P合金镀层;镀层结合力测试表明镀层与基体结合良好;镀层成分主要是镍元素,含有少量磷,磷元素主要以Ni3P方式存在;3.5%NaCl溶液浸泡腐蚀实验表明,没镀镍的Cf/Al复合材料的腐蚀严重损伤了基体,而镀镍的Cf/Al复合材料腐蚀发生在镀层表面,不会造成基体损伤。在Cf/Al复合复合材料表面镀覆一层防腐蚀的Ni-P镀层可以在原电池反应中阻挡金属铝的离子导电路径,铝电离的可能性大大减小,明显延缓碳和铝之间的电化学反应发生,提高了Cf/Al复合材料的防腐蚀能力,延长了C/Al复合材料的使用寿命。     

熔体温度、冷却速率对Al-Fe-V-Si耐热铝合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用OM,XRD检测了不同熔体温度和冷却速度条件下Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si (wt%)合金的微观组织结构, 并检测了不同熔体温度下采用粉末冶金工艺制备的该合金室温力学性能.结果表明:熔体温度、冷却速率对该合金组织和性能有着明显的影响.在相同冷却条件下,熔体温度越高所得到合金的组织越细小,获得该合金最高力学性能则存在一个最佳的熔体温度;冷却速度对该合金的主要相组成起决定作用,并结合Al-Fe-V-Si合金的特性提出了该合金的熔炼工艺.     

高体积分数SiCp/Al的化学镀镍

在进行无钯活化预处理后,对高体积分数SiCp/Al进行化学镀镍,研究了温度和pH值对镀层和沉积速度的影响。采用SEM观察镀层形貌,通过EDX测定镀层的镍磷含量,并用XRD分析了镀层的显微结构。结果表明:在特殊预处理后,采用化学镀镍,可在高体积分数SiCp/Al表面沉积上致密、均匀、结合牢固的镍镀层,镀层为微晶结构,属于中磷镀层。     

热轧对Ti50Ni50-xAlx(x=1,2,4)形状记忆合金微观组织、相变和力学性能的影响

形状记忆合金的相变和力学性能受机械加工过程影响明显.在850℃下将Ti50Ni50-xAIx(x=1,2,4)形状记忆合金轧制成为板材.采用扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射对合金的微观结构研究表明:合金由NiTi相和Ti2Ni相组成,Al元素在Ti2Ni相中的固溶度比在TiNi相中高.差示扫描量热分析和电阻-温度测试表明...     

Ni3Al基单晶高温合金蠕变本构模型

结合Ni3Al基单晶高温合金蠕变行为的细观机理,在晶体滑移理论的基础上,建立了描述Ni3Al基单晶高温合金蠕变行为的本构模型,并通过ANSYS提供的UPFs二次开发平台对所建立的本构模型进行了有限元实现。利用蠕变试验数据,结合遗传算法获取了两种Ni3Al基材料的蠕变本构模型参数。利用所建立的蠕变本构模型对两种Ni3Al基材料的高温拉伸试件进行了有限元模拟,与试验结果吻合良好。这表明在晶体滑移理论基础上建立的本构模型是合理的,并且能够较好地描述Ni3Al基单晶高温合金三个阶段的蠕变行为,具有一定的应用价值。      

一种高W、Mo含量Ni3Al基合金的高温氧化行为

研究了一种高W、Mo的Ni3Al基合金的1050℃静态抗氧化行为,并采用扫描电镜对不同时间氧化后合金的氧化层形貌进行分析,利用X射线衍射仪分析氧化产物的种类和数量,氧化动力学研究表明,合金的氧化动力学曲线不遵循抛物线规律,以W代Mo,能一定程度上改善高Mo的Ni3Al基合金的1050℃抗氧化性能.1050℃/100h静态氧化产物主要为NiO,NiAl2O4和NiWO4,外层氧化镍与内氧化层之间为结合薄弱区,仅氧化1h后,在冷却过程中,该区域就产生大面积开裂,致使外氧化层脱离.随氧化时间增长,合金/氧化层界面的NiAl2O4/Al2O3阻挡层逐步形成,在氧化100h时基本连续,有效降低了合金的氧化速率.     

55%Al-Zn合金镀层耐蚀性的研究

55％Al-Zn镀层腐蚀机理的解释主要集中在两方面。一是从镀层的组织分析上加以说明,另一就是从腐蚀产物的组成、形态上加以阐述。但是都有各自的不足之处。Townsend等人从55％Al-Zn镀层的结构解释了耐蚀机理,即β-富Zn相优先溶解,剩下α-富Al相。按这种观点推理,应该合金中Al含量越高耐蚀性能越好。事实上筛选工作证明,含Al在20％～35％之间合金耐蚀性能明显下降,其次5％Al-Zn镀层为什么具有较低的腐蚀速度。     

Ni基超合金强化相的电子结构和层错能的计算

为了控制和调整合金中位错分解方式，最终达到控制蠕变机制和提高合金持久寿命的目的。应用实空间Recursion方法，计算了Ni3Al强化相中[111]层错的电子结构及加入微合金化元素Co的效应。建立了Ni3Al中沿[111]方向生长的晶体模型和产生层错后的晶体模型，给出了体元的电子态密度，费米能级和层错能。通过计算得到了以下结论：(1)在Ni3Al晶胞中Al对于总态密度的贡献在整个能量范围内较小，总态密度主要来自过渡金属Ni。(2)用Co原子代替Ni3Al中Al原子可以降低Ni3Al层错能。     

银-锑合金电镀工艺研究

研究了镀液组分及电镀工艺条件对银锑合金镀层锑含量和沉积速度的影响,研究结果表明,镀层锑含量随电流密度、氰化钾含量、酒石酸锑钾含量的增大而明显提高,随氢氧化钾含量的增加而明显降低,温度、酒石酸钾钠对镀层锑含量影响不大;镀层沉积速度由电流密度决定,镀液组分对其影响不大.根据上述研究结果及霍尔槽试验结果确定了镀液配方及电镀工艺参数,并对按此工艺镀出的镀层进行了全面性能检测.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.