芴基取代耐高温聚酰亚胺的合成与性能

合成了同时含有芴基以及醚键的二胺单体,9,9-双(4-胺基苯氧基苯基)芴(BAOFL),并对其进行熔点、红外以及核磁表征。结果表明,该单体具有很高的纯度。分别采用3,3,′4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(sBPDA)以及2,3,3,′4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(aBPDA)与BAOFL聚合,通过热亚胺化法以及化学亚胺化法分别制备聚酰亚胺(PI)。研究芴取代基对PI耐热性能、溶解性能以及光学性能的影响。结果表明,引入芴取代基可以显著提高PI树脂在有机溶剂中的溶解性能以及在可见光区良好的透明性。同时,PI具有良好的耐热稳定性,玻璃化转变温度超过280℃,氮气中起始热分解温度超过500℃。     

高透明性不对称聚酰亚胺的合成与性能研究

采用1,4-双(3'-氨基-5'-三氟甲基苯氧基)联苯(m-TFDAB)为二胺单体,分别与两种联苯型二酐单体,3,3',4,4'-联苯四甲酸二酐(s-8BPDA)以及2,3,3',4'-联苯四甲酸二酐(a-BPDA)通过一步高温溶液缩聚法制备了两种聚酰亚胺材料PI-1(s-BPDA/m-TFDAB)与PI-2(a-BPDA/m-TFDAB).研究结果表明,不对称化结构没有对聚酰亚胺材料的耐热性能、力学性能以及电性能产生显著影响.但可以显著增大聚酰亚胺在有机溶剂中的溶解性以及在可见光范围内的透明性.PI-2不仅可以溶解于极性非质子性溶剂中,而且在许多常规溶剂中也具有优良的溶解性能.PI-2薄膜在可见光波长范围内具有优良的透明性,450nm处的透光率达到86%.此外,该材料在氮气中的起始热分解温度超过580℃,而700℃时的残余重量百分数达到67%.     

耐高温柔性PI 气凝胶的合成与性能

以3,3’,4,4’ -联苯四酸二酐(BPDA)和含咪唑环的芳香族二胺,2-(4-氨基苯基) -5-氨基苯并
咪唑(4-APBI)或2-(3-氨基苯基) -5-氨基苯并咪唑(3-APBI) 为聚合单体,以八( 氨基苯基) 聚倍半硅氧烷
(OAPS)为交联剂,采用超临界CO2 干燥工艺制备了两种PI 气凝胶,PIA-1(BPDA/4-APBI/ OAPS) 与PIA-2
(BPDA/3-APBI/ OAPS)。研究表明,制备的PI 气凝胶具有纳米串珠状的微观结构,其泡孔最可几孔径分别为
22 nm(PIA-1)与14 nm(PIA-2)。PIA-1 与PIA-2 的密度分别为0. 105 和0. 080 g/ cm3,BET 表面积分别为
693 和302 m2 / g。此外,制备的PI 气凝胶具有良好的柔韧性与耐热稳定性,Tg 超过了350℃,T5
d 超过了530℃。     

苯乙炔苯酐封端聚酰亚胺低聚物的合成与性能

将4-苯乙炔苯酐(4-PEPA)和3,3',4,4'-二苯醚四酸二酐(ODPA),与3,4'-二氨基二苯醚(3,4'-ODA)和1,4-双(4'-氨基-2'-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯(BTPB)或1,3-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯(1,3,4-APB)混合物通过高温缩合聚合反应合成了两种苯乙炔苯酐封端的聚酰亚胺低聚物PI-1和PI-2,对其熔体黏度、热行为及固化物的热性能等进行了研究.实验表明,PI-1和PI-2低聚物在280℃时具有低的熔体黏度(＜1 Pa·s)和良好的熔体黏度稳定性;经371℃固化后形成的纯树脂固化物具有优异的耐热性能,5%热失重温度超过520℃,Tg超过330℃,有望成为适用于RTM工艺的复合材料基体树脂.     

苯乙炔基封端聚苯基喹恶啉的合成与性能研究

以4-苯乙炔基苯偶酰(PEBZ)作为封端剂,以芳香族四酮,9,9-双(4-苯偶酰氧基苯基)芴和芳香族四胺,3,3’,4,4 '-四氨基联苯(BPTA)作为单体,设计并合成了一系列苯乙炔基封端聚苯基喹恶啉(PEPPQ)树脂(PPQ-1～PPQ-4).设计分子量分别为2 500( PPQ-1)、5 000(PPQ-2)、10 000(PPQ -3)以及20 000(PPQ-4).流变分析表明,PPQ-1与PPQ -2具有良好的加工性能,350℃左右的最低黏度分别为21和568 Pa·s.通过热模压工艺制备了PPQ-1和PPQ -2固化样件,Tg分别为338和325℃.固化物具有优良的耐热稳定性,氮气中以10℃/min升温,5％失重温度均在550℃以上,750℃时的残重在60％以上.PPQ -2固化物表现出了良好的力学性能,拉伸与弯曲强度分别为88和155 MPa,断裂伸长率达到7.6％.     

高韧性环氧基体树脂的制备与性能

以N,N,N’,N’-四缩水甘油基-1,3-间苯二甲胺(TGMXDA)和双酚F环氧(DGEBF)作为基体,以4,4'-双[(4-氨基-2-三氟甲基)苯氧基]联苯(6FBAB)和3,3’-二氨基二苯砜(3,3’-DDS)作为固化剂制备了新型环氧基体树脂.研究了环氧基体与固化剂的结构和配比对环氧固化物耐热与力学性能的影响规律.结果表明,TGMXDA- DGEBF/6FBAB-DDS树脂体系固化物具有良好的力学性能,拉伸强度达到101 MPa,冲击强度＞20 kJ/m2,断裂伸长率＞6％.同时,该树脂体系还具有良好的耐热稳定性,氮气中的5％失重温度＞330℃.     

基于aODPA的PI薄膜的合成与性能

采用含醚键的不对称二酐单体,2,3,3',4'-二苯醚四酸二酐(aODPA)与三种芳香族二胺单体分别聚合制备了一系列PI薄膜.研究了aODPA-PI的结构与耐热稳定性、溶解性、力学以及光学性能的关系.结果表明,aODPA的不对称结构赋予了PI良好的溶解性能与光学透明性,在450 nm波长下的透光率超过85%.同时,PI薄膜还保持了优良的耐热稳定性及良好的力学性能,其氮气中的T5d超过510℃,拉伸强度超过了80 MPa.     

适用于RTM成型聚酰亚胺树脂的合成与性能研究

使用4-苯乙炔苯酐(4-PEPA),2,3,3′4′-联苯四酸二酐(a-BPDA),1,4-双(4′-氨基-2′-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯(BTPB)和1,4-对苯二胺(p-PDA)合成了两种苯乙炔苯酐封端的聚酰亚胺低聚物PI-1和PI-2,并对低聚物的熔体粘度稳定性和热性能等进行系统研究.实验结果表明:采用热亚胺化方法制备的低聚物具有很高的产率(＞99%);PI-1低聚物在280℃时表现出低的熔体粘度(＜1Pa.s)和良好的熔体粘度稳定性,可用于RTM成型工艺制备树脂基复合材料;PI-1和PI-2低聚物经371℃固化后显示了优异的热性能,玻璃化转变温度超过400℃(DMA法,tanδ值),5%热失重温度超过520℃.     

亚胺化途径对含氟聚酰亚胺薄膜性能的影响

传统的热亚胺化方式会对含氟聚酰亚胺的应用范围造成限制,但低温亚胺化会对其性能造成一定影响。以含氟单体4, 4'-(六氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐(6FDA)和4, 4'-二氨基-2, 2'-双三氟甲基联苯(TFMB)合成聚酰胺酸(PAA),然后分别通过80℃/1 h,110℃/2 h,150℃/2 h,200℃/1 h,250℃/30 min,300℃/30 min梯度升温热亚胺化和加入乙酸酐/吡啶混合液的方式使其亚胺化,制备两种聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜,对薄膜各项性能进行表征。结果表明:由化学亚胺化制备的薄膜拥有更好的透明性、溶解性和力学性能;而热亚胺化制成的薄膜拥有较小的相对介电常数、较高的热分解温度和更高的亚胺化率。     

ODA/TPER共聚型聚酰亚胺的合成及其性能研究

使用二元酐均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)与不同摩尔比例的两种二元胺4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)和1,3-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯(TPER)共聚制备了一系列聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜,并通过乌氏粘度计、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、环境扫描电镜(SEM)、热失重分析(TGA)对其性能进行了分析表征.结果表明,TPER的引入使PI薄...     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.