纤维吸水对F-12环氧复合材料性能影响

采用ＮＯＬ环拉伸与剪切实验,研究了纤维吸水对Ｆ－１２／胺环氧体系性能影响,结果表明,纤维吸水后,ＮＯＬ环拉伸强度和模量分别下降了７．２％和２．５％,而剪切强度提高了３６．４％,ＳＥＭ照片显示,干态纤维复合材料和湿态纤维材料破坏模式有一定的差别。     

PBO纤维缠绕复合材料的初步应用研究

分别进行了PBO纤维缠绕成型的单向复合材料力学性能试验和150mm压力容器试验,与Kevlar-49和F-12纤维的单向复合材料力学性能及150mm压力容器性能进行了对比,初步的应用研究结果表明,缠绕成型的PBO/环氧150mm压力容器的容器特性系数PV/W和纤维强度转化率都达到最高,其值分别达到了60km和90%,但其容器的环向变形较F-12纤维复合材料容器的大。     

PBO纤维复合材料的拉伸性能研究

对PBO纤维的干纱、复丝以及单向复合材料的拉伸性能进行实验测试，探讨了测试标准对PBO复丝性能的影响，采用SEM观察了PBO纤维表面形貌和复合材料拉伸破坏断口特征，并与F-12纤维相应的拉伸性能进行了对比。结果表明：PBO纤维单向复合材料比F-12纤维具有更为杰出的拉伸性能，拉伸强度比F-12高约28．3％～55．4％、拉伸模量高约80％。PBO纤维复丝性能因测试标准不同其拉伸强度和拉伸模量相差较大。SEM观察到PBO纤维表面极光滑，与树脂界面粘结差，其复合材料拉伸破坏断口呈“皮芯”抽离和纤维撕裂破环特征。     

碳纤维韧化涂层处理对复合材料性能的影响

选择高韧性环氧树脂作为碳纤维表面涂层处理剂，研究了碳纤维表面聚合物涂层韧化处理对其复合材料性能的影响，探讨了界面韧化的作用机理。结果表明：高韧性环氧涂层能提高单向复合材料的层剪、拉伸及冲击等性能，且处理工艺简单；涂层处理后Φ150mm复合材料压力容器强度转化率由81％提高到86．4％。     

Cf / E-TiO2 复合材料的制备与性能

采用复合分散工艺将纳米TiO_2均匀分散于环氧树脂中,制备了环氧-纳米TiO_2树脂浇铸体,并采用湿法缠绕工艺制备了T700碳纤维增强环氧复合材料(C_f/E)以及T700碳纤维增强环氧-纳米TiO_2(C_f/ETiO_2)复合材料NOL环与Φ150 mm容器,研究了纳米TiO_2对环氧树脂浇铸体、复合材料NOL环和Φ150 mm容器性能的影响。结果表明,纳米TiO_2的加入对环氧基体和C_f/E复合材料均有不同程度的增强、增韧效果,其中环氧基体的拉伸强度提高了9.2%,弯曲强度提高了9.8%,冲击强度提高了52.9%;C_f/E-TiO_2复合材料NOL环层剪强度达到87.7 MPa,提高了22.3%;Φ150 mm容器特性系数达到43.4 km,纤维强度发挥率达到94.3%,分别提高了9.9%和3.3%。     

碳纤维复合材料锥形壳体成型技术初探

通过浇注体、复丝和容器性能测试,较系统地研究了高性能低粘度的树脂基体配方,探讨了锥形壳体的成型工艺条件,初步研究了容器纤维含量的精确控制方法,摸索了湿法成型壳体表面的处理技术。用国产碳纤维缠绕的锥形容器ＰＶ／Ｗ值达３０．６ｋｍ,环向纤维强度转化率达７８．２％,实验结果表明,该工艺路线是可行的。     

冲击损伤和开孔对CYCOM 7701/7781玻纤环氧复合材料层压板典型力学性能的影响

采用CYCOM 7701/7781玻纤环氧织物预浸料和中温固化工艺制造复合材料单向层压板试件。将试件分为三组,分别在低温干态(cold temperature dry,CTD)、室温干态(room temperature dry,RTD)和高温湿态(elevated temperature wet,ETW)三种温度和试件吸湿情况下,测试复合材料单向层压板的无缺口拉伸强度、开孔拉伸强度、无缺口压缩强度、开孔压缩强度和冲击后压缩强度,研究冲击损伤和开孔对CYCOM 7701/7781复合材料单向层压板典型力学性能的影响。结果表明:在CTD、RTD和ETW三种环境下,开孔对CYCOM 7701/7781玻纤环氧复合材料层压板平均拉伸强度均有十分不利的影响,拉伸强度下降约50%;开孔明显地降低了复合材料层压板的拉伸强度的变异系数;在CTD和RTD情况下,冲击损伤和开孔对CYCOM 7701/7781玻纤环氧复合材料层压板平均压缩强度均有十分不利的影响,两种情况的影响比较接近,均下降45%~55%;在ETW环境下开孔使压缩强度下降约为50%,冲击损伤使压缩强度下降30%左右,表明开孔对压缩强度的影响比冲击损伤更为显著。     

4306环氧／玻纤复合材料容器性能研究

４３０６环氧／玻纤复合材料容器性能研究徐璋，刘炳禹，杨建奎（陕西非金属材料工艺研究所西安７１００２５）发动机壳体本质上属一种内压容器，对其性能的评价人们提出了材料比强度，容器特性系数（ＰＶ／Ｗ）等指标，而对于纤维缠绕复合材料壳体还辅以环向纤维强度发挥...     

F-12纤维／REl4复合材料压力容器成型工艺研究

研究讨论了缠绕过程中几种主要工艺参数对F-12纤维／REl4配方φ150mm压力容器复合材料性能的影响。结果表明：采用“交替”铺层方式缠绕成型，含胶量控制在30％～40％(质量分数)，缠绕张力控制在150N～200N，采用GPC谱图控制固化时机，得到的复合材料综合性能较好；用优化出的工艺参数进行了φ480mm压力容器试验，结果表明其容器特性系数PV／W值为37．02km，纤维强度转化率高达73．26％。     

M40-T300／BADCy混杂复合材料的研究

利用单向铺层模压工艺制备了M40-T300/BADCy单向层内和层间混杂复合材料,研究了混杂方式、混杂比及铺层顺序对混杂复合材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能及层间剪切性能的影响规律.结果发现,层内混杂复合材料的性能介于两种单一复合材料之间,T300纤维含量越高,强度越大,M40纤维含量越高,则模量越大.以T300纤维为芯层,M40纤维为外层的层间混杂复合材料([(M40)1/(T300)3]s)具有与M40/BADCy复合材料相近的弯曲模量及与T300/BADCy复合材料相近的层间剪切强度,适合作为航天飞行器结构材料使用.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。