多电极偶接对金属大气腐蚀影响的试验与仿真

搭建薄液膜厚度测量与控制装置,采用微距参比电极后置法组建三电极体系,测量了厚度为100 μm的3.5wt% NaCl液膜下2A12铝合金、TC18钛合金和30CrMnSiNi2A高强钢的极化曲线和耦合体系的电偶电流;建立了基于薄壳电流分布的Comsol腐蚀仿真模型,得到了100 μm液膜下电极电位分布和电流密度分布图,通过对电极表面进行局部电流面积分计算得到了其电偶电流,对不同电极进行了面积的参数化扫描,讨论分析了不同面积比对于电偶电流的影响。结果表明：利用仿真模型得到的电偶电流值与试验值吻合较好,在2A12/30CrMnSiNi2A/TC18多电极体系中2A12充当阳极,TC18/30CrMnSiNi2A充当阴极,且阴阳极极性不随面积比的变化而发生转变,电偶电流主要集中在30CrMnSiNi2A与2A12之间,电偶电流与TC18面积呈线性关系,其对数与2A12和30CrMnSiNi2A面积的对数之间呈线性关系。利用建立的仿真模型对模拟搭接件大气腐蚀进行了仿真研究,仿真发现垫圈、2A12与30CrMnSiNi2A偶接接缝处及2A12与TC18偶接铆钉处电流密度分布更为集中,易发生腐蚀,与暴晒试验结果相符,说明该仿真模型对于多电极偶接的腐蚀分布具有很好的预测作用。     

Radar Identification of Naval Vessels

A scheme is presented for the identification of naval vessels via active multiple-frequency radar interrogation. A major virtue of the described method is the use of a response waveform synthesized using amplitude data only. A prediction correlation using natural resonances associated with substructures on the vessels is applied to synthetically generated matched-filter response waveforms. The identification scheme is tested using measured model data for 8 vessels on a simulated sea surface. A correct identification probability of roughly 77 percent is obtained.     

Kalman Filter Compensation for a Special Class of Systems

Filter compensation techniques for several special but practical cases are discussed. A general set of bias and covariance equations for linear filters with modeling errors is first summarized. A method for relating the modeling errors to the selection of the covariance of "process noise" for model error compensation is suggested. A performance ordering for cases when the true system becomes a subsystem of the model used for the filter construction is given. A bias correcting filter is derived for the case when the filter is matched only to a subsystem of the actual system.     

基于非局部理论的一维损伤模型的有限元算法

为了解决损伤局部化问题的网格依赖性,采用非局部理论,从损伤本构关系中引入特征长度入手,建立非局部损伤本构模型。提出了一种新的单元,将位移、非局部应变和非局部应变梯度作为基本的未知量,引入了C-1连续的形函数,并推导了非局部损伤本构模型的有限元格式。在ABAQUS中进行了二次开发,嵌入了本文提出的单元和本构模型,并用ABAQUS软件分析了一维损伤结构的受力情况。计算结果表明,数值模拟与理论推导结果的总体趋势吻合得较好,证明了本文方法的正确性与可行性。     

超精密车床主轴回转误差运动的动态测试

介绍了两点误差分离法动态测试超精密车床主轴回转误差运动的方法,建立了数学模型并进行了仿真,研制了测试系统。实验表明该测试系统操作方便,性能稳定,测试精度良好。     

On-line diagnostics of a self-contained flight actuator

A mathematical model describing the dynamics of a self-contained flight control actuator is established. Typical failures of the actuator are defined in the space of the model parameters in the form of a failure pattern library. A diagnostic model of the actuator, intentionally sensitive to particular failures, is defined. A diagnostic procedure, featuring on-line parameter estimation of the diagnostic model, failure detection, and isolation, is proposed. A failure prediction procedure, utilizing trends exhibited by parameter estimates, is formulated. The results are verified by computer simulation     

改进型芳纶Ⅲ纤维及其复合材料性能

以改进型芳纶Ⅲ纤维(F-3A)的研制及工程化应用为背景,开展了F-3A 纤维及其复合材料性能 研究,采用改进型环氧树脂体系与F-3A 纤维复合进行了NOL 环及其全尺寸复合材料缠绕构件试验考核。试 验结果表明,F-3A 纤维的力学性能优异,工艺性能稳定,能够满足复合材料结构工程应用要求。     

硼/铝型材的研制

 本文研究了单向增强硼/铝复合材料的包覆板弯曲成形技术。用大气下热压结合的办法,将两面包有钢板的硼/铝叠片压合成一整体,然后在室温下将包钢硼/铝板弯曲成型材,再用硝酸将钢板腐蚀掉。此法可制造各种形状的硼/铝型材,包括形状较复杂的帽形型材,为硼/铝复合材料的实际应用打下了基础。     

二元非对称喷管可调方案试验研究

 针对某二元非对称喷管提出了两种可调方式(方案A和方案B),开展了不同落压比(NPR)的喷管风洞试验,获得了喷管壁面压力分布和流场纹影。根据风洞试验条件,进行了详细的三维数值模拟研究,并与试验结果进行对比,两者吻合良好,验证了本文所采用的数值模拟方法的可靠性。根据数值模拟与试验结果,得出了两种方案推力性能的差异。其中,方案B(喉道和出口面积均可调节)较方案A(仅喉道面积可调节)面积膨胀比更接近喷管理想膨胀比,因此方案B推力性能较好。在落压比为3.8时,方案B较方案A推力系数提高了8%。     

面向A320维护训练器的飞控系统仿真模型研究

根据A320维护训练器的故障诊断的要求,利用一种改进的概念图的方法完成了A320方向舵系统的仿真建模,并以飞行增稳计算机的人工配平功能为例进行了建模及仿真验证。经A320维护训练器实际验证,该建模方法简便有效,可以扩展至整个飞控系统及A320其他系统的建模。     

Cyclic folding of composite zigzag structures and calculating of equipment parameters

A novel processing scheme for cyclic production of composite folded structures from continuous sheet of prepreg is presented. A circular transformable mandrel is used as a shaping unit. A technique of calculating the shaping unit parameters is developed. It is based on the analysis of facility kinematics using a vector model of four-axis folded structures transformation process.     

Airworthiness Compliance Verification Method Based on Simulation of Complex System

A study is conducted on a new airworthiness compliance verification method based on pilot-aircraft-environment complex system simulation. Verification scenarios are established by "block diagram" method based on airworthiness criteria. A pilotaircraft-environment complex model is set up and a virtual flight testing method based on connection of MATLAB/Simulink and Flightgear is proposed. Special researches are conducted on the modeling of pilot manipulation stochastic parameters and manipulation in critical situation. Unfavorable flight factors of certain scenario are analyzed, and reliability modeling of important system is researched. A distribution function of small probability event and the theory on risk probability measurement are studied. Nonlinear function is used to depict the relationship between the cumulative probability and the extremum of the critical parameter. A synthetic evaluation model is set up, modified genetic algorithm (MGA) is applied to ascertaining the distribution parameter in the model, and a more reasonable result is obtained. A clause about vehicle control functions (VCFs) verification in MIL-HDBK-516B is selected as an example to validate the practicability of the method.     

5A06铝合金超快变换极性VPTIG焊接工艺

研发了一种适用于铝合金材料的新型超快速变换变极性焊接工艺,以5A06为焊接对象,通过X射线探伤、拉伸试验、金相分析以及扫描电镜等手段对超快变换VPTIG焊接工艺进行了试验研究.试验结果表明,超快变换变极性,11G焊接工艺能够显著改善和提高5A06铝合金的焊接质量.     

航天用铝合金/ 焊丝焊接性研究

针对2A14、2219、2195、2A97、1460铝合金,通过焊接热模拟试验、焊接裂纹敏感性试验和拉伸试验,建立了材料脆性温度区间大小和焊接性的关系及焊丝主成分和焊接性的关系。结果表明,试验合金焊接性从好到差的排列顺序为2219、2A14、1460、2195、2A97。其中2A14、2219铝合金现用焊丝可以满足推进剂贮箱用铝合金焊接性要求。脆性温度区间较小时,焊接性良好,随脆性温度区间增加,焊接性变差;采用满足主成分含量之和为6%的焊丝焊接时,若抗裂性满足要求,则接头延伸率满足要求。     

对旋轴流风机降噪措施的实验研究

针对一台自行设计的高效对旋轴流风机噪声高的缺点, 分析了主要噪声源及噪声的频率特征;并用消声声衬及适当增加管道长度的方法进行了大量的实验研究, 取得了良好的效果。总声压级由101dB(A)降至88dB(A)。      

Identification Techniques for SARSAT Signals

A process for the identification of emergency locator transmitter (ELT) signals related to search and rescue satellite-aided tracking (SARSAT) is presented. The ELT identification process is particularly important in order to increase the probability of detection and eliminate sources of interference from the data set. A set of ELT signal parameters is introduced and methods for estimating these parameters are developed. A theoretical analysis and performance evaluation of these methods is provided.     

Coding for Ambiguity Reduction in Pulsed Scanning Systems

A technique for suppressing the ambiguities arising in pulsed scanning systems is described. A system of multiple antennas is employed, and a coded sequence of pulses is radiated.     

快速凝固铝合金粉末表面氧化的研究

应用光电子能谱(Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis)系统研究了快速凝固纯铝粉末及高强Al-7.52n-2.0Mg-2.0Cu,高温Al-4Mn-4Ni-0.6Mg-0.6Zr和超轻Al-3.2Li-1.1Mg-0.3Cu-0.2Zr合金粉末表面结构及氧化层厚度和组成,探讨了合金元素,粉末尺寸及储存条件对粉末表面结构及氧化状况的影响。     

Instrumentation for balloon and rocket experiments

A number of plasma, particle and field detectors used on rocket investigations in and above the Earth's atmosphere are described. Emphasis is on magnetospheric and solar-interplanetary studies. A balloon-borne X-ray telescope system with 20 pointing accuracy is discussed. A PCM telemetry system used on both balloons and rockets to handle scientific data is described including a simple Doppler ranging system that gives location to 1.5 km. A system to reduce and analyze PCM data on the ground is discussed.     

基于改进粒子群算法的机场多航班多服务调度策略

机场加油、行李和配餐等多项地面服务是航班正常运行的关键,也是机场大面积航班延误快速恢复过程重点考虑的问题.在对多航班多服务调度目标和约束条件分析的基础上,提出了多航班多服务调度模型,定义了粒子的二维表示方法,设计了一种改进粒子群算法来生成航班调度方案,并针对国内某机场的航班数据进行了仿真实验,结果表明,该算法与基本粒子群算法、进化策略相比,有明显优势,可极大地提高多航班多服务调度水平和机场地面服务效率.