菲利普斯曲线之中国验证--基于1985-2004年的数据分析

本文在介绍分析菲利普斯曲线三种形态及其政策含义的基础上,使用中国的相关数据对其进行验证.本文对我国菲利普斯曲线的三种形态分别进行绘制和分析.在简要回顾对曲线走势有重要影响的宏观经济政策之后,提出当前应当逐渐由扩张性财政政策向中性的财政政策转变.     

过滤净化工艺对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金疲劳性能的影响

本文研究了过滤对铸态和变形态Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金疲劳性能的影响。疲劳试验是在旋转弯曲和三点弯曲条件下进行的。观测了裂纹的萌生和扩展。 研究工作证明:过滤工艺不仅可以提高合金的常规力学性能,而且可以提高铸态铝合金的疲劳性能。过滤提高了变形态合金的疲劳极限,改变了S-N曲线的形状,减缓了裂纹萌生和初期裂纹的扩展速率。本文对过滤提高合金疲劳性能的机制,作了理论分析。     

筒射型导弹弹射动力装置火药有用能利用系数研究

对筒射导弹弹射动力装置与发射筒之间三种不同安装方式的火药有用能利用系数进行分析计算，绘出其变化规律曲线，为导弹弹射动力装置设计者在选择安装方式之后计算装药量提供设计参考，有助于简化燃气一蒸汽弹射动力装置的研制过程。     

高精度光纤陀螺温度实验研究

温度是影响光纤陀螺(FOG)输出特性的主要因素,对于高精度光纤陀螺更是如此。从实验入手,在常温、低温和高温三种状态下进行研究,采用热敏电阻分别对陀螺的六个重要部位的温度进行监测,得出光纤陀螺启动阶段至稳定以后的输出曲线、零偏变化曲线、温度变化曲线。对输出曲线、零偏变化曲线、温度变化曲线分析,发现不仅光纤陀螺自身热效应会影响光纤环,而且环境温度变化也会对光纤环产生影响。针对上述现象,对陀螺采取温度控制,经实验证明,能有效地改善陀螺的输出特性。     

45NiCr1Mo1VA(D6AC)钢在人造海水介质中的应力腐蚀断裂研究

45NiCr1Mo1VA(D6AC)钢是用于制作宇航压力容器的低合金超高强度钢?本文研究了该钢在人造海水介质中的应力腐蚀断裂行为,用螺栓加载的WOL试样测定了其采用三种热处理制度时所对应的应力腐蚀强度因子Klscc,给出了这三种热处理制度所对应的 K-lg(da/dt)曲线和K1i/K1f-孕育期之间关系的曲线。     

基于离散对数问题的椭圆曲线公钥系统的一种快速算法

椭圆曲线公钥系统可以缓解传统公钥系统中大计算复杂度的瓶颈问题。本文提出了基于离散对数问题的椭圆曲线公钥系统的一种快速算法。通过对算法进行的运行数分析，可以看出新算法在较大程度上提高了计算效率     

柔性喷管力矩特性的识别

本文在试验、测量、计算获得柔性喷管的总力矩—摆角响应曲线的基础上,对其物理特性作了分析,建立了辨识其力矩特性的数学模型。利用三次样条函数的特点,较准确地再现了该数学模型所代表的矛盾方程组,然后又利用多元线性回归分析,最终求得了组成总力矩的弹性力矩,粘滞摩擦力矩、库伦摩擦力矩、惯性力矩和偏位力矩等以及它们的力矩系数。并在计算机上进行了仿真试验,对建立的数学模型和分析方法作了验证。     

非线性弹簧形态优化及可调节恒力装置设计

基于组合结构研究一种可调节恒力装置的设计方法,恒力装置由负刚度非线性弹簧和正刚度线性弹簧组合而成。采用B样条曲线描述非线性弹簧的形态,基于GA算法和非线性有限元法实现非线性弹簧的形态优化设计。根据恒力装置的工作原理,设计线性螺旋弹簧,并分析刚度/强度特性。组合结构的力学性能分析表明恒力装置可以实现输出恒力。为了实现自我保护、输出的恒力大小/方向可调,进行了恒力装置的部组件设计。本文的恒力装置设计方法为平面薄膜天线和太阳电池阵的工程研制提供了技术支撑。     

凝胶试验特性数据分析

针对凝胶推进剂压力损失的计算方法与常规推进剂存在很大差异,结合对非牛顿流体的理论分析,得出了凝胶推进剂在管路中的流动特性主要取决于其自身。对凝胶N2O4及凝胶UDMH液流试验的压力-流量数据,分别采用指数方程、多项式方程和直线方程三种方法进行曲线拟和、对比分析,反映了凝胶推进剂的非牛顿流体特性,对系统组建提出了一些建议,明确了凝胶试验系统试前应采用真实介质进行冷调,并为系统调试数据提供了可行的拟合方法。     

聚集状态对固体火箭发动机颗粒粒度分布的影响

开展了聚集状态下颗粒的收集实验和粒度分析,研究了聚集度和压强对粒度分布的影响规律.聚集状态的颗粒利用收缩管装置产生,采用一种颗粒收集方法对颗粒进行收集,并冻结其形态,对收集到的颗粒采用激光粒度分析仪进行了粒度分析.研究结果表明,聚集状态下颗粒平均粒度比常规条件下大很多,分布范围也较常规条件下宽得多,粒度分布曲线呈双峰或多峰分布,主峰比重很大;颗粒聚集度增大,颗粒粒度平均值增大,大粒度颗粒比重增加;颗粒粒度随燃烧室压强增大而增大.     

Data on and methodology for calculating space shuttle programme costs

This report presents data on the annual and total costs of NASA's Space Shuttle programme through fiscal year (FY) 1993. The total cost of the programme through FY 1993 is found to be $83.7 billion in 1992 dollars. This information has significance for pending policy decisions on the future of the Shuttle programme, its possible successors, and interrelated programmes, such as the Space Station.     

The US civilian space programme : Charting a new course

The US space programme continues to face difficulties in restructuring to meet existing political and fiscal conditions, in part because the basic structure and focus of the programme derive from the tensions of the Cold War. This paper argues that the world's new, more complicated political and economic conditions present a challenge for US policy makers that can be met with a renewed focus on the pursuit of science and the public good, within the context of international economic competition and political and scientific cooperation.     

空间碎片国际机制发展趋势分析

文章通过对空间碎片国际机制(多边谈判机制)的分析,指出其发展趋势,从而为中国参加相关谈判工作提供参考。空间碎片国际机制的发展已呈现出明显的政策化、法律化和制度化的趋势。无论是从外空利益争夺、外空战略实现,还是从中国航天事业可持续发展、中国航天立法体系完善的角度来讲,积极参加空间碎片技术合作与规则制定的国际谈判都具有重要意义。从国内建设上来看,中国应尽快制定“技术—政策(战略)—法律”三位一体的解决思路和具体方案;从国际层面看,可以借鉴美国一直坚持和贯彻的“技术—政策—国内规则—国际软法—国际法”外空策略,来开展空间碎片减缓和清除等方面的技术与规则制定的合作。     

刍议上市公司会计政策选择与会计信息披露

随着会计政策选择的空间不断增大，会计政策选择出现的问题越来越多。如何规范上市公司会计政策的选择，提高上市公司的信息披露质量成为人们探讨的一个重要内容。本文从我国上市公司会计政策选择的现状人手，进一步分析会计政策选择对信息披露的影响，对于促进上市公司合理选择会计政策、维护资本市场的健康运转有一定的借鉴意义。     

Earth observation and UK science policy

This paper examines the way in which Earth observation is linked to UK science policy through the 1993 UK science White Paper and subsequent policy statements, and how the central theme of partnership has been developed in practice. An example of crop yield prediction is given to illustrate the strengths and the weaknesses of the approach. The UK science and space strategies are set in the context of the European Strategy for Space and links are made to the US global change research strategy.     

矩阵博弈应用于雷达有源干扰策略选择的研究

矩阵博弈作为博弈论中的一个重要模型,采用矩阵运算方法,帮助利益冲突方在对手行动意图不明了的情况下,选择最优行动方案。将矩阵博弈理论引入到雷达有源干扰策略决策中,建立了干扰方与雷达方的对抗关系矩阵,并采用迭代法-Brown算法求解,得到了干扰方的最优干扰策略。     

Administrative reform of Japanese Space Policy Structures in 2012

In Japan, there are several government ministries and agencies with important roles in the development and use of space. In 2012, Japan restructured its administrative organs related to the development and use of space through legal amendments to the original acts that established these organs. Although this was an important administrative reform that took four years of planning and discussion to accomplish, this restructuring has not been communicated well outside of Japan. This study provides the first comprehensive overview of the recent legal changes in Japanese space policy. In contrast to some reports, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) still has primary responsibility for the finances and personnel of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). This continues to be true even after the Cabinet Office begins its new role as the focal point for formulating Japanese space policy. It remains to be seen how the policy direction of the Cabinet Office will interact with the operational, financial, and personnel responsibilities of MEXT. I argue that knowledge of the roles of MEXT and the Cabinet Office in space policy, and the tension between the two organizations, is key to understanding Japan's future space policy decision-making process. By tracing the history of Japanese space policy since 2001, I also suggest that if bureaucrats had thought more deeply before making major reforms to space policy and its administration, there would have been less confusion over the development of national space policy this past decade. This paper concludes by identifying some key elements to monitor in the coming years of Japan's space policy.     

跨传感器异步迁移学习的室内单目无人机避障

针对强化学习策略由仿真环境向实际迁移困难的问题，以提高无人机采用无深度信息单目视觉时的行人规避能力为目标，提出一种基于异步深度神经网络结构的跨传感器迁移学习方法。首先，在仿真环境中仅使用虚拟单线激光雷达作为传感器，通过基于确定性策略梯度(DDPG)的深度强化学习方法，训练得到一个稳定的初级避障策略。其次，用单目摄像头和激光雷达同步采集现实环境中的视觉和深度数据集并逐帧绑定，使用上述初级避障策略对现实数据集进行自动标注，进而训练得到无需激光雷达数据的单目视觉避障策略，实现从虚拟激光雷达到现实单目视觉的跨传感器迁移学习。最后，引入YOLO v3-tiny网络与Resnet18网络组成异步深度神经网络结构，有效提高了存在行人场景下的避障性能。     

Open for business: a new approach to commercialisation of the International Space Station

The International Space Station (ISS) is the result of collaboration between 15 countries [Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA) between the Governments of Canada, the United States of America, Japan, Russia and ESA member States, concerning co-operation on the civil International Space Station, 1998]. Originally planned as a scientific facility, a shift in policy of the partners has recently occurred towards commercialisation of the Station. This article is a response to this policy shift. Based on a report prepared by a Master of Space Studies class at ISU, it set outs to identify the major constraints in which the potential commercial user must operate and proposes solutions for both commercial user and the partner space agencies to facilitate this commercialisation process. At a time when spacefaring nations face reduced fiscal resources and increasing pressure from their constituencies to justify the huge costs of the ISS, commercialising utilisation seems a logical solution. Clearly, successful commercialisation can help recover some of the development and operating costs of the ISS. The structure of the article is divided into two main parts. The first part proposes new solutions to existing constraint to ISS commercialisation in areas of policy, law, technology and business. Its conclusions are integrated and unified into A New Approach towards ISS commercialisation. This approach is then applied in part two to two case studies: the International Space Satellite Servicing Station (I4S) and protein crystallisation. The article then concludes with a recommended approach to the future of ISS commercialisation.     

The role of the European parliament in the development of a European union space policy

This paper investigates the role of the European Parliament (EP) in the development of the space policy of the EU (EUSP), an important policy area that has been neglected in the political science and EU studies literature. EUSP is the offspring of the European space policy which started as a purely intergovernmental affair, but gradually acquired a supranational dimension. Although the EP did little to initiate this process, it always supported the involvement of the EU in space, and it used both its formal and informal powers to affect and promote its development. Under the consultation procedure the EP managed to become a conditional agenda setter, and under co-decision an influential legislation maker. The changes it introduced in the European global navigation satellite and Earth observation programmes relate not only to the inter-institutional balance and its controlling powers, but to a series of substantive issues also. Consequently, the activism of the EP has played an important part in the development of the EUSP, even if it was not the main force behind its inception.