共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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几种新型的星载多光谱和成像光谱仪 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近几年出现了几种新型的星载多光谱和成像光谱仪,例如:Landsat-7卫星的有效载荷增强型主题测绘仪+(ETM+);EOS AM-1卫星的有效载荷多角度成像光谱仪(MISR)和先进空间热发射和反射辐射计(ASTER);特殊探测器紫外成像光谱仪(SSUSI)。文章从结构、性能参数等方面综述了这几种星载成像光谱仪。 相似文献
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太阳光谱成像观测是太阳物理和空间天气研究的重要数据来源。极紫外观测是目前在空间观测太阳的主要手段。现阶段太阳极紫外成像主要通过极紫外成像望远镜和狭缝成像光谱仪实现。成像望远镜能直接获得全日面的活动图像,但不能得到对应的光谱信息。狭缝成像光谱仪可以得到高光谱分辨率的光谱信息,但视场很小,不能得到整个活动区域的信息,限制了对于太阳爆发现象的观测。无狭缝光谱成像技术可以突破这种限制,得到带高分辨率光谱信息的全日面图像,从而获得太阳爆发现象的形态演化、速度、角度信息,对于太阳物理研究和空间天气预报有独特优势。文章综述了自20世纪70年代以来发展的3种太阳极紫外无狭缝成像技术形式,说明了其各自的优缺点;介绍了近年来发展的多级衍射光谱成像方式的原理,旨在为发展我国新型空间太阳观测仪器提供借鉴。 相似文献
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已获欧空局资助的红外空间观测卫星(ISO)将使天文学家在2.5~200μm的波长范围内以前所未有的灵敏度更详尽地探测从太阳系到遥远的银河系以外的天体。卫星主要由一台大型液氦低温恒温器,一台主镜直径为60cm的望远镜和4台科学仪器构成。仪器部分包括:成像光偏振计(2.5~200μm)、相机(2.5~17μm)、短波光谱仪(2.5~45μm)及长波光谱仪(45~180μm)。这些仪器将由欧空局联合研究机构研制。然后交付欧空局使用。ISO定于1995年发射,工作寿命达18个月以上。作为天文观测卫星,其观测时间的三分之二将供天文研究机构使用。 相似文献
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已获欧空局资助的红外空间观测卫星(ISO)将使天文学家在2.5~200μm的波长范围内以前所未有的灵敏度更详尽地探测从太阳系到遥远的银河系以外的天体,卫星主要由一台大型液氦低温恒温器,一台主镜直径为60cm的望远镜和4台科学仪器构成,仪器部分包括:成像光偏振计(2.5~200μm)相机(2.5~17μm),短波光谱仪(2.5~45μm)及长波光谱仪(45~180μm)。这些仪器将由欧空局联合研究机 相似文献
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为了确保紫外临边成像光谱仪的温度水平和温度梯度满足指标要求,分析了其所处空间环境并结合其光机电的特点,设计了整机的主动热控方案和被动热控方案。首先,总结了成像光谱仪热设计的基本原则,介绍了主动热控方案和被动热控方案。接着,利用最坏情况分析法分析了主动热控系统测温电路的测温精度。然后,根据主动热控方案的要求,对主动热控系统的硬件和热控策略进行了设计和实现。最后,规划了主动热控系统的验证试验,并对主动热控系统进行了试验验证。分析和实验结果表明:主动热控系统的测温精度满足≤±0.5℃的指标要求,主动热控系统能够保证紫外临边光谱仪13℃~18℃以及紫外环形成像仪8℃~18℃的温度水平要求,主动热控方案合理、可行,满足高可靠性的要求。 相似文献
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由于干涉成像光谱仪具有高通量、高光谱分辨率和光谱多通道等优点,成为超光谱分辨率遥感方面的研究热点,文章简要分析了国内外的研究现状和干涉成像光谱仪的应用前景,主要介绍时间调制型干涉成像光谱仪和基于变形Sagnac干涉仪、双折射棱镜及Savart板等空间调制型的干涉成像光谱仪的形式、原理和特点,分析了其光学结构和影响光谱分辨率的因素。 相似文献
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“高分五号”卫星概况及应用前景展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
"高分五号"卫星是中国高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项中实现高光谱分辨率观测的卫星,运行于高度705km的太阳同步轨道,装载可见短波红外高光谱相机、全谱段光谱成像仪、大气环境红外甚高光谱分辨率探测仪、大气主要温室气体监测仪、大气痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪、大气气溶胶多角度偏振探测仪等6台有效载荷,具备高光谱与多光谱对地成像、大气掩星与天底观测、大气多角度偏振探测、海洋耀斑观测等多种观测手段,获取从紫外至长波红外(0.24~13.3μm)高光谱分辨率遥感数据;载荷的光谱分辨率最高可达0.03cm~(–1),具备在轨定标功能,绝对辐射定标精度优于5%,光谱定标精度最高可达0.008cm~(–1)。卫星将在环境综合监测、国土资源调查和气候变化研究等方面发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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《中国航天(英文版)》2019,(3)
Compared with traditional ground asteroid observations, deep space exploration is an important way to explore and comprehensively understand the characteristics of asteroids. Imaging spectrometer integrates morphological measurement and spectral measurement, and has the ability to acquire image and spectral data simultaneously. By combining morphometry and spectrometry, it is possible to achieve efficient identification and quantitative analysis of the chemical components of the exploration target, and has the strong advantage in the field of asteroid exploration. This paper analyzes the principle of the staring imaging spectrometer and the technological progress in various countries. Based on the requirements of light, small payloads and the space characteristics of spectroscopic devices, the application of staring imaging spectrometer is discussed. Then, this paper introduces the conceptual design of an acousto-optic staring imaging spectrometer, combined with the technical characteristics of its area array stare frame imaging and fast electronic control spectrum selection. An experimental verification is carried out, which provides a reference for the feasibility of this type of instrument in asteroid exploration. 相似文献
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Mortimer AJ DeBakey ME Gerzer R Hansen R Sutton J Neiman SN 《Acta Astronautica》2004,54(11-12):805-812
Leading scientists and physicians review groundbreaking research that is leading the way to better health care for astronauts and new treatments for medical problems on Earth. This research includes the development and testing of a new Ventricular Assist Device for patients with heart failure awaiting heart transplantation; advancements in telemedicine that bring medical care to remote areas on Earth and aid in the diagnosis and treatment of illness during space flight; advanced technologies, such as a miniature mass spectrometer, cardiac ultrasound equipment, bone imaging, non-invasive High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound, non-invasive techniques for blood and tissue chemistry measurements; and advances in the treatment of spinal cord injuries. 相似文献
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E. K. Kolesnikov 《Cosmic Research》2016,54(6):491-493
This article, like our previous one [1], is devoted to advanced space technology concepts. It evaluates the potential for developing active systems to conduct a remote elemental analysis of surface rocks on an atmosphereless celestial body. The analysis is based on the spectrometry of characteristic X-rays (CXR) artificially excited in the surface soil layer. It has been proposed to use an electron beam injected from aboard a spacecraft orbiting the celestial body (or moving in a flyby trajectory) to excite the CXR elements contained in surface rocks. The focus is on specifying technical requirements to the parameters of payloads for a global mapping of the composition of lunar rocks from aboard of a low-orbiting lunar satellite. This article uses the results obtained in [2], our first study that shows the potential to develop an active system for a remote elemental analysis of lunar surface rocks using the above method. Although there has been interest in our research on the part of leading national academic institutions and space technology developers in the Soviet Union, the studies were discontinued because of the termination of the Soviet lunar program and the completion of the American Apollo program. 相似文献
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基于空间线性可变滤波器的成像光谱仪SVFIS是为纳型卫星设计的高光谱遥感系统,它的最大优点是结构简单,因而机械稳定性和热稳定性非常高,特别适合在航天环境下使用。本文简要介绍了航天高光谱遥感和成像光谱仪,重点介绍SVFIS的系统结构并阐明它的工作原理。SVFIS的数据具有冗余性和延时性的特点,虽然有它不利的一面,但其影响程度依赖于系统设计。由于SVFIS数据中包含着地势起伏、目标运动和平台姿态变化的信息,为研究这些信息,我们对像面进行了特殊的设计,这是SVFIS的另一显著特点。 相似文献
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The concept of “space patrol” is considered, aimed at discovering and cataloging the majority of celestial bodies that constitute
a menace for the Earth [1, 2]. The scheme of “optical barrier” formed by telescopes of the space patrol is analyzed, requirements
to the observation system are formulated, and some schemes of sighting the optical barrier region are suggested (for reliable
detection of the celestial bodies approaching the Earth and for determination of their orbits). A comparison is made of capabilities
of electro-jet engines and traditional chemical engines for arrangement of patrol spacecraft constellation in the Earth’s
orbit. 相似文献
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I. M. Sidorov 《Cosmic Research》2004,42(1):60-72
We propose to develop a scheme for a group of space objects which includes a set of orbital tethers and exchange masses. These objects are injected into circumterrestrial orbits. A variety of problems can be solved with the help of this space system, namely, transport problems and problems of converting the electric power generated onboard spacecraft into mechanical energy of motion of the space objects. In the future, natural celestial bodies (in particular, the Moon) can be considered as elements of the system. This opens up the possibility of using the energy of motion of the Moon both for solving transport problems and for generating electric power onboard spacecraft. 相似文献
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大行星、月球和小天体环绕型探测器的轨道问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对环绕型探测器的轨道,以具有不同物理特征的大天体(金星、火星和月球等)为例,根据它们的质量大小(决定其引力作用范围的大小)、密度分布和形状特征(决定其非球形引力场的特征),具体阐述了它们各自环绕型探测器轨道的可能形式和不同的变化特征,另外介绍了小天体探测时的两种伴飞形式。关于环绕型探测器的轨道特征,如月球无大气,对其低轨探测器而言没有能量耗散影响,却同样有轨道寿命问题,而且由于其质量分布不均匀,这种现象还与轨道倾角有密切关系;而对火星的环绕型探测器而言,尽管有类似现象,但与轨道倾角的关系却大不相同。这些重要的轨道变化特征,可为深空探测中目标轨道的选择和设计提供依据。 相似文献