A high-capacity aeronautical mobile satellite system

A conceptual system design is described for a satellite-based aeronautical safety communications system capable of serving both general aviation (GA) aircraft and commercial aviation (CA) aircraft in the contiguous US (CONUS) in the mid-1990s. It is shown how the large system capacity that is required can be obtained using a 15-m deployable antenna onboard a high-power commercial communications satellite expected to be available in the mid-1990s     

GNSS用户端自主完好性监测研究综述

随着全球卫星导航系统的快速发展,对航空安全提出了挑战,完好性监测问题愈发凸显,用户端自主完好性监测(RAIM)是研究的重点之一。针对RAIM问题,首先介绍了所需导航性能的4个重要参数:精度、完好性、可用性和连续性。从单卫星故障下的RAIM、多卫星故障下的RAIM、高斯噪声下的RAIM 3个方面,综述了国内外相关的重要研究,主要涉及了3个层次内容:算法、计算保护限值和可用性,并指出了目前研究存在的不足。其次介绍了近期研究的新趋势与取得的成果。最后,展望了未来的研究方向。     

ATM and FIS data link services

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) currently has under development data link services for Air Traffic Management (ATM), Flight Information Service (FIS), and communications, navigation, and surveillance (CNS). These services will be provided over the Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN), a worldwide data network intended to provide data communications connectivity among mobile aircraft, airlines, and civil aviation authorities. The ATM and FIS services currently under development are part of an evolutionary process that will begin, for the most part, with duplication of voice services. In the future, services will facilitate a common source of data for pilots, controllers, and flight planners, as well as computer-to-computer communications between ground based and airborne automation systems. These future services will provide benefits such as the use of optimum aircraft tracks and flight profiles     

民用飞机卫星通信系统的设计和适航验证考虑

随着我国航空事业的快速发展,关于机载卫星通信的业务需求越来越强烈。卫星通信覆盖面积大、通信容量大、通信距离远、机动灵活、传输线路稳定可靠,是克服现有甚高频、高频通信系统局限性的最佳选择。首先对卫星通信系统进行了概述,在此基础上全面论述了卫星通信系统设计过程的考虑事项、并提出适航符合性验证的方法建议,为民用飞机卫星通信系统的适航批准提供支持。     

Nonredundant error correction DQPSK for the aeronautical-satellitechannel

The performance of differentially encoded quadrature phase-shift keying (DQPSK) system employing nonredundant error correction (NEC) receivers with single- and double-error correction capability is analyzed and evaluated for the aeronautical satellite channel. The NEC is an attractive coding technique which employs differential detectors with more than one symbol delay elements and which does not introduce any redundancy as other coding schemes do. As typical for aeronautical satellite communications, a Rician fading channel with Gaussian power spectrum has been considered. Unlike the additive, uncorrelated from symbol to symbol interference such as additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) or static cochannel interference (CCI) which has been investigated in the past, analysis of the performance in a fading channel is much more difficult. The difficulty arises from the multiplicative and correlative nature of the fading interference. Bit error rate (BER) performance evaluation results have been obtained by means of computer simulation for various channel conditions, including different values of the K-factor and the fading B_DT. These results have indicated that considerable performance gains as compared with conventional differentially detected systems are achieved for high values of K and for very fast fading. Both of these conditions are encountered in typical aeronautical communication systems. Wherever possible, heuristic explanations of the trend of the obtained BER performance evaluation results are also given     

中国拟建航空卫星移动通信地面地球站（GES）的技术方案

中国民航正在计划实施航空卫星移动业务通信。ＡＭＳＳ系统有三个主要组成部分：空间段，地面地球站和机载地球站。中国国际航空公司已居其两架波音７４７型飞机上装有ＡＥＳ。不久将有更多飞国际航线的飞机安装ＡＥＳ。     

中国民航航管卫星通信网TES／PES系统特点分析

概述民航航管卫星通信网发展，着重分析和归纳了其主要设备—ＴＥＳ／ＰＥＳ系统的概念、组成和特点。特别是从用户使用的角度，介绍了ＴＥＳ／ＰＥＳ的功能特点     

卫星导航新进展及对民用航空的影响

近十年来，卫星导航在军事、民用许多方面取得了令人瞩目的成就，美国1998年发表了GPS现代化公告，俄罗斯、欧盟、中国等国家也相继部署或制定了导航卫星计划。本文阐述了卫星导航近年来的新发展，并分析了它们对民用航空的影响。     

Iridium(R) aeronautical satellite communications

The ever-increasing demand to stay in touch, to be able to communicate anywhere and anytime, has created a market for low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications services such as the Iridium system. The Iridium satellite communications network is being developed to support the needs of the passenger, the cabin crew and the flight crew for: aeronautical public correspondence (APC); aeronautical administrative communications (AAC); aeronautical operational control (AOC); and air traffic services (ATS)     

PLANS '92 keynote address

It is argued that the civil aviation industry needs a global systems approach that makes economic sense to meet its needs for increased capacity, efficiency and safety. The role of new technology in the areas of satellite navigation, computers, and communication is discussed     

国际上航空气象科研新成就和新技术综述——纪念1989年世界气象日

国际民用航空事业的飞速发展,对航空气象服务提出了越来越高的要求。为了保证飞行安全和提高机场利用率,许多技术先进国家研制和使用了新的航空气象观测、预报和情报传输技术和设备。一些科学发达国家还给主要机场配备了综合自动化气象观测系统、自动化天气预报设施和自动化气象服务系统。他们研制了航空天气情报的自动传输系统,加强了自动制作航线天气预报和短时预报与航站预报的科研工作。由于计算机技术、通信条件和遥感技术的发展,这些国家的航空气象保障能力已经得到了极大的提高。     

国内外民用航空发动机-飞机数据图形库系统的开发

 1.引言 国内外民用航空发动-飞机数据图形库系统的开发是应用计算机数据库技术、图形技术对航空科学与工程数据进行计算机辅助管理的一次尝试。该系统是在“微机汉字dBASEⅢ+微机汉字C编译”支持下设计与实现的具有图形功能的关系型汉字数据库应用系统。该系     

Federal Radionavigation Plan-pie in the sky for civil aviation?

The Federal Radionavigation Plan states that all present navigation and landing guidance facilities will be retired starting in 2005, and full dependence for these functions will be placed on augmented GPS. Once this is implemented, civil aviation will be totally vulnerable to terrorist jamming of the GPS signals over wide earth areas with widespread disruption of air traffic and potential disasters. It has become apparent that the use of GPS/GNSS is complex and expensive for the required civil aviation functions. It is clear that a different system form is needed for civil aviation, a redundant satellite/ground based system that will prevent it from being a jamming target while providing ATC surveillance, area navigation, collision warning/avoidance, high-speed data link and Category I landing guidance globally, plus precision Category III guidance in the terminal areas as needed. Such a system will be described     

分组交换与帧中继

结合中国民航自动转报业务使用X．25的情况、布局及应用中存在的问题,介绍分组交换和帧中继的技术特点,并通过分组交换与帧中继的比较,说明帧中继正取代分组交换而成为今后中国民航数据通信网的主要数据交换技术。     

我院建成航空卫星通信实验地球站

在世界范围内实现新的通信、导航和监视／空中交通管理，能改善空中交通服务，减少运营费用和提高飞行安全等。中国民航学院建成航空卫星移动通信实验地球站，为研究新航行系统、试验自动相关监视等，创造了良好条件     

Data link communication equipment approved by USAF for civil air traffic control

Operations within civil airspace will transition from traditional ground-based air traffic control (ATC) to air traffic management (ATM), a concept that requires aircrews and ground managers to share responsibility of aircraft separation assurance. Increased levels of information exchange will be necessary for this concept to work safely; therefore, air-ground communications will transition from voice to data link communications. The nature of data link communications procurement requires that avionics suppliers not only verify their products meet contractual performance requirements, but also demonstrate that their products are compatible with civil communication networks and ATC. In addition, the USAF needs to demonstrate that their crew-training program is adequate to maintain the required level of aircrew proficiency and equipment can be maintained for the required level of system performance, integrity, and interoperability with the civil environment. This paper outlines some of the certification issues facing the USAF with respect to the "Approval for Use" of data link equipment to be used for communication with ATC. It will also suggest a methodology for the avionics supplier and USAF to obtain the approvals required to ensure the installation of data link communications equipment on military aircraft will remain interoperable with civil ATC.     

Experiments on aeronautical satellite communications using ETS-Vsatellite

The world's first aeronautical satellite communication experiments, conducted at L-band frequencies using a commercial aircraft, are described. An airborne antenna with electronically steerable beam and communication equipment was installed in a B-747F freighter flying over transoceanic flight routes. The satellite used in these experiments is the Engineering Test Satellite-Five (ETS-V). During the test period, various experiments, such as antenna pattern measurements, transmission performances, and voice quality evaluation were conducted. As the airborne antenna is the key component for the aeronautical satellite communication system, emphasis has been placed on antenna characteristics. Its performance is found to be closely related to the fading characteristics in low-elevation areas and to transmission error performance     

Aeronautical information and meteorological data-link services

Aeronautical Information and Meteorological Management is a key component of the International Civil Aviation Organization's (ICAO) global Air Traffic Management (ATM) operational concept. This global ATM concept is central to the Joint Planning and Development Office's (JPDO) Next Generation Air Transportation System (NGATS), and underlies Europe's Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) initiative. The availability of timely, accurate, and relevant aeronautical and meteorological information in the cockpit is critical for safe conduct of flight and forms the basis for Air Traffic Management (ATM) decision-making. The data-link of aeronautical and meteorological information will facilitate the creation of a common picture of the airspace situation for all flight crews, air traffic controllers, and airline operations personnel. Change notifications, timely warnings and alerts of threats to safe and efficient flight conduct will be enabled by these services. The ultimate goal is to provide access to on-line, real-time, quality information, and weather services to any aviation user, anytime, anywhere. In this framework, we present operational services and environment of the Aeronautical Information Management (AIM) and Meteorological (MET) data-link services envisaged to be implemented over the next decade in both Europe and the USA. It reflects concepts and system performance requirements currently developed by a joint EUROCAE (WG-76) / RTCA (SC-206) Committee. The envisaged AIM data-link services are presented: aeronautical updates both in textual and graphical fore, synchronization of aeronautical data between on-board and ground systems (exchange of permanent aeronautical data regardless of AIRAC cycles). The MET data-link services are also developed: weather planning, near-term, and reactive decision services.     

民用飞机鸟撞研究现状

 鸟撞事故是近年来对民用航空威胁较大的事故之一,民用飞机鸟撞研究已经渐渐成为各国学者研究的新热点.本文详细介绍了民用飞机鸟撞研究的现状.总结了近年来鸟撞事故所造成的损失,列举了一些航空大国的航空管理部门针对鸟撞作出的适航管理规定.对于鸟撞问题的研究,从鸟撞过程的理论分析研究、数值模拟研究和试验研究3个方面进行了综述.对于近些年国内外的飞机抗鸟撞设计,主要包括新材料的运用以及新的结构形式的运用,进行了详细介绍.最后,对未来民用飞机抗鸟撞研究的发展作了展望.     

AeroMTP: A fountain code-based multipath transport protocol for airborne networks

Airborne networks(ANs) are special types of ad hoc networks that can be used to enhance situational awareness, flight coordination and flight efficiency in civil and military aviation.Compared to ground networks, ANs have some unique attributes including high node mobility, frequent topology changes, mechanical and aerodynamic constrains, strict safety requirements and harsh communication environment.Thus, the performance of conventional transmission control protocol(TCP) will be dramatically degraded in ANs.Aircraft commonly have two or more heterogeneous network interfaces which offer an opportunity to form multiple communication paths between any two nodes in ANs.To satisfy the communication requirements in ANs, we propose aeronautical multipath transport protocol(Aero MTP) for ANs, which effectively utilizes the available bandwidth and diversity provided by heterogeneous wireless paths.Aero MTP uses fountain codes as forward error correction(FEC) codes to recover from data loss and deploys a TCP-friendly rate-based congestion control mechanism for each path.Moreover, we design a packet allocation algorithm based on optimization to minimize the delivery time of blocks.The performance of Aero MTP is evaluated through OMNe T++ simulations under a variety of test scenarios.Simulations demonstrate that Aero MTP is of great potential to be applied to ANs.