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1.
  总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
The current lunar exploration has changed from a single scientific exploration to science and resource utilization. On the basis of the previous lunar exploration, Chinese scientists and technical experts have proposed an overall plan to preliminarily build a lunar research station on the lunar South Pole by several missions before 2035, exploring of the moon, as well as the use of lunar platforms and in-site utilization of resources. In addition, China will also explore Mars, asteroids and Jupiter and its moons. This paper briefly introduces the ideas of Chinese scientists and technical experts on the lunar and deep space exploration.  相似文献   

2.
2021年中国提出与相关国家、国际组织和国际合作伙伴共同开展国际月球科研站建设的建议, 引起多方广泛关注, 国际月球科研站工程建设按计划顺利推进. 国际月球科研站建设完成后, 与中国地面控制中心间保持全时无缝通信将是重要需求. 中国地面深空测控网设立的国外站, 长期来看可能存在一定风险, 例如降低中国地面深空测控网的可用性, 影响国际月球科研站与地面控制中心间的全时通信. 为此, 根据中国对月探测现状, 借鉴天链中继卫星系统的设计、建设、应用、发展实际, 提出一个“鹊桥–天链”星星双中继通信设想. 从几何可见性角度进行多种条件的覆盖仿真分析, 并从传输体制、链路设计、系统组成、捕获跟踪、工作流程、整体定位等多方面进行研究分析, 初步完成了基于星星双中继的国际月球科研站全时无缝通信研究. 在地面控制中心统一控制下, 通过地面深空测控网、星星双中继的综合利用, 国际月球科研站与地面控制中心间的全时无缝通信将具备完全实现的技术基础. 此外, 该设想也可为地月空间、行星际探测的其他航天器通信提供借鉴, 并可进一步促进中国地基测控网、天基测控网和深空测控网的融合发展.  相似文献   

3.
水冰作为月球的重要资源,是未来月球科研站以及月球基地建设和运行的基本保障,开展月球水冰资源综合开发技术研究是目前各航天大国的关注热点之一。本文调研了有关月球水冰的探测和研究成果,阐述了月球水冰的赋存状态与分布特征,详细分析了月球水冰资源在开采提取、分离纯化、储存运输和分解利用等环节的技术方案,并简要评述了各个方案的优缺点。结合中国未来国际月球科研站的建设规划与美国以建立月球基地为目标的阿尔忒弥斯(Artemis)计划,评价分析了适宜开展月球水冰资源综合开发的地区和可行的技术方案,为中国在月球两极地区的水冰资源开发利用方案提供参考。  相似文献   

4.
提出了一种原位探测月表电场的新技术及相应计算方法, 以满足探测南极月面电场环境特性的需求. 根据仿真结果, 月表电场精细测量需要低能散、高电流的平行电子束发射能力, 设计的低能层流电子枪在10–8~10–5 A的发射电流下, 能散<0.4 eV, 且随发射电流减弱而降低; 通过控制发射电流、调整阳极孔径, 可对电流进行调控; 采用pierce电子枪的阴阳极结构和静电透镜对电子束的平行度进行进一步控制, 仿真显示10–7 A电子束的扩散效果较弱, 各方面性能符合探测需求. 此外, 构建通过电子束返回时间测量垂直电场的探测方式, 模拟验证月表光照区向上发射电子束时相应的电场计算结果可反映背景电场, 返回电子式月表电场探测技术达到了执行月表电场测量所需的要求.  相似文献   

5.
    
More than 50 years of space exploration has not only satisfied human curiosity and built up international cooperation, but also improved life on Earth. Space exploration is an open-ended process which started 50 years ago. It enables access to unknown terrains with robots and humans, thereby opening new frontiers. Progress of goal deep space exploration was reviewed. China's current deep space missions are also briefly introduced. Focused on the vision and voyages for China's deep space exploration in 5 or 10 years. Like the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (CLEP), we embark on a journey to Mars. We will spend few decades on Mars with the robotic explorers. Unlike CLEP, scientists proposed to build Moon research station by 2030.  相似文献   

6.
月球表面元素含量的定量分析方法   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
综述了月球元素定量研究在探测手段和定量方法等方面取得的最新进展.在探测手段方面,介绍了美国最近发射的克莱门汀和月球勘探者探测器使用的多谱段成像仪、中子探测仪以及γ谱仪的主要性能.在定量方法方面,讨论Fe、Ti以及稀土元素等在定量方法上的进展.  相似文献   

7.
基于X射线脉冲星的深空探测自主导航方法   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
自主导航是实现深空探测任务的关键技术,基于X射线脉冲星的导航方法可靠、稳定、精度高,不受近地空间的限制,为深空自主导航提供了全新的思路。文章分析了X射线脉冲星导航的基本原理,提出了脉冲到达时间预报算法和整周模糊度求解方法,基于最小二乘理论研究了位置估计算法。仿真算例表明该方法在脉冲星方位误差为0.001弧秒、脉冲到达时间测量误差为1μs的情况下,140d飞行时间中定位精度优于10km,且对初始误差不敏感,可以满足深空探测的导航需要。  相似文献   

8.
    
For extrasolar space exploration it might be very convenient to take advantage of space environmental effects such as solar radiation heating to accelerate a solar sail coated by materials that undergo thermal desorption at a particular temperature. Thermal desorption can provide additional thrust as heating liberates atoms, embedded on the surface of the solar sail. We are considering orbital dynamics of a solar sail coated with materials that undergo thermal desorption at a specific temperature, as a result of heating by solar radiation at a particular heliocentric distance, and focus on two scenarios that only differ in the way the sail approaches the Sun. For each scenario once the perihelion is reached, the sail coat undergoes thermal desorption. When the desorption process ends, the sail then escapes the Solar System having the conventional acceleration due to solar radiation pressure. We study the dependence of a cruise speed of a solar sail on perihelion of the orbit where the solar sail is deployed. The following scenarios are considered and analyzed: (1) Hohmann transfer plus thermal desorption. In this scenario the sail would be carried as a payload to the perihelion with a conventional propulsion system by a Hohmann transfer from Earth’s orbit to an orbit very close to the Sun and then be deployed. Our calculations show that the cruise speed of the solar sail varies from 173?km/s to 325?km/s that corresponds to perihelion 0.3?AU and 0.1 AU, respectively. (2) Elliptical transfer plus Slingshot plus thermal desorption. In this scenario the transfer occurs from Earth’s orbit to Jupiter’s orbit; then a Jupiter’s fly-by leads to the orbit close to the Sun, where the sail is deployed and thermal desorption comes active. In this case the cruise speed of the solar sail varies from 187?km/s to 331?km/s depending on the perihelion of the orbit. Our study analyses and compares the different scenarios in which thermal desorption comes beside traditional propulsion systems for extrasolar space exploration.  相似文献   

9.
月尘环境效应及地面模拟技术   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
介绍了月球尘的特点及其对探月活动的影响。在分析月球尘环境及其对月面探测器污染、磨损、阻塞、静电效应的基础上,对月球尘环境模拟技术、月球尘扬尘及其运动学和动力学规律、月球尘效应防护及试验评价方法等研究方向和重点提出了一些初步看法。针对研究内容的需求,梳理出一台完整的月球尘地面模拟试验设备应具备真空、温度、太阳风、太阳紫外、月球尘、月面电场、月面磁场等环境因素。在此基础上,设计了一种月球尘地面模拟试验装置方案,并对月球尘环境效应试验方法进行了初步讨论。为月球探测后期任务条件保障建设及相关研究工作提供参考。  相似文献   

10.
In accordance with its charter, the International Lunar Exploration Working Group (ILEWG) reports to COSPAR, and a summary was given at the Beijing COSPAR 2006 Assembly on ILEWG activities conducted since the previous COSPAR 2004 assembly held in Paris. This included reports from the 6th and 7th ILEWG International Conference on Exploration and Utilization of the Moon, held respectively in Udaipur, India on 22–26 November 2004 (ICEUM6) and in Toronto, Canada on 18–23 September 2005 (ICEUM7). We give in this issue of Advances in Space Research the “lunar declarations” from these ICEUM conferences, as well as for the ICEUM8 conference held in Beijing immediately after the 2006 COSPAR Assembly. One year after the COSPAR Beijing assembly, the 9th ILEWG International Conference on Exploration and Utilization of the Moon (ICEUM9), was held in Sorrento, Italy on 18–23 September 2007. We report also in this issue the “Sorrento Lunar Declaration” in advance of the ILEWG formal report to be given at the COSPAR Assembly to be held in Montreal, Canada in July 2008.  相似文献   

11.
The upcoming fleet of lunar missions, and the announcement of new lunar exploration initiatives, show an exciting “Journey to the Moon”, covering recent results, science, future robotic and human exploration. We review some of the questions, findings and perspectives given in the papers included in this issue of Advances in Space Research.  相似文献   

12.
深空测控通信是实施深空探测的关键技术, 萤火一号探测器是中国第一个深空探测器. 本文介绍了深空测控通信的特点、存在的技术困难及需要攻克的关键技术, 描述了萤火一号火星探测器的测控通信技术方案及星载测控设备的功能分配, 给出了星载测控设备的基本配置情况及主要技术指标. 萤火一号探测器的测控和数传采用一体化设计方案, 在10 kg重量约束条件下, 实现了上行遥控通道及下行遥测通道, 具备科学数据传输通道及测定轨信号发送的功能, 而且每个通道均具有冗余备份设备.   相似文献   

13.
深空探测对探测器有效载荷电子学及数管的轻小型化和自主能力提出了更高要求.将各载荷电子学与传统的载荷数管集成一体化设计,构建新型高度集成的载荷数管体系结构,可以实现资源集约利用,提高信息融合能力,利于实施自主管理.本文介绍了嫦娥系列探测器载荷电子学及数管设计的现状;提出两种新型一体化载荷数管体系结构,其中第一种低成本集成化方案已应用在中国首次火星探测任务中;通过对未来深空探测载荷数管的技术需求进行分析,对载荷数管发展趋势进行了展望.  相似文献   

14.
The Japanese lunar mission SELENE: Science goals and present status   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The Japanese lunar mission SELENE (SELenological and ENgineering Explorer) has been in development to target launch scheduled 2007 summer by H-IIA rocket. The SELENE is starting final integration test after SAR (System Acceptance Review), SRR (System Reliability Review) and instrument environment test. The SELENE is a remote-sensing mission orbiting 100 km altitude of the Moon for nominal one year and extended some months to collect the data for studying the origin and evolution of the Moon. Fourteen instruments and experiment systems are preparing for studies of the Moon, in the Moon, and from the Moon; global element and mineral compositions, topological structure, gravity field of whole moon, and electromagnetic and particle environment of the Moon. The new data center SOAC (SELENE Operation and data Analysis Center) are completed to construct in JAXA Sagamihara campus, and end-to-end test will be carried out between SOAC and data downlink stations.  相似文献   

15.
    
Doppler frequency estimation with high accuracy is very important for precise orbit determination and scientific studies in deep space exploration. In this paper, we propose a new method which implements cross correlation of only received signals from one single station to estimate Doppler frequency. The algorithm is relatively simple and it can achieve high accuracy even when signal to noise ratio (SNR) is very low. Moreover, the accuracy can be further improved by implementing frequency compensation, especially when the frequency dynamic range is high. Simulations were performed and results proved the validity of this method. X-band observations on MEX (Mars Express) and Juno were performed by a 13 m telescope of Wuhan University, which was equipped by two back ends, i.e. CDAS (Chinese Data Acquisition System) and RSR (Radio Science Receiver). Raw data recorded by the CDAS were processed by using the proposed method, and the estimated frequencies were in good agreement with the real time frequency estimation values by the RSR. What’s more, the accuracy by using cross correlation was higher than the one of RSR.  相似文献   

16.
一种基于纯天文观测的火星车自主导航方法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
提出了一种基于纯天文观测的火星车自主天文导航新方法.该方法仅需利用由星敏感器视场内测量得到的火星卫星(火卫一、火卫二)和某一恒星之间的星光角距,结合火星车的运动模型,通过Unscented粒子滤波方法,即可获得高精度的火星车实时位置信息.计算机仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性,同时对几个关键的精度影响因素进行了仿真分析.  相似文献   

17.
圆型限制性三体问题模型忽略了摄动因素的影响,在很多情况下不能足够准确地描述三体系统的动力学性质。本文研究了考虑摄动影响的三体问题的动力学性质及其轨道设计。首先分析了运行在平动点附近的卫星所受的主要摄动因素;然后从系统在惯性坐标系中的动力学方程出发,推导了会合坐标系中考虑偏心率、第四体引力以及太阳光压摄动影响的一般动力学方程;最后使用两层微分修正方法将圆型限制性三体问题模型下设计的轨道转换到受摄三体问题模型下。  相似文献   

18.
    
The purpose of this study was to establish, on a first principles basis, the order of magnitude of energy requirements for a thermally processed, lunar regolith radiation shield constructed using an in-situ resource utilisation (ISRU) approach. This was done by developing a reference scenario habitat and using thermodynamic relationships and specific heat capacity expressions to determine the energy required to bring such a regolith volume up to sintering temperatures (c. 1,375 K). Once the energy requirements were developed some power system architectures were outlined conceptually and a nuclear power plant of c. 400 kW was suggested as a means to supply the necessary energy. This is well beyond current space nuclear applications. The study concludes that it is likely that the most efficient near-term solution is chemical processing of regolith, from an energy requirements perspective. The technology is also more mature and likely to be delivered on near term projects as it does not require such scaled-up power system architectures. Alternatively, bringing storm shelters up with the habitat to provide a means of weathering major solar events, and adding additional radiation protection to habitat quarters, possibly through a water blanket or similar mechanism, could provide a non-ISRU solution with current technology. However, in the longer term, the development of MW-scale power system architectures (fission, solar etc.), may permit a very large volume of material to be processed thermally for construction material, making a large, permanent human presence on the Moon more easily realisable.  相似文献   

19.
In this presentation, technological progress for China's microwave remote sensing is introduced. New developments of the microwave remote sensing instruments for China's lunar exploration satellite (Chang'E-1), meteorological satellite FY-3 and ocean dynamic measurement satellite (HY-2) are reported.  相似文献   

20.
行星借力技术是减小星际探测任务发射能量的有效途径,传统的行星借力模型不能保证探测器借力前后的速度矢量转角达到理想要求。为此,进行了行星借力建模,并基于该模型,推导了探测器飞出借力天体影响球的双曲线超速矢量。针对轨道设计参数的强耦合性,提出了一种全局-局部混合搜索算法,并对地球-金星-地球-火星-木星转移轨道进行了设计。仿真结果验证了轨道模型的正确性和有效性,表明该文方法可以有效地对多次行星借力轨道进行设计。  相似文献   

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