输流管的参数共振及共振响应的数值模拟与分析

研究了两端铰支输流管道在脉动内流作用下的参数共振问题。用数值方法分析了各种参数共振的响应曲线，其存在区域以及响应频率与脉动流频率之间的关系。研究结果发现，组合共振区域内发生两种不同的拟周期运动和组合周期运动。而且第一振型次谐波共振曲线延伸到组合共振区域。因此，在同一脉动频率下存在可发生多种不同运动的参数区域。     

Pattern control for large-scale spacecraft swarms in elliptic orbits via density fields

Space swarms, enabled by the miniaturization of spacecraft, have the potential capability to lower costs, increase efficiencies, and broaden the horizons of space missions. The formation control problem of large-scale spacecraft swarms flying around an elliptic orbit is considered. The objective is to drive the entire formation to produce a specified spatial pattern. The relative motion between agents becomes complicated as the number of agents increases. Hence, a density-based method is adopted...     

Three-dimensional analysis of relationship between relative orientation and motion modes

Target motion modes have a close relationship with the relative orientation of missile-totarget in three-dimensional highly maneuvering target interception. From the perspective of relationship between the sensor coordinate system and the target body coordinate system, a basic model of sensor is stated and the definition of relative angular velocity between the two coordinate systems is introduced firstly. Then, the three-dimensional analytic expressions of relative angular velocity for different motion modes are derived and simplified by analyzing the influences of target centroid motion, rotation around centroid and relative motion. Finally, the relationships of the relative angular velocity directions and values with motion modes are discussed. Simulation results validate the rationality of the theoretical analysis. It is demonstrated that there are significant differences of the relative orientation in different motion modes which include luxuriant information about motion modes. The conclusions are significant for the research of motion mode identification,maneuver detection, maneuvering target tracking and interception using target signatures.     

考虑中介轴承波纹度的双转子系统的非线性振动

针对考虑中介轴承波纹度的双转子模型,应用转子动力学理论和拉格朗日方程建立系统的运动方程,采用数值方法求得系统的非线性振动响应,并分析了转速、波纹度最大幅值、波纹度波数和波纹度初始幅值对系统动力学行为的影响规律.结果表明:波纹度对高、低压转子动力学行为的影响规律基本一致,随着转速的增加,高、低压转子的运动表现为周期运动与非周期运动交替变化,在较低转速区可能发生概周期及混沌运动.随着波纹度最大幅值的增大,系统可由周期运动演化为周期2运动、概周期运动及周期4运动,表明波纹度最大幅值增大时不利于系统的安全平稳.当波数为滚动体数的整数倍时,系统可能出现概周期及混沌等复杂非周期运动.随着波纹度初始幅值的增大,系统表现为概周期运动与混沌运动交替出现,但波纹度初始幅值相对较大时转子系统的振动幅值相对较小.      

基于最优解析解的运载火箭大气层外自适应迭代制导方法

随着空间发射任务的多样化和复杂化,为了满足运载火箭的机动性、灵活性以及卫星高精度人轨的要求,需要研究制导精度更高、适应能力更强的自适应制导方法.本文总结了运载火箭大气层外最优轨迹的解析解;基于牛顿迭代法,研究了一种不同于以往迭代制导思想、适用于大姿态角范围的迭代制导方法,并推导了其雅可比矩阵的解析式;最后对该迭代制导方...     

Control of spacecraft turns in scheduled time using rocket engines

We obtained an on-off control law for two spacecraft (SC) rocket engines creating the angular acceleration in the opposite directions considering that SC is controlled by the rocket engines with an exponential increase of thrust at starting and decrease at shutdown. This control law provides the change-over of SC from the initial angular position to the final one in the scheduled time. A special trajectory consisting of eight typical segments is proposed to identify the angular acceleration and delay of its formation in the rocket engines. Both problems are solved by the method of analytical construction of composite trajectories for the angular turn from the typical segments on which the differential equations of angular motion have analytical solutions. The results are applicable for the development of promising space interceptors and design of onboard control systems.     

径向简谐激励下航空发动机机匣的振动分析

根据航空发动机机匣薄壁结构的几何特征,将机匣简化为一端简支一端固支的圆柱壳结构,建立了系统的动力学方程,并采用多尺度法对动力学方程进行了求解,进而研究了径向简谐激励下机匣动力学方程的零解及非零解的稳定性,并讨论了系统单模态运动发展到复合模态运动以及能量在模态之间的转移过程,最后采用数值方法研究了径向简谐激励下机匣的振动特性.结果表明:随着径向简谐激励的增加,系统表现为周期运动、倍周期运动及混沌运动交替出现.      

对失控航天器在轨服务的自适应滑模控制器设计

为实现对自由翻滚的失控目标航天器进行在轨服务,基于二阶滑模控制算法设计了相对位置与姿态耦合的自适应控制器。考虑相对转动对相对平动的耦合作用,建立了两航天器对接端口间相对位置与姿态耦合的动力学模型,并在此基础上设计了自适应Super twisting控制器,以减弱已知界限的有界干扰所产生的震颤效应,使闭环系统在有限时间内收敛到平衡点。利用李雅普诺夫方法证明了有界干扰下的闭环系统稳定性,并对收敛时间的上界进行了估计。仿真结果表明,与Super twisting算法相比,所设计的自适应二阶滑模控制器对参数不确定性及线性增长有界干扰具有较强的鲁棒性,且控制精度满足在轨服务的任务需求。     

航天器相对运动的运动学模型研究

采用运动学方法研究航天器的相对运动.通过对无摄精确相对运动模型的简化,推导了以纬度幅角和平近点角为变量的无摄相对运动方程,并以此模型为基础建立了J2摄动下的相对运动模型,进行了相对轨道的仿真以及模型分析.仿真结果表明,运动学方法能给出较精确的相对运动方程,并且考虑摄动时,采用运动学描述比较简单.     

Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Spacecraft Formation Flying

This paper considers the problem of relative motion control for spacecraft formation flying (SFF). Using terminal sliding mode technique, a relative position/velocity tracking control based on the nonlinear model is developed. The presented controller enables rapid formation reconfiguration with feasible fuel cost and strong robustness in the presence of uncertain but bounded disturbances. A nonlinear model with J₂ disturbance and bounded uncertainties is used for dynamic simulation.     

求解输流管道动态响应问题的一种有效方法

研究了两端铰支输流管道在脉动内流作用下的参数共振问题。根据数值分析中发现的参数共振响应特性,给出了第一和第二振型运动相互解耦的控制方程,并用谐波平衡法导出了参数共振响应曲线的近似解析解。算例表明,第一振型近似解与数值解吻合得很好,而第二振型解在共振点附近与数值解略有差距,但二者的整体走向完全相同。     

A relative navigation system for formation flight

A relative navigation system based on both the Inertial Navigation System (INS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS) is developed to support situational awareness during formation flight. The architecture of the system requires an INS/GPS integration across two aircraft via a data link. A fault-tolerant federated filter is used to estimate the relative INS errors based on relative GPS measurements and a range measurement obtained from the data link. The filter is constructed based on a reduced-order model of the relative INS error process. A method for analyzing the filter performance is presented. A case involving two helicopters in formation flight is studied under three different night trajectories to account for the effect of vehicle motion on the INS state transition matrix. The results of the covariance analysis are compared with actual night results over an instrumented test range.     

两端铰支输流管道在脉动内流作用下的稳定性和参数共振

 研究了两端铰支输流管道在脉动内流作用下的参数共振问题。用平均法导出了失稳判据和3 种参数共振区域的边界曲线方程,并据此讨论了系统参数对不稳定区域的影响。用数值方法分析了各种参数共振的响应曲线,其存在区域以及响应频率与脉动流频率之间的关系。研究结果发现,组合共振区域内发生两种不同的拟周期运动和组合周期运动, 而且第1 振型次谐波共振曲线延伸到组合共振区域。因此,在同一脉动频率下存在可发生多种不同运动(第1 振型次谐波振动、拟周期振动和组合周期振动等) 的参数区域。     

Time-varying linear control for tiltrotor aircraft

Tiltrotor aircraft have three flight modes: helicopter mode, airplane mode, and transition mode. A tiltrotor has characteristics of highly nonlinear, time-varying flight dynamics and inertial/control couplings in its transition mode. It can transit from the helicopter mode to the airplane mode by tilting its nacelles, and an effective controller is crucial to accomplish tilting transition missions. Longitudinal dynamic characteristics of the tiltrotor are described by a nonlinear Lagrange-form model, which takes into account inertial/control couplings and aerodynamic interferences. Reference commands for airspeed velocity and attitude in the transition mode are calculated dynamically by visiting a command library which is founded in advance by analyzing the flight envelope of the tiltrotor. A Time-Varying Linear (TVL) model is obtained using a Taylor-expansion based online linearization technique from the nonlinear model. Subsequently, based on an optimal control concept, an online optimization based control method with input constraints considered is proposed. To validate the proposed control method, three typical tilting transition missions are simulated using the nonlinear model of XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft. Simulation results show that the controller can be used to control the tiltrotor throughout its operating envelop which includes a transition flight, and can also deal with vertical gust disturbances.     

深空探测器定位在共线平动点附近的线性策略

深空探测器需要定位在日-地(月)系的共线平动点L1或L2附近执行探测任务,但由于共线平动点的不稳定性,必须在运行期间进行轨控。对于条件周期轨道(如晕轨道)必须在控制过程中考虑高次项,控制条件复杂,技术上实现相对困难。而某些探测任务,探测器定位在共线平动点附近的条件拟周期轨道(对应L issajous轨道)上亦可以。这种类型的轨道可以离共线平动点较近,那么只需要在控制过程中考虑线性项即可,控制条件简单。以圆型限制性三体问题作为基本模型,采用预估-校正法逼近线性化模型下的目标轨道,给出在轨运行期间的轨控策略亦是可取的,这种控制措施相对而言较简单,容易实现。仿真计算结果表明是可行的,能够提供较高的位置精度。     

Helicopter maritime search area planning based on a minimum bounding rectangle and K-means clustering

Helicopters are widely used in maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) missions. To ensure the success of SAR missions, search areas need to be carefully planned. With the development of computer technology and weather forecast technology, the survivors’ drift trajectories can be predicted more precisely, which strongly supports the planning of search areas for the rescue helicopter. However, the methods used to determine the search area based on the predicted drift trajectories are mainly derived from the continuous expansion of the area with the highest Probability of Containment (POC), which may lead to local optimal solutions and a decrease in the Probability of Success (POS), especially when there are several subareas with a high POC. To address this problem, this paper proposes a method based on a Minimum Bounding Rectangle and K-means clustering (MBRK). A silhouette coefficient is adopted to analyze the distribution of the survivors’ probable locations, which are divided into multiple clusters with K-means clustering. Then, probability maps are generated based on the minimum bounding rectangle of each cluster. By adding or subtracting one row or column of cells or shifting the planned search area, 12 search methods are used to generate the optimal search area starting from the cell with the highest POC in each probability map. Taking a real case as an example, the simulation experiment results show that the POS values obtained by the MBRK method are higher than those obtained by other methods, which proves that the MBRK method can effectively support the planning of search areas and that K-means clustering improves the POS of search plans.     

火星自然卫星分析历表的建立

为了解环火星探测器的运动规律,就要构造环火星探测器的轨道分析解,这会涉及2个火星自然卫星的分析历表,因而需要首先构造它们的轨道分析解。由于火星与地球类似,参照建立人造地球卫星轨道摄动解的方法,构造火星自然卫星轨道的摄动分析解,分离出短周期项,即可给出所需要的历表计算公式。将其与JPL网站上提供的历表进行比对,结果表明,所采用的数学模型以及构造轨道摄动解的方法均有效,能够达到期望的精度。     

高速颤振模型设计中颤振主要模态的判断

颤振模型设计时难以实现完全的动力学相似,需要对颤振主要模态进行合理选择。采用数值分析方法,对颤振模型设计时主要模态的选取问题进行研究。通过各阶模态振型下气动刚度系数的比较、指定运动形式下广义非定常气动力的计算和不同模态截断下颤振结果的收敛特性分析,研究了颤振分析时不同模态运动之间的相互影响,对模态运动引起的气动力和颤振特性变化进行评估。以高超翼面模型为研究对象的数值算例结果表明,几种分析方法所判断的颤振主要模态基本一致。其中基于振型的广义气动刚度系数参数,避免了非定常气动力的计算,可作为颤振模型设计或颤振分析时主要模态选取的快速判断方法。     

A composite control scheme for attitude maneuvering and elastic mode stabilization of flexible spacecraft with measurable output feedback

This paper treats the question of attitude maneuver control and elastic mode stabilization of a flexible spacecraft based on adaptive sliding mode theory and active vibration control technique using piezoelectric materials. More precisely, a modified positive position feedback (PPF) scheme is developed to design the PPF compensator gains in a more systematical way to stabilize the vibration modes in the inner loop, in which a cost function is introduced to be minimized by the feedback gains subject to the stability criterion at the same time. Based on adaptive sliding mode control theory, a discontinuous attitude control law is derived to achieve the desired position of the spacecraft, taking explicitly into account the mismatched perturbation and actuator constraints. In the attitude control law, an adaptive mechanism is also embedded such that the unknown upper bound of perturbation is automatically adapted. Once the controlled attitude control system reaches the switching hyperplane, the state variables can be driven into a small bounded region. An additional attractive feature of the attitude control method is that the structure of the controller is independent of the elastic mode dynamics of the spacecraft, since in practice the measurement of flexible modes is not easy or feasible. The proposed control strategy has been implemented on a flexible spacecraft. Both analytical and numerical results are presented to show the theoretical and practical merit of this approach.     

气动弹性剪裁中的响应值敏度

进行了一种用解析方法求气动弹性剪裁中的结构响应值敏度的研究。推导了结构的气动弹性响应(位移,振动形态和频率,静气动弹性效率和发散,颤振 )对设计变量导数的封闭解析表达式。设计变量可包含复合材料结构的铺层方向角。广义气动力导数计及正交振动形态导数的影响。经实例验算,所求得的敏度,与差分法相比,数值上吻合得很好。此方法已成功地应用于 CAE倡导发展的结构优化设计程序系统。