Rotating machinery fault diagnosis based on convolutional neural network and infrared thermal imaging

Rotating machinery is widely applied in industrial applications. Fault diagnosis of rotating machinery is vital in manufacturing system, which can prevent catastrophic failure and reduce financial losses. Recently, Deep Learning (DL)-based fault diagnosis method becomes a hot topic. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is an effective DL method to extract the features of raw data automatically. This paper develops a fault diagnosis method using CNN for InfRared Thermal (IRT) image. First, IRT technique is utilized to capture the IRT images of rotating machinery. Second, the CNN is applied to extract fault features from the IRT images. In the end, the obtained features are fed into the Softmax Regression (SR) classifier for fault pattern identification. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using two different experimental data. Results show that the proposed method has a superior performance in identification various faults on rotor and bearings comparing with other deep learning models and traditional vibration-based method.     

Continual learning fault diagnosis:A dual-branch adaptive aggregation residual network for fault diagnosis with machine increments

As a data-driven approach, Deep Learning(DL)-based fault diagnosis methods need to collect the relatively comprehensive data on machine fault types to achieve satisfactory performance. A mechanical system may include multiple submachines in the real-world. During condition monitoring of a mechanical system, fault data are distributed in a continuous flow of constantly generated information and new faults will inevitably occur in unconsidered submachines, which are also called machine increments....     

Source free unsupervised domain adaptation for electro-mechanical actuator fault diagnosis

A common necessity for prior unsupervised domain adaptation methods that can improve the domain adaptation in unlabeled target domain dataset is access to source domain dataset and target domain dataset simultaneously. However, data privacy makes it not always possible to access source domain dataset and target domain dataset in actual industrial equipment simultaneously, especially for aviation component like Electro-Mechanical Actuator (EMA) whose dataset are often not shareable due to the data copyright and confidentiality. To address this problem, this paper proposes a source free unsupervised domain adaptation framework for EMA fault diagnosis. The proposed framework is a combination of feature network and classifier. Firstly, source domain datasets are only applied to train a source model. Secondly, the well-trained source model is transferred to target domain and classifier is frozen based on source domain hypothesis. Thirdly, nearest centroid filtering is introduced to filter the reliable pseudo labels for unlabeled target domain dataset, and finally, supervised learning and pseudo label clustering are applied to fine-tune the transferred model. In comparison with several traditional unsupervised domain adaptation methods, case studies based on low- and high-frequency monitoring signals on EMA indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Semi-supervised gear fault diagnosis using raw vibration signal based on deep learning

In aerospace industry, gears are the most common parts of a mechanical transmission system. Gear pitting faults could cause the transmission system to crash and give rise to safety disaster. It is always a challenging problem to diagnose the gear pitting condition directly through the raw signal of vibration. In this paper, a novel method named augmented deep sparse autoencoder (ADSAE) is proposed. The method can be used to diagnose the gear pitting fault with relatively few raw vibration signal data. This method is mainly based on the theory of pitting fault diagnosis and creatively combines with both data augmentation ideology and the deep sparse autoencoder algorithm for the fault diagnosis of gear wear. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by experiments of six types of gear pitting conditions. The results show that the ADSAE method can effectively increase the network generalization ability and robustness with very high accuracy. This method can effectively diagnose different gear pitting conditions and show the obvious trend according to the severity of gear wear faults. The results obtained by the ADSAE method proposed in this paper are compared with those obtained by other common deep learning methods. This paper provides an important insight into the field of gear fault diagnosis based on deep learning and has a potential practical application value.     

基于RDK-ELM 的航空发动机控制系统故障诊断

为保持较高诊断正确率,缩短训练时间,满足航空发动机故障诊断对于实时性和高诊断率的需求,提出1种对深度核极限学习机的简约改进方法。输入数据中随机选取部分数据作为支持向量,结合深度学习网络的多层结构,完成了对输入样本的特征提取,通过核函数实现了高维空间映射分类。数字仿真表明:算法分类正确率高,训练时间短,可应用于航空发动机控制系统的故障诊断。     

Regression model for civil aero-engine gas path parameter deviation based on deep domain-adaptation with Res-BP neural network

The variations in gas path parameter deviations can fully reflect the healthy state of aero-engine gas path components and units; therefore, airlines usually take them as key parameters for monitoring the aero-engine gas path performance state and conducting fault diagnosis. In the past, the airlines could not obtain deviations autonomously. At present, a data-driven method based on an aero-engine dataset with a large sample size can be utilized to obtain the deviations. However, it is still difficult to utilize aero-engine datasets with small sample sizes to establish regression models for deviations based on deep neural networks. To obtain monitoring autonomy of each aero-engine model, it is crucial to transfer and reuse the relevant knowledge of deviation modelling learned from different aero-engine models. This paper adopts the Residual-Back Propagation Neural Network (Res-BPNN) to deeply extract high-level features and stacks multi-layer Multi-Kernel Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MK-MMD) adaptation layers to map the extracted high-level features to the Reproduce Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) for discrepancy measurement. To further reduce the distribution discrepancy of each aero-engine model, the method of maximizing domain-confusion loss based on an adversarial mechanism is introduced to make the features learned from different domains as close as possible, and then the learned features can be confused. Through the above methods, domain-invariant features can be extracted, and the optimal adaptation effect can be achieved. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by using cruise data from different civil aero-engine models and compared with other transfer learning algorithms.     

基于EMD样本熵-LLTSA的故障特征提取方法

针对振动信号的非线性、非平稳性以及微弱故障特征难以提取的问题,提出了一种基于经验模态分解(EMD)、样本熵和流形学习的故障特征提取方法.该方法将EMD、样本熵和流形学习相结合.首先,利用EMD的自适应多分辨率的特点计算分解得到的IMF(固有模态函数)信号的样本熵,初步提取滚动轴承状态特征值;然后利用流形学习方法对初步的提取的滚动轴承状态特征进行进一步的提取;最后利用支持向量机(SVM)对该特征提取方法进行分类评估,并将该方法运用在滚动轴承故障诊断实验中,实验证明该特征提取方法与基于小波包样本熵的故障诊断方法相比具有很好的聚类性能,且对于SVM的分类结果可达100%,在降低了特征数据的复杂度的同时,增强了故障模式识别的分类性能,具有一定的优越性.     

基于深度卷积网络的SAR图像目标检测识别

在SAR图像解译应用领域,目标的自动检测与识别一直是该领域的研究重点和热点,也是该领域的研究难点。针对SAR图像的目标检测与识别方法一般由滤波、分割、特征提取和目标识别等多个相互独立的步骤组成。复杂的流程不仅限制了SAR图像目标检测识别的效率,多步骤处理也使模型的整体优化难以进行,进而制约了目标检测识别的精度。采用近几年在计算机视觉领域表现突出的深度学习方法来处理SAR图像的目标检测识别问题,通过使用CNN、Fast RCNN以及Faster RCNN等模型对MSTAR SAR公开数据集进行目标识别及目标检测实验,验证了卷积神经网络在SAR图像目标识别领域的有效性及高效性,为后续该领域的进一步研究应用奠定了基础。     

基于卷积门控循环网络的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对许多基于深度学习的滚动轴承故障诊断方法在小样本数据集下诊断性能下降的问题,提出一种基于卷积门控循环神经网络的轴承故障诊断模型。该模型使用两层的卷积网络来从输入信号中提取特征,同时使用tanh函数作为激活函数,且池化层使用大池化核来进行重叠下采样。将所提取得到的高层特征连接到双向门控循环网络。合并循环网络正向和逆向的最后一个状态,并连接一层全连接层进行输出。选用凯斯西储大学的轴承故障数据集来验证模型在小样本数据集下的诊断性能,实验结果表明,相比于其他类型的模型,该模型在仅有20个训练样本的情况下依然保持97%的识别准确率。      

基于卷积双向长短期记忆网络的轴承故障尺寸估计

基于振动监测数据的航空发动机滚动轴承损伤大小识别,对于研究滚动轴承故障演化、故障预测和故障诊断具有重要意义。针对传统模型对先验知识依赖性高、特征提取不充分、故障尺寸训练类别有限等问题,提出了一种基于深度学习的滚动轴承损伤尺寸预计方法,能够对训练过程中未出现的中间尺寸进行准确识别。在经典模型的基础上,搭建了一种深度卷积网络与长短期记忆网络组合模型,该模型可对轴承振动信号的多维特征与时序特征进行充分提取,实现轴承故障的智能和高效诊断。最后,利用滚动轴承加速疲劳试验机,进行了多种转速与损伤尺寸下的滚动轴承故障试验,基于试验数据进行了方法的比较,结果表明,该组合网络的在正常和加噪的情况下预测精度分别达到99.94%和98.67%,较单独的深度卷积网络、长短期记忆网络及其他模型精度更高,比较结果充分表明了本文所提方法的优越性。