基于PD处理技术的雷达弱信号检测方法

针对脉冲跟踪测量雷达普遍存在的远距离弱信号检测能力不足的问题,基于PD（PulseDoppler,脉冲多普勒）雷达的杂波抑制与信号处理技术,提出脉冲雷达中的弱信号检测方法;详细分析了在脉冲跟踪测量雷达中应用PD处理技术的可行性,得出在一定约束条件下,可将PD处理技术运用于脉冲跟踪测量雷达,并提出了具体实现方法;最后,通过数据仿真和脉冲雷达实际测量数据进行验证,结果表明该方法能有效提高信噪比。     

微弱光信号检测技术研究

为减少光电二极管与信号放大电路噪声对微弱光信号检测系统灵敏度的影响,提高检测精度.给出了微弱光信号检测电路噪声模型,并分析了灵敏度与带宽的关系,藉此能得到最佳的灵敏度和带宽组合.经仿真和实验表明该模拟有效,由此搭建的实验平台能测量nW级光功率.     

Bayesian Quickest Signal Detection in a Discrete-Time Observation

This paper deals with the problem of quickest detection of a signal in discrete-time observations where the noise is not necessarily additive. By introducing a new cost function, penalizing the decision delay, in addition to penalizing wrong decisions as in the classical case, a global risk function is derived for use in a Bayesian framework. The minimization of the average risk leads to the optimum Bayesian decision regions, giving the structure of the optimum receiver. Some simplifications for elementary costs and some applications are investigated. The optimum receiver is shown to be a parallel bank of classical optimum filters, each one matched to a particular delay of the signal to be detected. Our approach is shown to apply to the detection of certain changes in a stochastic process.     

Signal Detection Using Bit-Slice Microprocessors

A bit-slice microprocessor configuration is presented which is applicable to implementation of real-time signal detection algorithms. The general hardware configuration and appropriate software functions are described. General algorithms which are of wide utility in signal detection applications are discussed in the context of the defined hardware configuration. To facilitate the presentation and indicate the practicality of this system configuration, the application of the hardware configuration and software techniques to target detection for passively received signals using multiple receive beams is discussed.     

Bandpass Signal Sampling and Coherent Detection

Coherent detectors in radar and communications receivers are generally implemented in the form of two parallel baseband channels which form in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components of a received RF/IF signal. Phase errors of several degrees due to imperfect matching of these separate channels limit the performance achievable from signal processors such as moving target indicators (MTI), coherent integrators, Doppler filters, antenna array processors, and coherent sidelobe cancellers. Thus methods in which a single analog to digital (A/D) converter samples and digitizes the IF signal directly, eliminating the need for IF to baseband conversion, have been of recent interest and are the subject of this paper. To obtain accurate coherent detection from IF samples taken near the Nyquist rate requires interpolation based upon a number of stored samples. An algorithm derived from sampling theory is defined and used to demonstrate accurate reconstruction of the original IF signal from digitized samples. In-phase and quadrature components of the signal are shown to be available from processed samples with demonstrated phase errors less than 0.2°.     

Data Quantization for Narrowband Signal Detection

In automatic radar detection, digital integration of the envelope detector outputs is often used as a good approximation to the optimum. This requires quantizing the envelope detector outputs. In this paper, quantizer structures for narrowband signal detection are considered. Quantizer characteristics are derived to optimize performance as measured by the detector efficacy?an asymptotic performance measure. Asymptotic and finite sample performance results are presented. The results obtained are not limited in their application to Gaussian noise only, although this important case is given specific consideration.     

A Nominator-Selector Two-Stage Signal Detection Scheme

A two-stage approach to computationally efficient signal detection is to nominate candidate signal vectors using a suboptimal, but computationally cheap, detection scheme, and subsequently perform optimal detection on the candidates. Bounds on the detection performance of this approach are presented along with sufficient conditions for optimality. Examples are presented of an optimal and nearly optimal two-stage detection scheme where computational costs are drastically reduced relative to the singli-stage optimal detector.     

时变微弱扩频信号检测

提出了一种解决微弱高动态扩频信号捕获的新方法,利用分数阶域滤波设计了伪码—时频联合匹配滤波的框架,最后进行了相关计算并给出了应用实例。     

工业微机控制系统小信号采集的抗干扰措施

本文简述了工业微机控制系统小信号采集过程中常见的干扰来源,并介绍了一种简便,有效的抗干扰措施。     

自适应神经元在信号检测中的应用

本文对自适应神经元构成的自适应应网进行了分析,对该网络在信号检测中的应用进行了讨论产给出计算机仿真结果。     

Phase-Shift-Keyed Signal Detection with Noisy Reference Signals

This paper derives and graphically illustrates the performance characteristics of Phase-Shift-Keyed communication systems where the receiver's phase reference is noisy and derived from the observed waveform by means of a narrow-band tracking filter (a phase-locked loop). In particular, two phase measurement methods are considered. One method requires the transmission of an auxiliary carrier (in practice, this signal is usually referred to as the sync subcarrier). This carrier is tracked at the receiver by means of a phase-locked loop, and the output of this loop is used as a reference signal for performing a coherent detection. The second method is self-synchronizing in that the reference signal is derived from the modulated data signal by means of a squaring-loop. The statistics (and their properties) of the differenced-correlator outputs are derived and graphically illustrated as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio existing in the tracking filter's loop bandwidth and the signal-to-noise ratio in the data channel. Conclusions of these results as well as design trends are presented.     

Radar Signal Propagation and Detection Through Ice

In this paper we describe the existing and planned radar measurements of the planetary bodies. The dielectric properties of water ice and other potential surface and subsurface materials are discussed, as well as their dependency on temperature and structure. We then evaluate the performance of subsurface sounding radars using these parameters. Finally we describe some laboratory technique to help interpret the radar data, presenting some results obtained using dielectric spectroscopy methods.     

基于特定混沌系统的微弱信号检测仿真研究

在分析了Duffing混沌系统动力特性的基础上,提出了不含系统策动力的混沌检测模型,结合信号的自相关检测技术,利用该检测系统可以实现频率已知但相位未知的正弦信号幅值的检测,仿真实验表明了该方法的有效性。     

BP网络在信号检测中的应用

本文对ＢＰ网络在信号的检测和处理方面的性能进行了分析,对该网络在信号检测中的应用进行了讨论并给出了计算机仿真结果。     

HOPFIELD网络在信号检测和识别中的应用

本文综述了ＨＯＰＦＩＥＬＤ的结构、算法及在信号检测识别的应用,并对离散型ＨＯＰＦＩＥＬＤ网络进行了计算机仿真。     

Parametric Rao Test for Multichannel Adaptive Signal Detection

The parametric Rao test for a multichannel adaptive signal detection problem is derived by modeling the disturbance signal as a multichannel autoregressive (AR) process. Interestingly, the parametric Rao test takes a form identical to that of the recently introduced parametric adaptive matched filter (PAMF) detector for space-time adaptive processing (STAP) in airborne surveillance radar systems and other similar applications. The equivalence offers new insights into the performance and implementation of the PAMF detector. Specifically, the Rao/PAMF detector is asymptotically (for large samples) a parametric generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), due to an asymptotic equivalence between the Rao test and the GLRT. The asymptotic distribution of the Rao test statistic is obtained in closed form, which follows an exponential distribution under the null hypothesis H ₀ and, respectively, a noncentral Chi-squared distribution with two degrees of freedom under the alternative hypothesis H ₁. The noncentrality parameter of the noncentral Chi-squared distribution is determined by the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of a temporal whitening filter. Since the asymptotic distribution under H ₀ is independent of the unknown parameters, the Rao/PAMF asymptotically achieves constant false alarm rate (CFAR). Numerical results show that these results are accurate in predicting the performance of the parametric Rao/PAMF detector even with moderate data support.     

基于检测前跟踪的超视距雷达微弱目标检测方法

天波超视距雷达（over-the-horizonradar,OTHR）通过快速傅立叶变换（FFr）实现相干积累,再利用常规的方法进行目标检测。但这种方法在弱目标、低信噪比的情况下效果并不好。本文提出了一种基于检测前跟踪（track-before-detect,TBD）的OTHR弱目标检测方法,利用数学形态学对每帧弱目标回波信号进行滤波,再通过动态规划方法进行检测。仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效地提高OTHR对弱目标的检测能力,运算效率高,实用性强。     

轴流式压气机旋转失速信号的早期检测

早期检测航空发动机压气机旋转失速信号对于设计一种高效的防喘、消喘控制系统具有重要意义。通过对压气机旋转失速形成、发展、退出过程中压力信号频谱演化特性的分析,提出了一种基于FFT的压气机旋转失速信号检测判据。对某轴流式压气机压力测量信号的分析结果表明,该判据是准确、可靠和快速的,可以用于旋转失速信号的早期检测。     

The Generation of Correlated Weibull Clutter for Signal Detection Problems

A method is discussed for generating Weibull vectors with a desired correlation matrix and specified parameters. Such vectors may represent samples of a correlated clutter signal. The presented method makes use of a suitable nonlinear transformation of random Gaussian vectors with correlated components. Computational aspects of the method are also discussed.