2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊结构ECA评定

基于含缺陷结构断裂评定的COD设计曲线与净截面屈服失效判据,对2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊结构进行了工程临界评定(ECA)。分析了2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头焊核区、热机影响区、热影响区和母材区的临界裂纹尺寸,确定了不同载荷水平下2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊结构的表面缺陷容限,并对特定内压下2219铝合金运载火箭贮箱筒段搅拌摩擦焊纵缝进行了ECA评定,为2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊结构的断裂控制提供了参考。研究结果表明,纵向前进边热影响区为2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头断裂控制的关键区域,特定内压条件下给定的表面缺陷可以接受。     

2524铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊对接工艺

以2524-T3板材作为试验材料,研究了薄板的搅拌摩擦焊对接工艺,优化了对接焊的工艺参数,获得了焊接工艺窗口及最优工艺参数.在最优工艺参数下生产的对接焊件具有良好的质量外观,焊件的变形量和焊缝减薄量极小;焊件的X射线检测结果表明焊件内部质量良好,没有在照片上发现缺陷;金相组织分析显示,焊缝横截面组织均匀致密;焊接接头静力拉伸性能测试结果表明焊缝抗拉强度的平均为397 MPa,为母材抗拉强度的90.4％.     

聚合物与铝合金特异性材料搅拌摩擦焊

聚合物与铝合金异质结构是满足结构性能与轻量化设计双重技术指标的有效途径.搅拌摩擦焊(Friction stir welding,FSW)是以低温和大塑性变形为主要特征的固相焊接技术,基本不受材料的晶体结构和物理化学性能的影响,可实现聚合物与铝合金特异性材料的优质连接.针对焊接参数优化、接头成形、缺陷类型及成因和接头强度...     

铝合金搭接结构的搅拌摩擦焊接技术

阐述了铝合金搭接结构搅拌摩擦焊接基本原理及特点,评述了国内外研究和应用进展,指出采用搅拌摩擦焊接技术制造搭接结构产品是重要的发展方向,展望了后续发展的重点。     

搅拌摩擦焊搅拌头的研究进展

概述了国内外铝合金、镁合金、铜合金、钛合金及钢铁材料等多种合金搅拌摩擦焊用搅拌头的结构设计、材料、磨损失效和寿命等方面的研究进展,对比了各搅拌头的结构设计和材料性能优缺点,分析了搅拌头失效方式和寿命,展望了搅拌头的研究发展趋势。     

革命性的宇航结构件焊接新技术--搅拌摩擦焊

搅拌摩擦焊作为一项革命性的连接技术 ,为宇航制造业轻合金结构的低成本、高效率和高质量连接提供了崭新的方法。本文在介绍搅拌摩擦焊原理、搅拌头、焊接接头、接头性能的基础上 ,叙述了宇航结构件搅拌摩擦焊工艺的试验应用和国内外搅拌摩擦焊设备的研发情况     

搅拌摩擦焊技术研究进展

综述了近十年来国内外搅拌摩擦焊技术的发展概况和最新进展，阐述了搅拌摩擦焊技术的原理和工艺特点及其广泛的工业应用前景，指出开展搅拌摩擦焊技术研究的必要性和紧迫性。     

飞机制造工业中的搅拌摩擦焊研究

基于成本、重量和连接质量上的显著优越性 ,搅拌摩擦焊作为一项新型的革命性的焊接技术 ,越来越受到飞机制造工业的重视。本文总结了目前飞机制造工业中的搅拌摩擦焊研究 ,并对搅拌摩擦焊的原理、特点等进行了详细阐述。     

焊接方式对铝合金搅拌摩擦焊T 型接头性能的影响

采用4种规格的搅拌头进行了2A70-T6铝合金T型接头搅拌摩擦焊试验,并对焊缝横截面进行了观察以及焊缝抗拉强度的测试.结果表明:焊缝中前进侧熔合过渡区的金属变形比返回侧剧烈,焊缝断裂往往发生在前进侧;在相同的焊接参数下,单道焊缝的焊核宽度与抗拉强度随着搅拌针直径的增大而增大,但增大的幅度较小,并列焊的焊缝抗拉强度仅为单道焊缝的93％左右;为了获取相同宽度的焊核,采用加粗搅拌针单道焊比并列焊更具有优势.     

6082铝合金双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊试板温度场研究

采用热电偶测温技术系统测定了6mm6082铝合金双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊试板各特征点的温度变化曲线,分析了双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊过程中焊接试板不同区域的温度场分布特征。双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊搅拌头上、下轴肩同时产热,比传统搅拌摩擦焊产热量大,且热输入方式及试板接触散热条件也有很大不同,因此,其稳定焊接速度较大,从而导致双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊试板温度场分布特征与传统搅拌摩擦焊明显不同。双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊过程分为加速焊接和稳定焊接两个阶段,起始阶段,随着焊接速度的增加,靠近起始端测温点的温度逐渐升高,而远离起始端各测温点的温度升温则非常缓慢,当焊接速度达到较高的稳定焊接速度,搅拌头接近后续各测温点时,其温度值瞬间急剧升高,然后随着搅拌头的远离,温度值逐渐下降。不同区域测温点温度测试结果显示,靠近下轴肩试板测温点的温度高于靠近上轴肩试板、后退侧的温度明显高于前进侧;与单轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接试板相同,距离焊缝越近的位置温度上升和下降的越剧烈,峰值温度越高;焊接速度提高,各测温点的峰值温度依次降低,随着测温点远离焊缝中心,焊接速度对其温度分布的影响作用逐渐减弱。     

钛/铝异质金属搅拌摩擦焊技术研究进展

钛合金和铝合金均具有质轻、比强度高和抗腐蚀性能好等优点,已广泛应用于航空航天、军事工业和公共交通等领域,钛/铝异种金属复合结构的连接逐渐成为研究热点。然而,由于物理和化学性能差异明显,钛/铝焊接难度大,存在成形困难、接头性能较差等问题。搅拌摩擦焊作为一种固相焊接方法,对克服异种材料性能差异带来的焊接困难具有极大的优势。本文综述了钛/铝异质金属搅拌摩擦焊的研究现状,主要涉及焊缝成形、焊接参数、力学特征、冶金结合和连接机制等,以及衍生的搅拌摩擦焊新技术,为钛/铝异质金属结构的轻量化设计提供新思路,并对其未来发展进行了展望。     

AZ31镁合金搅拌摩擦焊接头焊核区域成型过程及影响因素

接头焊核区域的形成是搅拌摩擦焊接的一个典型特征,其形状和大小对搅拌摩擦焊接头的性能有重要影响。以AZ31镁合金为母材,分析不同焊接参数(包括焊接压力、焊接速度、搅拌头倾斜角)条件下搅拌摩擦焊接头焊核成型的规律及特点,并建立焊核成型过程的简单模型。分析认为焊接压力和搅拌头倾斜角是影响焊核成型的重要因素,而焊接压力决定塑性材料的形成。焊核的形状主要由塑性材料的流动状态决定,搅拌头的形状和焊接速度影响塑性材料的流动,从而影响焊核的成型。掌握FSW焊核成型规律,可以选择合理的工艺参数。     

铝合金厚板搅拌摩擦焊焊缝疏松缺陷形成机理

采用圆锥形搅拌头焊接20mm厚的7075-T6铝板,分析焊接过程中焊缝内部疏松缺陷的形成过程及原因。研究表明,焊缝表面成形良好,无明显缺陷。但是,在焊缝轴肩区和焊核区之间出现了疏松缺陷。分析认为,焊缝上、下部金属温度差太大,导致其塑性流动行为发生变化是疏松缺陷形成的主要原因。搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)过程中,焊缝上部金属温度较高,而底部温度仍然很低,脱离搅拌针端部的塑化金属在周围冷金属巨大的变形抗力作用下转而沿搅拌针表面往上迁移。到达轴肩区下方汇聚区时,由于轴肩区金属温度高,向下的挤压力太小,导致回迁上来的塑化金属继续往上迁移并冲破轴肩区而沿轴肩边缘溢出形成飞边。汇聚区内没有足够的塑化金属填充、焊缝无法被压实而产生疏松孔洞。通过建立疏松缺陷形成的物理模型,可以更直观地反映出焊缝金属流动形态及缺陷形成过程。     

Microstructural formation and mechanical performance of friction stir double-riveting welded Al-Cu joints

A novel friction stir double-riveting welding (FSDRW) technology was proposed in order to realize the high-quality joining of upper aluminum (Al) and lower copper (Cu) plates, and this technology employed a Cu column as a rivet and a specially designed welding tool with a large concave-angle shoulder. The formations, interfacial characteristics, mechanical properties and fracture features of Al/Cu FSDRW joints under different rotational velocities and dwell times were investigated. The results showed that the well-formed FSDRW joint was successfully obtained. The cylindrical Cu column was transformed into a double riveting heads structure with a Cu anchor at the top and an Al anchor at the bottom, thereby providing an excellent mechanical interlocking. The defect-free Cu/Cu interface was formed at the lap interface due to the sufficient metallurgical bonding between the Cu column and the Cu plate, thereby effectively inhibiting the propagation of crack from the intermetallic compound layer at the lap interface between the Al and Cu plates. The tensile shear load of joint was increased first and then decreased when the rotational velocity and dwell time of welding tool increased, and the maximum value was 5.52 kN. The FSDRW joint presented a mixed mode of ductile and brittle fractures.     

Improving tensile-shear properties of friction stir lap welded dissimilar Al/Mg joints by eliminating hook defect and controlling interfacial reaction

To improve tensile-shear properties of fiction stir lap welded(FSLW) dissimilar Al/Mg joints, pin-tip profiles were innovatively designed and welding speed was optimized, and effects of them on formation, interface microstructure and mechanical properties of different FSLW joints were investigated. With increasing the welding speed, the tensile-shear load of FSLW joints produced by three pins presents an increasing firstly and then decreasing trend. Compared with Rpin, the hook and hole defect i...     

Through-thickness heterogeneity in creep properties of friction stir welding 7B50-T7451 aluminum alloy thick plate joint: Experiments and modeling

Through-thickness heterogeneity in creep properties of 7B50-T7451 aluminum alloy Friction Stir Welding(FSW) joints was investigated. Creep tests for three slices of the FSW joint were conducted at the temperature of 150–200 °C and applied stress of 60–225 MPa. The theta projection method was used to predict creep curves and minimum creep rate. The results show that the minimum creep rate increases and creep rupture life decreases with the increase of creep temperature and applied stress. Creep p...     

工艺参数对搅拌摩擦焊7022铝合金残余应力及耐磨耐蚀性能的影响

采用不同的焊接参数对10mm厚7022铝合金进行搅拌摩擦焊研究.利用X射线应力分析仪检测焊接试样的残余应力分布;利用摩擦磨损试验机对焊缝试样进行磨损性能研究,并通过三维形貌仪观察其磨损形貌;利用pH=5的Na2SO4溶液对焊接试样进行腐蚀试验,并通过SEM观察其表面腐蚀形貌.结果表明:各参数下焊接试样的残余应力均较小,...     

Effects of traverse speed on weld formation,microstructure and mechanical properties of ZK60 Mg alloy joint by bobbin tool friction stir welding

ZK60B (Mg-6% Zn-0.6% Zr) alloy joints fabricated by bobbin tool friction stir welding (BTFSW) with various traverse speeds were investigated. The sound joint fabricated by the BTFSW was possible under the appropriate welding parameters. The severe plastic deformation during BTFSW resulted in dispersion and segregation of the Zr-rich particles within the stirred zone (SZ) followed by evolution of a bimodal grain structure with distributed bands of 0.8–1.7 μm ultrafine grains and 4.1–7.1 μm equiaxed grains. Micro-hardness of SZ is substantially reduced in contrast to that of parent metal (PM) in spite of the finer grain size owing to dissolution of Mg-Zn based precipitates having hardening effects on alpha-Mg matrix. With the decrease in traverse speed, randomization degree of the plasticized metal flow increases, which is evidenced by the randomized arc line pattern at the low traverse speed. Among all defect-free joints, the 200 mm/min joint exhibits the weakest isotropy of texture within SZ and the best tensile properties, which has reduced ultimate tensile strength and yield strength by 5.4% and by 22.2%, respectively, as compared to the PM. The randomized texture hinders the joint fracturing within SZ at low elongation. Therefore, a relatively high elongation of 10.8% was achieved, which corresponded to 72% of the PM value.     

钯改性镍基高温合金铝化物涂层的组织和热腐蚀性能

以M38合金作基材,先电镀Pd-20wt%Ni合金,再采用传统低温高活性(LTHA)固渗铝工艺,用NaCl作活性剂渗铝制得Pd-Ni-Al涂层。XRD和EPMA分析结果表明,涂层为固溶Ni的β-PdAl单相结构;在900℃Na