三维视景仿真系统的软硬件开发研究

根据三维视景仿真系统的开发要求,利用软硬件相关知识,建立了一套软件与硬件结合的三维视景仿真开发平台,同时介绍了建立此平台所需的一系列开发软件和要求的硬件支持。着重分析了各个软件适用情况和硬件配置作用,以及根据项目选择合适的开发环境。此开发平台具有计算速度快,运行速度快,硬件平台体积小,软硬件结合灵活的优点。仿真试验得到的运行结果和预期目标的对比,表明此开发平台的设计是合理的,效果是达标的,并且对三维视景仿真系统的进一步开发具有一定的指导意义。     

光电经纬仪红外成像跟踪处理器的研究与实现

以高性能数字信号处理器TMS320C6203为核心,结合CPLD（可编程逻辑器件）进行逻辑控制,用FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）进行预处理,设计了实时目标检测和跟踪系统。介绍了实时图像处理系统的硬件组成、工作原理、软件流程,重点分析目标检测算法和系统实时性。该系统被成功用于光电经纬仪红外图像处理系统中,经试验证明,系统对弱小目标的检测、识别和跟踪能力达到实际工程的实时性需求,大大提高了数据采集能力与处理速度,采样精度得到很大提高,完全满足系统设计要求。     

多路激光跟踪干涉仪坐标测量系统的容错设计

介绍容错设计思想在由多路激光干涉仪构成的柔性坐标测量系统中的应用。由于采用了硬件冗余、软件冗余等技术，不但使该测量系统具有自我标定的能力，而且可恢复因测量过程中“丢光”现象而造成的干涉仪丢失的测量数据。并用三路单轴跟踪系统实现了二维坐标测量。     

PAVE PACE: system avionics for the 21st century

The PAVE PACE Initiative has been established to validate system avionics concepts for advanced military aircraft. The author presents the rationale of why the advanced architecture established by the PAVE PILLAR program should be continued under PAVE PACE to achieve: practical and affordable airborne versions of modular parallel processing network architectures for many applications currently beyond real-time implementation, readily available avionics for use in all avionics and, greatly improved techniques to reduce the cost of software development and support. An approach to the overall design structure for future avionics is also presented that entails: the use of CAD (computer-aided design) tools to assist in the development of system, hardware and software requirements, the use of replicated hardware modules (some at the wafer level), the use of reuseable software modules and the use of CAD tools to tailor hardware/software modules for specific application requirements. Continued use of the PAVE PILLAR high-speed data bus and operating system is recommended as the means to integrate and control the data input and output of physically and functionally separate parallel networks     

基于航天测控的实时仿真系统设计

航天器发射试验具有高风险性,而承担航天器测控的测控系统规模庞大、关系复杂,其测控设备、软件的正确性关系到试验成败。仿真技术的广泛应用,使设备、软件的正确性在发射任务前就可以得到充分验证,从而提高发射试验的安全性。以航天器试验任务为背景设计的实时仿真系统,在航天测量船上得到了成功应用,取得了良好的效果。     

多频段多目标海上测控模拟器的设计与实现

介绍了多频段多目标海上测控模拟器的设计和实现方法。在硬件设计上,模拟器采用工控机和工作站架构,数字化可重组基带硬件平台技术,实现了不同频段、不同目标航天器的仿真功能。在软件设计上,采用RS422/232接口双中断驱动技术,实现了遥测和数传的同步;采用软件模块化和数据库融合设计技术,实现了多型号目标航天器的仿真需求。     

Architecture Considerations for Digital Automatic Flight Control Systems

Functional partitioning, redundancy structure, internal communications, and software modularization define the architecture of a digital automatic flight control system (DAFCS). Selection of a suitable system architecture for commercial transports involves such factors as the functional scope, growth provision and flexibility requirements, sensor interfaces, the aircraft's actuator and control surface redundancy, and the dispatch reliability requirements. Trade-offs concerning these various factors are discussed, and it is shown that a very versatile and almost universal DAFCS can be configured to meet the general and peculiar needs associated with each aircraft application. Specific results associated with this system's recent demonstration flights in the DC-10 aircraft, as well as examples from several other transport aircraft applications of the same DAFCS architecture, are used to illustrate the design concepts.     

MILDATA?A Study of Post-1975 Command Control Information Systems

MILDATA was an Army-sponsored exploratory development study in the area of digital computer technology. Its objective was to explore and evaluate new organizational concepts for hardware and software in a tactical command control information system (CCIS) and to develop new measures of effectiveness and methods for evaluating system performance. It was assumed that the MILDATA system would be operational in the field army during the time frame 1975-1985. A unique feature of the MILDATA concept is an unprecedented degree of modularity which provides flexibility to fulfill a wide variety of tactical data processing requirements. This paper supplies necessary background on CCIS requirements and develops modular design criteria. It then summarizes MILDATA study requirements and the general nature of the results obtained and outlines a program of future work. Finally, an attempt is made to systematize the experience gained during MILDATA as an aid to the organization of future exploratory development studies.     

高性能流场并行粒子追踪数据管理系统

随着当下计算能力和存储性能的提升,流场数据产出的规模越来越庞大,针对流场数据的可视化应用对于硬件及软件算法的要求也随之提高。基于国家数值风洞（NNW）工程支持,主导设计并开发了高性能流场并行粒子追踪数据管理系统,帮助用户探索和分析大规模流场数据。该系统针对流场数据提供多种高效的数据管理方法,在超算集群上针对并行粒子追踪过程进行了数据预取优化与负载均衡优化。对于粒子追踪过程中产生的流线（或迹线）及进程工作记录数据,该系统支持用户在本地平台上进行性能诊断和分析。使用不同流场数据集开展的两个应用实例验证了该系统的有效性。     

Rapid Star Tracking Algorithm for Star Sensor

A rapid star tracking algorithm is proposed. In order to speed up the tracking, three techniques includng parallel star centroiding, sorting, and star catalogue partition are designed for three time-consuming portions in tracking algorithms. The parallel star centroiding is implemented with Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) which avoid image storage and transmission. Update rate of star sensor is improved. Sorting star coordinates in star image plane, and then matching, which avoid matching between stars with a long distance in image plane. Star catalogue partition divides the celestial sphere into many small partitions. In star mapping, guide stars are searched in the partitions near the direction of star sensor's boresight is not in the whole celestial sphere and therefore reduced the total number of searched guide stars. The software and hardware performance of tracking algorithms are simulated. Tracking robustness and the tracking speed comparison are tested in the software simulation. In hardware tests, the tracking time in every step is obtained.     

Neural network modeling of flight control system

Modeling of angle tracking systems in the presence of actuator non-linearity such as angle, position and rate limits is a very significant and difficult task in the design and implementation of aircraft, target-tracking, and missile guided systems. A new recurrent neural network with time-delayed inputs and output feedback is used for the modeling of angle tracking systems, with emphasis on the neural network architecture, principles and algorithms. The neural network controller with modeling units for angle tracking is designed by using TMS320C25 processors. For time and size requirements, limited precision technology and look-up table technology are used in the design of the hardware and software systems. Given a set of input commands, the network is trained to control the system within the constraints imposed by actuators. The results show that the proposed networks are able to model the angle tracking system through learning without separate consideration of the non-linearity of actuators     

面向功能的测试设备驱动器设计与实现

在各种定制化测试设备中,由于很多仪器驱动不符合现有的标准,从而降低了测试软件的开发效率和质量。为此,提出了一种面向功能的测试设备驱动器的设计与实现方法。通过对特定类别测试设备所需实现功能的分析,获得了脱离硬件环境的功能项目集合,并建立了规范化的设备驱动接口。在驱动组件的内部,封装了对硬件仪器的控制,并描述了实际测试设备的功能实现。测试设备驱动器为上层软件提供了统一的开发和运行基础,便于测试程序针对这些虚拟化的功能接口进行开发,避免了硬件的差异性对业务逻辑的影响。应用实例表明,该方法提高了测试程序的移植性和开发质量,尤其适用于各种系列化的、含有非标准驱动程序的测试软件的开发。     

Virtual instruments used for LPG pipeline network monitoring

The paper presents a pipeline liquefied petroleum gas network (PLPGN) monitoring system based upon the virtual instrument architecture. Starting from the introduction of development requirements and environment for the monitoring system, the paper discusses its hardware configuration and software functionalities, in detail. Practical application has demonstrated that the virtual instrument-based structure is very effective and the obtained monitoring system is highly flexible.     

基于DSP和FPGA的软件无线电平台研究

从硬件和软件两方面建立了基于DSP和FPGA的软件无线电平台。重点研究了该实验平台多模式数字调制解调的硬件实现结构、软件实现结构和不同模式之间的切换等,充分体现了软件无线电系统的灵活性、开放性和兼容性等特点。     

Flight-critical distributed systems: design considerations [avionics]

With the proliferation of so-called "smart" components and the availability of small, low-cost, and high-speed data networks, avionics that have traditionally been centralized are becoming distributed. A distributed approach offers many potential benefits, such as reduced development time and cost, simplified system installation, increased flexibility for system expansion or modifications, and greater reuse of proven components. The distributed approach can also reduce the risk associated with design errors by splitting complex hardware and software into more manageable components. However, distributed systems also introduce new challenges in meeting real-time deadlines and providing fault tolerance. This paper examines the many design considerations and identifies the strengths and weaknesses of each. Emerging automotive drive-by-wire alternatives are compared for application to aerospace systems. This paper is based on a Draper Laboratory-sponsored effort to look at flight-critical distributed systems and to evaluate emerging hardware and software for building them.     

密封圈功能考核试验系统的设计与应用

介绍了某型号新研密封圈功能考核试验的设计原理及其系统构成;按照系统控制要求设计了以西门子PLC(功能试验)为核心的硬件结构及软件流程图;阐述了国产组态软件——组态王在密封圈试验控制系统中的应用。     

基于资源共享的分布式机载软件测试系统设计

随着装备软件系统的发展,越来越多的硬件功能软件化,装备软件的发展朝着高综合、高集成、一体化的趋势发展。目前航空航天装备软件中,嵌入式软件占据主导地位,相较通用计算机软件,嵌入式软件的测试具有面向特定应用,有实时操作系统支持,运行芯片和平台较为固定,并且需要特定的数字总线资源进行数据注入等特点。尤其对于复杂的,高度综合化模块架构的嵌入式软件系统软件测试,对于测试和验证系统的要求也越来越高,数据采集、数据记录、数据激励、数据监控、数据分析等各种测试和验证系统的需求也使得综合化软件测试验证系统结构越来越复杂,基于分布式架构的软件测试系统已经成为必然趋势。结合嵌入式综合化软件测试系统的功能要求以及测试系统的特点,提出了一种基于对等架构下的分布式测试系统设计,该设计不仅能够满足嵌入式软件运行平台规模的扩展,也能够在分布式架构下实现软件运行平台内部资源的共享。     

基于DSP的固态功率控制器的设计

以提高某型飞机配电系统可靠性及灵活性为目的,设计了一种以DSP为控制内核,以μC/OS-Ⅱ实时嵌入式操作系统为软件平台的固态功率控制器。硬件选择上,系统主控制单元采用TI公司的DSP芯片TMS320F2808;功率开关芯片选用具有自保护功能的BTS724G,以期提高系统可靠性和降低功耗;采用ACS756电流传感器替代传统采样电阻。软件实现上,给出了详细的软件设计思路和系统程序设计。系统调试表明,设计的基于DSP的固态功率控制器很好地满足了负载通断要求,开关准确度和灵敏度比较高。     

Space systems general-purpose processor

The requirements for this processor were established using the experience of the hardware and software designers in the APL Space Department. The use of commercial hardware and software products, combined with an error- and fault-tolerant architecture, resulted in a low-cost design without adversely affecting overall reliability. The processor's architecture and mechanical design, and hardware and software test and validation methods are described.     

Software radios: Survey, critical evaluation and future directions

A software radio is defined as a set of digital signal processing (DSP) primitives, a metalevel system for combining the primitives into communication system functions (transmitter, channel model, receiver, etc.), and a set of target processors on which the software radio is hosted for real-time communications. The performance of enabling hardware technologies is related to software radio requirements, portending a decade of shift from hardware radios toward software intensive approaches. Computational models and architecture are discussed, stressing the need for topological consistency of radio functions and host architectures. A layered topology-oriented design approach encapsulated in a canonical open architecture software radio model is presented. The model provides a unified mathematical framework for quantitative analysis of algorithm structures, host architectures, and system performance for CAD