Assessment of the suitability of public mobile data networks for aircraft telemetry and control purposes

This paper provides a review of the state of the art of relevant work on the use of public mobile data networks for aircraft telemetry and control proposes. Moreover, it describes the characterisation for airborne uses of the public mobile data communication systems known broadly as 3G. The motivation for this study was to explore how this mature public communication systems could be used for aviation purposes. An experimental system was fitted to a light aircraft to record communication latency, line speed, RF level, packet loss and cell tower identifier. Communications was established using internet protocols and connection was made to a local server. The aircraft was flown in both remote and populous areas at altitudes up to 8500 ft in a region located in South East Queensland, Australia. Results show that the average airborne RF levels are better than those on the ground by 21% and in the order of −77 dbm. Latencies were in the order of 500 ms (1/2 the latency of Iridium), an average download speed of 0.48 Mb/s, average uplink speed of 0.85 Mb/s, a packet of information loss of 6.5%. The maximum communication range was also observed to be 70 km from a single cell station. The paper also describes possible limitations and utility of using such communications architecture for both manned and unmanned aircraft systems.     

Neural networks in nonlinear aircraft flight control

This paper describes an approach for incorporating a neural network with real-time learning capability in a flight control architecture. The architecture is also applicable, in general, for the control of processes described by nonlinear differential equations of motion in which there exists a control for each degree of freedom. The main features are that the defining equations of motion for the process to be controlled are poorly known with respect to their functional forms, and that the functional forms, themselves, may undergo sudden and unexpected variation. It is well known that such systems are difficult to control, particularly when the effect of the control action enters nonlinearly. Numerical results based on 6DOF simulations of a high performance aircraft are presented to illustrate the potential benefits of incorporating neural networks as a part of a flight control system architecture     

面向互联飞机的空天地网络一体化融合研

随着数字化技术的发展,民用飞机会在飞行各阶段产生大量数据,这些数据的利用及处理将提升飞机运营的经济性、安全性与舒适性。为了适应未来互联飞机对海量数据交换与传输的迫切需求,满足民用飞机对无线通信服务质量(QoS)的要求,有必要充分利用并合理分配多种现有和未来的空天地无线通信链路资源。分析了互联飞机的概念、生态系统及其对空天地网络的网络需求,研究了地面异构移动互联网采用的紧耦合和松耦合两种融合方法,采用了网络体系融合、IP网络和非IP网络融合及终端融合等多种融合手段,提出了适应于多种通信链路与网络体系特点的一体化空天地无线通信链路的融合架构,并对网络协议栈、网络安全以及集成验证提出了初步考虑。     

Military aircraft fiber optics networks: status & direction

Fiber optics is proving to be an essential transmission medium at data rates of 1 Gigabit per second and above because of advantages relative to copper, including increased distance-bandwidth, reduced weight, and reduced cable volume. Whereas implementation in commercial applications is often straightforward, aerospace applications present a number of challenges due to an environment harsher than exists in the commercial world. In order to meet the future needs of military aircraft, designers will have to choose carefully between a number of component and architectural choices now available. This paper examines current trends in aerospace fiber optics and maps future needs for aerospace.     

A simulator of the aircraft air data system

This paper considers the purpose, principles of construction, algorithms of generating output signals and the functional diagram of a simulator of aircraft air signals that is built based on the vortex sensor of aerodynamic angle and true airspeed.     

无失效数据下航空轴承的可靠性分析

针对某型航空轴承可靠性试验过程中出现的无失效问题,在对轴承寿命分布进行分析的基础上,首先根据多层Bayes法,研究了无失效可靠性试验中的试验分组问题,发现分组数在6~9之间选择时评估效果相对较好,且航空轴承的寿命越长分组数可以越少.其次,分析了多层Bayes法和E-Bayes法的原理和计算过程,通过Monte Carlo仿真,以最佳分组数为基础,发现两种方法的估计结果相差不大,但从可靠度角度综合来看,E-Bayes法相对较优.最后讨论了超先验分布中参数c的选值问题,通过对比分析给出了相对较适合于航空轴承无失效数据分析时的参数值.      

面向全生命周期的飞机产品数据架构技术

为增强产品数据管理能力,提升飞机研发效率和质量,基于构型控制技术和飞机产品数据管理的多年实践,提出了飞机统一产品数据架构(UA-PDA)概念,并依据飞机研制生命周期过程对UA-PDA的分类、组成以及相互之间的关系进行了定义和描述,对架构管理技术和方法也进行了探讨;此项技术研究对于复杂产品研制构建统一产品数据模型,实施产品研制和服务全过程的数据协同和构型控制,具有十分重要的意义。     

卡航单通道客机开通空中短信和互联网服务

卡塔尔航空公司近期与OnAir公司正式宣布签署合作协议:OnAir公司将在卡航所有单通道客机上安装通讯设备,以满足乘客旅途中的商务需求。     

民机CAD/CAE数据融合可视化

为提升民机设计质量以及设计评估效率,提出一种以民机仿真数据可视化引擎为基础,有效融合民机CAD数模的多学科数据融合可视化方法。首先,依靠主流CAD系统对STEP国际标准协议文件格式的支持,在通用的工程仿真数据可视化引擎上搭建解析读取STEP文件的接口,读入的设计数据与相关的仿真数据共同存放在可视化平台场景树结构内,显示于统一的场景;然后,凭借计算机集群并行渲染提高交互可视化帧率,便于工程人员与民机多学科数据实时交互。平台融合了CAD/CAE数据剖切、测量、流线提取等交互可视化分析功能,支持全尺寸立体VR显示,可在多通道沉浸式显示系统开展协同评估。通过相关案例展示与分析了民机多学科数据融合效果,验证了CAD/CAE数据融合可视化平台的可行性和有效性。     

基于人工免疫网络模型的航空发动机传感器故障诊断

提出了一种用于传感器故障诊断的免疫网络,对其结构和特点进行了分析,给出了相应的诊断算法。对传感器典型故障进行了故障诊断仿真,分析了免疫网络能检测出的最小故障偏差水平以及在不同噪声水平下的故障诊断效果。仿真结果表明,所研究的方法能有效检测到故障传感器,并具有良好的灵敏性及抗噪声干扰能力。     

新型通用飞机机载数据记录仪的研究

分析了国内外通用飞机机载数据记录仪的现状,指出我国现有通用飞机机载数据记录仪所存在的不足之处.同时,根据未来通用飞机的发展,深入研究了新型通用飞机机载数据记录仪的功能、特点需求,并且基于模块化思想,提出了新型通用飞机机载数据记录仪的设计思路,给出了新型通用飞机机载数据记录仪的软硬件体系结构,并对其核心模块的功能进行了详细的阐述.最后,简述了新型通用飞机机载数据记录仪的应用.     

高校网络安全防护教育缺失问题分析

随着网络技术的不断发展和广泛使用,网络应用已逐步深入到社会生活的方方面面,网络安全问题也变得越来越重要,所以掌握网络安全防护技术,进行网络安全教育势在必行。本文针对信息时代高校网络安全防护教育的现状及存在的各种问题,分析了网络应用中的安全隐患。探讨了校园网安全防护的各种方法,认为只有网络安全意识和网络安全技术相结合,才能真正的实现安全策略,达到对网络的安全防护,并结合目前比较成熟的网络安全知识,提出了相应的解决方案及应对措施。     

分布式防火墙对内网的安全保护

通过与传统防火墙的对比,简述了分布式防火墙的产生原因、结构、原理、特点及在保护内网安全方面的应用。     

基于贝叶斯网络和共因失效的飞机电源系统可靠性分析

飞机电源系统中的冗余设计提升了飞机系统的可靠性,但同时也增加了共因失效发生的概率。为了准确分析飞机电源系统的可靠性,首先,采取α因子模型对共因失效部件的失效率进行分解计算,并利用贝叶斯网络（BN）建立考虑共因失效的飞机电源系统可靠性模型。然后,对比分析考虑与不考虑冗余部件之间的共因失效因素时飞机电源系统及其子系统的可靠性。结果表明,考虑冗余部件之间的共因失效因素时,得到的飞机电源系统及其子系统可靠度相对于不考虑冗余部件之间的共因失效因素时较低,更加吻合实际情况。     

基于互联网的民航城市值机系统信息安全性研究

随着自助值机系统的不断发展,大大简化了旅客出行时所需办理的繁琐手续,方便了旅客的出行。为了进一步扩大自助值机系统的应用场景．可把自助值机系统的应用范围扩大至旅客所居住的酒店、饭店甚至于大型写字楼等地。这样使旅客能更加快捷、方便地完成原本只能在机场才能完成的值机操作。由于机场自助值机设备所连接的网络均为民航专用网络,而将民航的专用网络部署于安全性相对较差的酒店等非传统民航业务区域．系统成本开销和安全性都得不到有效的保证,正是基于上述的考虑,提出了基于互联网安全的民航城市值机系统解决方案。     

Improving EGT sensing data anomaly detection of aircraft auxiliary power unit

The reliability of the on-wing aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) decides the cost and the comfort of flight to a large degree. The most important function of APU is to help start main engines by providing compressed air. Especially on the condition of sudden shutdown in the air, APU can offer additional thrust for landing. Therefore, its condition monitoring has drawn much attention from the academic and industrial field. Among the on-wing sensing data which can reflect its condition, Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) is one of the most important parameters. To ensure the reliability of EGT, one kind of data-driven anomaly detection framework for EGT sensing data is proposed based on the Gaussian Process Regression and Kernel Principal Component Analysis. The situations of one-dimensional and two-dimensional input data for EGT anomaly detection are considered, respectively. The cross-validation experiments are carried out by utilizing the real condition data of APU, which are provided by China Southern Airlines Company Limited Shenyang Maintenance Base. The anomalous stuck condition of EGT sensing data is also detected. Experimental results show that the proposed EGT sensing data anomaly detection method can achieve better performance of false positive ratio, false negative ratio and accuracy.     

基于实测值的舰载机着舰下沉速度影响性分析

舰载机的着舰下沉速度是起落架设计的重要输入,对起落架和机体的结构重量有很大影响。为了探索舰载机使用环境下各相关参数对下沉速度的影响,基于E-2C的实测着舰数据,将多元统计学的相关分析方法应用到舰载机着舰参数影响性分析,分析了17个着舰参数与着舰下沉速度的相关性。结果表明飞机下滑角、甲板俯仰角与下沉速度呈高度相关,舰上接合速度与下沉速度呈中度相关,这三者对下沉速度有很大影响;并进一步对这4个着舰参数进行非线性回归分析,拟合了E-2C着舰下沉速度的计算式,所得回归模型决定系数为0.991,平均绝对误差为1.66%,拟合效果很好。     

民机试飞测试数据处理分析软件设计开发

测试数据是民机试飞过程中的最终产物,是反映飞机系统状态、表明适航符合性的重要依据。随着大量先进航空总线在民机上的应用,测试数据的体量越发庞大、类型也更为复杂,为测试数据的处理和分析带来了巨大的挑战。对民机试飞测试数据的类型、存储特点和常用分析方法进行了研究,深入分析了试飞测试数据的处理和分析需求,立足于WPF(windows presentation foundation)平台,采用MVVM(Model-View-ViewModel)设计模式,使用了内存管理、DataBinding事件模型、反射等关键技术,集成了SciChart、时序数据库等组件,设计开发了民机试飞测试数据处理分析软件。软件实现了试飞测试数据的快速处理、分析及可视化,可完成多个数据文件的同时加载、进行1 Hz～16 kHz不同采样率下数据分析结果的可视化展示,经实际应用,满足了某国产大型客机的试飞需求。     

基于飞行参数的飞机结构载荷最优回归模型

基于飞行参数获取外场飞机疲劳关键结构载荷历程是结构故障预测与健康管理系统的一项关键技术,如何构建鲁棒性好且精度高的结构载荷回归模型是保证载荷识别和寿命预测准确性的关键。结合多元线性回归分析,提出并详细介绍了一种筛选最优输入参数组合的技术途径：首先,进行多重共线性诊断以减弱自变量之间的多重共线性;然后,进行残差分析,删除异常样本点;最后,采用逐步回归法筛选出最优自变量组合。指出传统的多重共线性诊断方法存在一定弊端,并分别基于偏相关系数法和辅助回归方程法,提出了2种更为合理可行的诊断方法。以典型战斗机翼身连接框某关键部位的载荷和应力为样本数据,对最优输入参数组合的筛选步骤展开详细说明,验证了所提出的技术途径不仅可以确保飞机结构载荷模型的精度,而且可以提高模型的稳定性和鲁棒性。