递阶自校正飞行控制

一、引言 飞行器控制最初只作了三个单独回路独立控制,随着飞行事业的发展,又考虑三个独立的自适应回路以适应飞行环境的变化。但飞行器三个通道六个自由度之间是互相耦合的,考虑变量之间耦合集中控制,系统过于复杂难以实时控制。     

选择发动机最佳循环参数的一体化方法研究

 航空发动机是飞机的动力装置,它的性能、重量、尺寸都对飞机性能有显著影响。本文从系统工程的观点出发,综合考虑飞机、发动机性能的相互影响和匹配,提出了以最好地满足飞机飞行任务为目标,选择发动机最佳循环参数和调节计划的一体化方法。 本文的应用实例是歼击机动力改型时优选加力发动机的最佳设计方案。计算结果表明:飞机飞行任务不同、改型要求不同、约束条件不同,发动机最佳方案的类型、循环参数和调节计划也完全不同。因此,一体化选择方法具有重要实际意义。     

具有期望性能的控制系统设计

 本文给出的控制系统设计方案是在设计者已选定系统控制器结构的基础上,利用参数优化计算使所设计的控制系统具有期望的动静性能。它改进了现有控制系统设计方案大多数与系统的期望性能指标无直接关系的缺陷,避免了设计中为满足性能指标而进行的多次试凑。同时该方案在设计中还可包括系统的非线性特性。文中还给出了一种确定系统控制器结构的专家系统方案。最后的算例验证了该方案的实用性。     

攻击地面固定目标寻的导弹的一体化制导与控制(英文)

This paper presents a scheme of integrated guidance and autopilot design for homing missiles against ground fixed targets. An integrated guidance and control model in the pitch plane is formulated and further changed into a normal form by nonlinear coordinate transformation. By adopting the sliding mode control approach, an adaptive nonlinear control law of the system is designed so that the missile can hit the target accurately with a desired impact attitude angle. The stability analysis of the closed-loop system is also conducted. The numerical simulation has confirmed the usefulness of the proposed design scheme.     

Integrated active fault-tolerant control using IMM approach

An integrated fault detection, diagnosis, and reconfigurable control scheme based on interacting multiple model (IMM) approach is proposed. Fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) is carried out using an IMM estimator. An eigenstructure assignment (EA) technique is used for reconfigurable feedback control law design. To achieve steady-state tracking, reconfigurable feedforward controllers are also synthesized using input weighting approach. The developed scheme can deal with not only actuator and sensor faults, but also failures in, system components. To achieve fast and reliable fault detection, diagnosis, and controller reconfiguration, new fault diagnosis and controller reconfiguration mechanisms have been developed by a suitable combination of the information provided by the mode probabilities from the IMM algorithm and an index related to the closed-loop system performance. The proposed approach is evaluated using an aircraft example, and excellent results have been obtained     

Adaptive control based on a parametric affine model for tail-controlled missiles

An adaptive control against uncertainties in tail-controlled STT (skid-to-turn) missiles is presented. First, we derive an analytic uncertainty model from a parametric affine missile model developed by the authors. Based on this analytic model, an adaptive feedback linearizing control law accompanied by a sliding mode control law is proposed. We provide analyses of stability and output tracking performance of the overall adaptive missile system. The performance and validity of the proposed adaptive control scheme are demonstrated by simulation.     

仿真转台周期性干扰抑制的研究

提出采用加速度反馈方案,在无需加大系统带宽的情况下提高系统的动态刚度,从而提高了系统对周期性干扰的抑制能力。仿真结果表明,与传统PID控制相比,采用加速度反馈确实能够较好地抑制系统中的周期性干扰。     

Autonomous Control Reconfiguration of Aerospace Vehicle Based on Control Effectiveness Estimation

未来空天飞行器跨空天两域飞行,要求有较高的自主性以适应由故障和环境变化带来的不确定因素。针对空天飞行器的不确定性,提出了自主控制重构方案。研究了线性模型的时变控制效益的估计方法,提出并证明了效益矩阵可估计的充分条件,给出了相应的算法并证明了其收敛性和对噪声的鲁棒性;提出了基于线性规划和模糊逻辑的控制分配算法,通过冗余效应器实现了不确定条件下的自主控制重构。系统集成和仿真结果分析验证了方案和算法的有效性。     

Adaptive Control of a Flexible Beam Using Least Square Lattice Filters

An indirect adaptive control scheme for the control of flexible structures using least square lattice filters for on-line identification of the number of modes, mode shapes, and modal amplitudes is presented. The control law is based on modal pole placement. The system requires on-line validation of the results of the identification scheme before allowing changes in control law parameters. Successful adaptive control is demonstrated using the simulations for the 12 ft free-free beam apparatus at NASA Langley Research Center.     

大气层外拦截器单轴定向姿态控制律

针对单轴定向大气层外拦截器设计了一种姿态控制律。拦截器简化为轴对称刚体,利用安装在弹体尾部的“＋”形组合六喷嘴发动机提供控制力矩。由于姿控系统难以同时进行偏航和滚动控制,根据拦截器单轴定向体坐标系不唯一的特点,通过合理选择目标坐标系实现了偏航和滚动通道的分时控制。设计了姿控发动机开关控制律．分析了系统在控制律作用下的稳定性并进行了仿真验证。     

基于后退设计的空间机器人系统的自适应控制

 结合后退设计方法和自适应控制理论,对载体姿态可控的空间机器人系统提出了一种自适应跟踪控制算法。当系统的惯性参数未知时,该算法可以保证空间机器人的手端跟踪误差渐近趋于零。和已有的算法相比,所提出的算法可以消除Lyapunov函数导数表达式中的交叉项,明显改善系统的跟踪性能。对平面两关节空间机器人的仿真结果证实了算法的有效性。     

Adaptive Variable Structure Controller for Spacecraft Vibration Reduction

A hybrid control scheme to vibration reduction of flexible spacecraft is presented by using a variable structure technique for attitude control and piezoelectric materials for active vibration suppression. The attitude controller consists of a linear feedback term and a discontinuous feedback ones. An adaptive version of the proposed attitude controller is also achieved through releasing the limitation of knowing the bounds of the lumped perturbations in advance. An additional independent control system acting on the flexible parts can be designed for further vibration suppression. Simulation results have shown the theoretical and practical merit of this approach.     

基于径向基神经网络干扰观测器的空天飞行器自适应轨迹线性化控制

 研究了一种自适应轨迹线性化控制策略并应用于空天飞行器(ASV)飞行控制系统设计。通过理论分析指明当前轨迹线性化控制方法(TLC)对系统中的不确定存在鲁棒性不足的问题。为了解决这一问题,首先研究了一种径向基神经网络干扰观测器(RDO)技术,严格证明了RDO对于系统中不确定因素具有良好的逼近能力。然后利用RDO输出得到一种新的基于RDO的自适应TLC控制策略。神经网络自适应律采用Lyapunov方法设计,保证了闭环系统所有信号有界。最后采用新方案实现了ASV飞控系统,仿真结果表明整个闭环系统在鲁棒性能方面得到很大提高。     

基于自适应不对称高斯基函数网络的可靠飞行跟踪控制

针对歼击机操纵面结构故障,提出了一种基于自适应不对称高斯基函数网络（AGBFN）的可靠跟踪控制方案。该方案的特点是在传统的线性控制器的基础上,引入基于自适应AGBFN的自适应控制器,用于在线补偿由于建模误差、外扰、以及操纵面卡死或损伤所造成的影响,并且采用控制隔离技术来处理执行机构的饱和问题。完全自适应AGBFN采用不对称高斯基函数,并且可以在线更新网络所有参数,克服了传统RBF网络对称性约束,提高了网络的适应性和学习能力,从而保证歼击机的操纵品质,且输出较好地跟踪参考模型输出。飞行仿真结果表明,文中采用的控制方法使飞机在正常状态和故障状态下均可获得满意的控制效果。     

直连式三体绳系卫星姿态鲁棒最优跟踪控制

 针对存在参数不确定性以及外部有界干扰的直连式三体旋转绳系卫星系统姿态跟踪控制问题,提出了一种分布式鲁棒最优控制方法。该方法首先针对单体绳系卫星姿态模型,在不考虑参数不确定性和干扰的条件下,应用Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman方程设计了最优控制器;接着,考虑到实际系统存在参数不确定性和干扰,采用自适应与鲁棒误差积分方法在线学习参数不确定性和有界干扰,与最优控制器结合设计了鲁棒最优控制器,使闭环系统满足了性能指标达到最小的要求,并应用Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了其闭环系统的渐近稳定性。进一步考虑到绳系卫星系统的运动同步性,将单体绳系卫星姿态控制器设计扩展至直连式三体绳系卫星姿态系统,设计了分布式鲁棒最优控制器。最后在MATLAB/Simulink平台上进行了仿真,验证了方法的可行性与有效性,表明其具有潜在的应用前景。     

A study on optimal control of the aero-propulsion system acceleration process under the supersonic state

In order to solve the aero-propulsion system acceleration optimal problem, the necessity of inlet control is discussed, and a fully new aero-propulsion system acceleration process control design including the inlet, engine, and nozzle is proposed in this paper. In the proposed propulsion system control scheme, the inlet, engine, and nozzle are simultaneously adjusted through the FSQP method. In order to implement the control scheme design, an aero-propulsion system component-level model is built to simulate the inlet working performance and the matching problems between the inlet and engine. Meanwhile, a stabilizing inlet control scheme is designed to solve the inlet con-trol problems. In optimal control of the aero-propulsion system acceleration process, the inlet is an emphasized control unit in the optimal acceleration control system. Two inlet control patterns are discussed in the simulation. The simulation results prove that by taking the inlet ramp angle as an active control variable instead of being modulated passively, acceleration performance could be obviously enhanced. Acceleration objectives could be obtained with a faster acceleration time by 5%.     

Decentralized adaptive sliding mode control of a space robot actuated by control moment gyroscopes

An adaptive sliding mode control(ASMC) law is proposed in decentralized scheme for trajectory tracking control of a new concept space robot.Each joint of the system is a free ball joint capable of rotating with three degrees of freedom(DOF).A cluster of control moment gyroscopes(CMGs) is mounted on each link and the base to actuate the system.The modified Rodrigues parameters(MRPs) are employed to describe the angular displacements,and the equations of motion are derived using Kane's equations.The controller for each link or the base is designed separately in decentralized scheme.The unknown disturbances,inertia parameter uncertainties and nonlinear uncertainties are classified as a ‘‘lumped" matched uncertainty with unknown upper bound,and a continuous sliding mode control(SMC) law is proposed,in which the control gain is tuned by the improved adaptation laws for the upper bound on norm of the uncertainty.A general amplification function is designed and incorporated in the adaptation laws to reduce the control error without conspicuously increasing the magnitude of the control input.Uniformly ultimate boundedness of the closed loop system is proved by Lyapunov's method.Simulation results based on a three-link system verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

A TCP Driven CAC Scheme: Efficient Resource Utilization in a Leaky HAP-Satellite Integrated Scenario

An integrated high altitude platform (HAP)-satellite communication system appears to be very suitable for a large set of scenarios including emergency situations, exceptional events, etc. In fact, the satellite capability to provide a broadband and ubiquitous access can be enhanced by the deployment of HAP that allows the use of low-power consuming, cost-efficient, and portable terminals. To obtain an optimum utilization of radio resource, without renouncing to QoS satisfaction, a suitable call admission control scheme must be implemented. Nevertheless, transmission control protocol (TCP) behavior, mainly affected by the high latency and shadowing events, can impact call admission control (CAC) performance. Therefore, it would be desirable that the CAC scheme takes into account also the TCP congestion window real evolution. We present an innovative CAC scheme that uses TCP statistics as one of its inputs and is able to manage different classes of users. Results show that CAC performance is significantly improved by introducing TCP statistics about network congestion as an input parameter.     

自适应滑模容错跟踪飞行控制律的设计

当飞行控制系统操纵面发生卡死或控制效率损伤故障时,采用自适应滑模控制方法进行容错跟踪飞行控制律的设计。采用单位向量法进行滑模控制器的设计,利用李雅普诺夫理论和Barbalat引理设计自适应滑模调节规律,同时能够保证闭环系统的渐近稳定性。利用某型飞机线性化模型进行仿真,结果表明,带有自适应调节规律的滑模控制方法不仅适合于正常情况下飞行控制律的设计,而且对操纵面损伤和卡死故障情况具有较强的适应能力,具有很好的跟踪控制效果和强鲁棒性。     

基于角位移的火控系统旋转变压器改进性设计

通过对旋转变压器角位移测量原理分析,提出了基于粗精通道的改进性方案,利用多模块组合设计,研制出一种新型的角位移测量系统和相应的测量算法。试验表明,改进后的组合测量系统最大误差可控制在±0.01°以内,有效地提高了火控系统角位移测量精度。