利用GPS载波相位实时测定动态飞行器姿态

本文阐述了利用GPS载波相位信号进行实时飞行器姿态测定的基本思想,建立了整个系统实时确定载体姿态的数学模型;给出了动态整周模糊单差的求解过程,阐明了其物理意义．     

Carrier phase prediction method for GNSS precise positioning in challenging environment

Since the signals of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are blocked frequently in challenging environments, the discontinuous carrier phases seriously affect the application of GNSS precise positioning. To improve the carrier phase continuity, this paper proposes a carrier phase prediction method based on carrier open-loop tracking. In the open-loop tracking mode, the carrier numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is controlled by the predicted Doppler, but not by the loop filter output. To improve the phase prediction effective time, accurate receiver clock drift estimation is studied in the prediction method. The phase prediction performance is tested on GNSS software receiver. In the phase prediction effective time tests, open-loop processes were set for the tested channel. The test results show that, when some satellite signals are blocked in 15?s, the probability of carrier phase error less than quarter cycles is more than 94%. In the real time kinematic (RTK) positioning tests, some satellite signals are blocked in 10–15?s repeatedly. The test results show that, the carrier phase continuity is basically not affected by the signal interruption, and the RTK can almost keep continuous centimeter-level positioning accuracy without re-fixing the integer ambiguity.     

基于RTK-GPS的提梁机组协调控制系统设计

双提梁机组协调控制系统利用对称布置的双频载波相位RTK-GPS(Real-Time Kinematic difference Global Position System )接收机完成对提梁机位置、航向位姿信息的测量,通过卡尔曼滤波与里程计融合,消除坐标定位信息的波动,提高位姿测定的精度;单机采用基于CAN (Controller Area Network)总线的网络控制系统,机组间数据传输采用无线网络,构成混合网络控制系统;采用基于双闭环的同步控制策略实现对两提梁机的同步协调控制.实际应用结果表明,两提梁机间相对位置偏差不超过0.1m,相对航向角度偏差不超过0.1°.      

Network based real-time precise point positioning

Network based real-time precise point positioning system includes two stages, i.e. real-time estimation of satellite clocks based on a reference network and real-time precise point positioning thereafter. In this paper, a satellite- and epoch-differenced approach, adopted from what is introduced by Han et al. (2001), is presented for the determination of satellite clocks and for the precise point positioning. One important refinement of our approach is the implementation of the robust clock estimation. A prototype software system is developed, and data from the European Reference Frame Permanent Network on September 19, 2009 is used to evaluate the approach. Results show that our approach is 3 times and 90 times faster than the epoch-difference approach and the zero-difference approach, respectively, which demonstrates a significant improvement in the computation efficiency. The RMS of the estimated clocks is at the level of 0.1 ns (3 cm) compared to the IGS final clocks. The clocks estimates are then applied to the precise point positioning in both kinematic and static mode. In static mode, the 2-h estimated coordinates have a mean accuracy of 3.08, 5.79, 6.32 cm in the North, East and Up directions. In kinematic mode, the mean kinematic coordinates accuracy is of 4.63, 5.82, 9.20 cm.     

A real-time combined quality control method for GNSS precise positioning in harsh environments

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) precise positioning can be significantly affected by severe multipath effects and outliers in harsh environments, and highly relies on quality control strategies. Previous studies mainly focus on the posterior residuals to check and exclude the outliers in GNSS observations, limited work emphasizes the combined quality control method considering both the prior and posterior knowledge simultaneously. This paper proposed a real-time combined quality control method to process the multipath effects and outliers in harsh environments simultaneously. Specifically, in the prior stage, a modified multipath processing strategy is proposed for both phase and code observations, then a modified detection, identification, and adaptation (DIA) method considering the maximum times of data snooping is studied in the posterior stage. Two dedicated experiments in real harsh environments were carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed combined quality control method. For the static experiment, the proposed method exhibits smaller positioning errors, the best positioning accuracy, and the highest availability in this study. Specifically, the proposed method exhibits an improved percentage of 55.4 %, 56.3 %, and 59.7 % for positioning accuracy compared to those without the quality control method in the E, N, and U directions, respectively. Besides, the proposed method can further improve the performance of ambiguity resolution with an improved percentage of 32.2 %. For the kinematic experiment, the three-dimensional positioning accuracy of the proposed method is 0.577 m, which exhibits a 40.0 % improvement compared to those without the quality control method. Also, the proposed method exhibits better performance under relatively strong multipath effects. In this sense, the proposed real-time combined quality control method is highly appreciated in terms of positioning availability, accuracy, and ambiguity resolution for GNSS precise positioning, especially in harsh environments.     

基于导频辅助的定时与载波同步环路设计

针对突发通信系统中定时与载波联合同步存在运算复杂度高的问题,提出了一种基于导频辅助的同步算法.首先针对基于匹配滤波器多项实现形式的定时环路,讨论了滤波器的实现形式及各支路采样时钟的控制方法;接着按照最优导频放置方式设计了一种基于相关函数和的频率估计器,该频率估计器运算简单并且其估计精度可接近CRB(Cramer-Rao Bound )界;最后用仿真验证了所提出的接收机性能.结果表明新算法采用较小的导频数目就可以实现理想同步,同时复杂度低,适合于工程实现.     

GNSS-R open-loop difference phase altimetry: Results from a bridge experiment

The paper explores a method to obtain accurate lake surface heights using measurements of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier phase reflected from the lake surface. The method is referred to as Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflection (GNSS-R) open-loop difference phase altimetry method. It consists of two key technologies: one is the open-loop tracking method to track the GNSS-R signals, where the direct GNSS signal’s frequency is used as a reference frequency to obtain the carrier phases of the GNSS-R signals; the other key technology is time difference phase altimetry method to invert the lake surface heights using two or more carrier phases of GNSS-R signals received simultaneously. A validation experiment is carried out on the SANYING bridge over GUANTING lake using a GNSS-R receiver developed by the Center for Space Science and Applied Research (CSSAR), processing the data with GNSS-R open-loop difference phase altimetry method. The lake surface height results are consistent with the height results of GPS dual-frequency differential positioning altimetry. The results show that we can achieve centimeter level height in one minute average, by using 11 minutes carrier phase data of three GNSS-R signals received simultaneously.     

应用iGMAS超快速星历的实时精密单点定位研究

中国主导建设的国际GNSS监测评估系统(iGMAS)相比国际上比较成熟的IGS系统在产品精度等方面存在差别,目前实时精密单点定位应用多采用IGS实时、近实时产品.为改变这一现状,针对iGMAS产品特性以及实时精密单点定位对超快速精密星历的需求,对iGMAS超快速星历的精度和稳定性方面进行评估,设计了iGMAS产品实时/...     

导频脉冲载波频率的快速捕获与跟踪

针对短时导频脉冲载波频率的同步问题,提出一种快速捕获和跟踪方法.该方法采用相位推算法进行快速载波频率初估计,完成频率的捕获.相位推算法首先利用最小二乘法估计实采样点的相位,再应用相位解卷、一元线性回归和最小二乘法拟合求取信号频率的估值,其测频精度优于常用的Prony算法,在高信噪比情况下逼近实正弦信号的Cramer-Rao界.应用数字下变频和Kay算法实现频率的跟踪,通过建立仿真模型,验证其跟踪精度优于叉积自动频率控制环.在给出的设计实例中,对于脉宽为1ms的导频脉冲,在信噪比大于13dB的情况下,环路频率跟踪的最大误差小于3Hz.