Spectral Properties of Homogeneous and Nonhomogeneous Radar Images

On the basis of a two-dimensional, nonstationary white noisemodel for the complex radar backscatter, the spectral properties ofa one-look synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) system is derived. It isshown that the power spectrum of the complex SAR image is sceneindependent. It is also shown that the spectrum of the intensityimage is in general related to the radar scene spectrum by a linearintegral equation, a Fredholm's integral equation of the third kind.Under simplifying assumptions, a closed-form equation giving theradar scene spectrum as a function of the SAR image spectrum canbe derived.     

Clutter Spectra of Low PRF AMTI Pulse-Doppler Radar

Approximate expressions are derived for the video clutter spectra in the receiver of a low pulse repetition frequency (PRF), airborne moving target indicator (AMTI), pulse-Doppler radar for both step-scanning and continuous-scanning antennas. The receiver is assumed to process the received waveform with a clutter-tracking oscillator and a window function is employed to obtain short-term spectra. Except for the broadening effects of the window function, it is shown that the clutter spectrum can be simply related to the antenna voltage-gain pattern. It is further shown, in the scanning antenna case, that the combined spectral broadening due to platform motion and antenna scanning cannot be assumed to be the result of the convolution of the separate effects unless the antenna gain pattern has a Gaussian shape. The approximate clutter expressions are illustrated by examples and are shown to agree well with the results of computer calculations.     

Mitigating Range Ambiguity in High PRF Radar using Inter-Pulse Binary Coding

The paper proposes a way to increase the energy within a coherent processing interval (CPI) using more pulses instead of longer pulses. Long coded pulses result in masking targets at close range and poor Doppler tolerance. Increasing the number of pulses implies high pulse repetition frequency (PRF), which suffers from range ambiguity and target folding. These drawbacks of a high PRF can be mitigated by inter-pulse coding. The approach suggested here should be attractive for close and mid range applications of radar, ground penetrating radar, ultrasound imaging, and more.     

交错排列铆接结构的疲劳寿命计算与实验

通过理论计算与实验，研究了薄壁杆件交错排列铆接连接部位的疲劳品质。该项研究成果对航空器结构设计工程师和修理工程师均具有较高参考价值。     

Performance comparison of PRF schedules for medium PRF radar

Previous work has shown how evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are an effective tool in optimising the selection of pulse repetition frequency (PRF) values of medium PRF schedules in an airborne fire control radar (FCR) application requiring target data in three PRFs. The optimisation is driven by the requirement to minimise range/Doppler blindness whilst maintaining full decodability. In this paper we detail work in which the optimisation process is applied to design novel short medium PRF schedules requiring target data in just two PRFs. The paper reports on the testing of a variety of near-optimum schedules to compare their blindness, decoding, and ghosting performances. The results show that in many situations, the 2 of N schedules are a practical alternative to conventional 3 of N processing.     

Spectral Analysis and Subtraction of Noise in Radar Signals

A new method of maximum entropy spectral estimation called the revised maximum entropy method (MEM) is formulated and is applied to the spectral analysis of the echo signals from atmospheric turbulence observed by an incoherent scatter radar. The revised MEM is shown free from many demerits of the other methods for spectral analysis. Further it makes it possible to subtract the white noise usually contained in the data during the processing. Some examples of spectral estimation are shown for the actual radar signals and the simulated data. Another application of the revised MEM is the subtraction of the clutter component which is difficult to do by linear filtering. The method is successfully applied to several data abounding with the clutter to obtain the spectra of the echo signals with less clutter distortion.     

Radar Properties of Non-Rayleigh Sea Clutter

Measurements of sea clutter at low grazing angles using high- resolution radar show that the probability density p(x) of envelope detected sea clutter is not Rayleigh. Using the composite surface scattering model, a special varying clutter density p(x|?0) is proposed and is used to explain the non-Rayleigh nature of clutter. Since the clutter distribution has an enormous effect on the performance of a radar, the variation of the clutter densities, p(x) and p(x|?0), with various radar parameters such as frequency, pulsewidth, and polarization is found. Finally, a simulation of the composite surface scattering model is performed, and it verifies the effect of the various parameters on p(x).     

Doppler Spectral Moments of Radar Scattering from Turbulent Ionized Wakes

The Doppler frequency shift, and spectral spread, of the radar scattering return from turbulent underdense ionized wakes are explicitly related here to the wake mean velocity, and to the wake turbulent velocity fluctuations and mean velocity gradients, respectively, via spectral moments of the matched-filter receiver response.     

Cancellation of Unwanted Spectral Components in an FM Multivibrator System

The performance of FM multivibrator systems for high quality communications applications is limited by the presence of unwanted spectral components. A theory is presented for an improved system in which unwanted spectral components are cancelled, achieved by generating a cancelling component in a square-law device. The cancelling component tracks the unwanted component in both frequency and amplitude over a wide bandwidth of signal frequencies. Reductions in magnitude of the unwanted components by at least 16 dB are predicted; reductions of better than 14 dB have been achieved in practice.     

基于梳状谱调制的LFM雷达噪声卷积干扰技术

为了解决现有的灵巧干扰,如:多延时复制叠加干扰、基于间歇采样干扰的复合干扰样式等干扰设备冗余、量大的问题,提出了一种基于梳状谱调制的灵巧噪声卷积干扰。介绍了干扰的基本原理,通过仿真验证了这种干扰方式能克服这些灵巧干扰以及梳状谱干扰本身会产生设备量大的问题,而且还克服了普通灵巧噪声的容易被识破的不足。最后,简单地给出了一个易于实现硬件实施方案。     

恢复性能热处理在航空部件修复中的应用

<正>航空发动机热端部件如涡轮叶片、涡轮转盘、整体铸造扩散机匣等长期服役后,虽然外观良好,但性能下降。采用恢复性能热处理技术,调整到寿部件中的析出相,全部或部分地恢复材料组织和力学性能,可延长到寿部件的使用年限。航空发动机涡轮工作叶片、导向叶片、扩压器、燃烧室机匣、涡轮盘等热端部件,多为镍基、钴基高温合金。在高温下长期工作,这些合金中的相会发生变化,强化相会聚集长大,有害相会沉淀析出,在高温和应力作用下甚至会出现微缺陷,导致材料的高温拉伸性能、持久性能下降。当性能下降过多时,构件存在失效     

弹载合成孔径雷达自适应重频分析与设计

弹载合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)的目标距离、视线角由于高速逼近目标而快速变化,这导致传统的固定脉冲重复频率(Pulse Repetition Frequency,PRF)(简称重频)波形难以兼顾弹载SAR雷达在成像各方面的约束条件,故需要根据当前弹体运动和弹目关系变化情况实时计算重频。详细分析了影响重频选择的各项因素,包括避免距离模糊、方位模糊、高度杂波、发射遮挡影响及SAR成像分辨率、系统相参性要求等影响因素,并设计了自适应重频计算的工作流程。某SAR雷达系统实验表明,该设计能够在实际飞行弹道条件下根据实际弹目关系自适应调整脉冲重复频率,从而更好地实现SAR雷达系统的工作性能,有效解决了固定重频波形不能适应弹载SAR工作条件的难题。     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Glass Coats with High Temperature Radar Absorber

BaO-La2O3-B2O3 （BLB） glass, suitable to be used as a sealing between metals, was chosen to be the binder in preparing glass coats on the Ti-alloy substrate. The SiCN nano-powder was introduced as the filler for the absorbing coat because it is considered to be a good high temperature absorber. The effect of the coating temperature and coating time on the tensile strength of the glass coat was investigated and the proper coating parameters to get good mechanical properties were determined. In addition, the effects of the SiCN content on the tensile strength of the absorbing coat were also discussed. Results show that it is possible to prepare the glass coat using the BLB glass as a binder. That the coat formed at 730℃ for 30 min has the best tensile strength witnesses 730 ℃, 30 min to be the proper parameter to prepare the glass coat. The BLB glass coat without SiCN powder possesses good tensile strength and the introduction of the SiCN absorber into the glass coat will lower the tensile strength. As the SiCN content increases, the tensile strength of the absorbing coat decreases, which could be attributed to the aggregation of SiCN in the coats.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Glass Coats with High Temperature Radar Absorber

BaO-La2O3-B2O3 (BLB) glass, suitable to be used as a sealing between metals, was chosen to be the binder in preparing glass coats on the Ti-alloy substrate. The SiCN nano-powder was introduced as the filler for the absorbing coat because it is considered to be a good high temperature absorber. The effect of the coating temperature and coating time on the tensile strength of the glass coat was investigated and the proper coating parameters to get good mechanical properties were determined. In addition, the effects of the SiCN content on the tensile strength of the absorbing coat were also discussed. Results show that it is possible to prepare the glass coat using the BLB glass as a binder. That the coat formed at 730 ℃ for 30 min has the best tensile strength witnesses 730 ℃, 30 min to be the proper parameter to prepare the glass coat. The BLB glass coat without SiCN powder possesses good tensile strength and the introduc-tion of the SiCN absorber into the glass coat will lower the tensile strength. As the SiCN content increases, the tensile strength of the absorbing coat decreases, which could be attributed to the aggregation of SiCN in the coats.     

Calculation of Radar Reflecting Properties of Jet Engine Intakes Using a Waveguide Model

In the RCS analysis of jet aircraft, the engine intake and exhaust ducts present special problems which have not been widely discussed in the literature. In this paper an idealized example of a subsonic type of intake duct is chosen as an example for analysis. The idealization of the intake consists of a terminated circular waveguide, the termination being designed to represent the first stages of the jet engine. Examples of theoretical RCS and glint pztterns predicted with this model are given, showing the phenomenon of compressor modulation and the effects obtained with changes in wavelength and receiver-transmitter geometry.     

沥青族组分对C/C复合材料热物理性能的影响

以整体碳毡为预制体、两种族组分不同煤沥青为前驱体,采用常压、高压相结合的液相浸渍/炭化技术制备C/C复合材料.研究了复合材料在200～2000℃的热物理性能.结果表明,族组分影响基体碳的微观结构,从而影响材料的热物理性能.煤沥青喹啉不溶物(QI)质量分数高(7.31%),材料的石墨化度为86.29%,真密度为2.13 g/cm3,微观结构为镶嵌型和域型结构为主,并有部分的流线型结构;QI含量低(0.02%),真密度为2.22 g/cm3,其石墨化度达到91.93%,微观结构主要以流线型为主,含有极少量的镶嵌型和域型结构.QI含量越低,复合材料真密度越大,晶体微观结构渐趋完善,石墨片层的有序度增加,石墨化度越高,材料的比热容和导热性能增强,线胀系数降低.     

The Effect of Staggered PRF's on MTI Signal Detection

Long-range surveillance radars use MTI techniques to detect moving targets in a clutter background. The transmitter PRF is usually staggered to eliminate the blind speeds due to aliasing of the target and clutter spectra. A spectral analysis of the target and clutter signals is performed for the case of nonuniform sampling, and it is shown that the clutter spectral density continues to fold over at the basic PRF, but the signal spectrum becomes dispersed in frequency, which means that an MTI rader will never be completely blind to moving targets.     

羰基铁粉对橡胶吸波贴片力学与电磁性能的影响

采用羰基铁粉为吸收剂、三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）为基体，研究了羰基铁粉用量对微波吸收贴片力学与电磁性能的影响；利用扫描电镜探讨了复合材料的微观结构。结果表明：随着羰基铁粉在橡胶基体中填充量的增加，其力学性能和电磁性能均有较大程度的提高；断面的扫描电镜照片表明，羰基铁粉与三元乙丙橡胶界面结合性能较好，在基体中分散较均匀。利用基于改进遗传算法的优化软件对以羰基铁粉为吸收剂的微波吸收贴片吸波性能进行优化预测，优化结果表明：应用配比为加（羰基铁）：ω（EPDM）=1050：100，制成厚度为0．8mm的单层吸波贴片，可以实现在8～18GHz范围内反射率〈-8dB；以配比为ω（羰基铁）：ω（EPDM）=1050：100的吸波贴片0．6mm作为内层材料，以配比为ω（羰基铁）：ω（EPDM）：150：100的吸波贴片1．5mm作为外层材料，制备成总厚度为2．1mm的双层吸波贴片，可以实现在8～18GHz范围内反射率〈-12dB。