基于滑模控制的航空发动机多变量约束管理

针对航空发动机传统单变量线性控制器min-max切换方法处理约束的不足,提出了单变量滑模控制器替换所有线性控制器的改进策略,并将该方法拓展为新切换逻辑下的多变量滑模控制结构。基于改进的单变量滑模控制器min-max结构,多变量控制策略中加入了多变量滑模主控制器和新的切换逻辑,充分利用发动机的所有控制量,克服了传统方法的保守性,进一步提高发动机约束下的动态性能。对稳态时工作的控制器进行了理论分析,建立了多变量控制器实现精确跟踪的充要条件。仿真结果表明,多变量控制方法在更苛刻的约束条件下能够实现跟踪任务,而且提高了推力跟踪的快速性,调节时间从1.91 s缩短到1.54 s,同时降低了稳态时的油耗。     

Adaptive sliding mode control for limit protection of aircraft engines

In practice, some sensors of aircraft engines naturally fail to obtain an acceptable measurement for control propose, which will severely degrade the system performance and even deactivate the limit protection function. This paper proposes an adaptive strategy for the limit protection task under unreliable measurement. With the help of a nominal system, an online estimator with gradient adaption law and low-pass filter is devised to evaluate output uncertainty. Based on the estimation result, a sliding mode controller is designed by defining a sliding surface and deriving a control law. Using Lyapunov theorem, the stability of the online estimator and the closed-loop system is detailedly proven. Simulations based on a reliable turbofan model are presented, which verify the stability and effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation results show that the online estimator can operate against the measurement noise, and the sliding controller can keep relevant outputs within their limits despite slow-response sensors.     

燃气涡轮发动机加减速控制计划最优设计方法

提出了一种燃气涡轮发动机加减速控制计划最优设计方法.该方法在发动机过渡态性能模型的基础上,变换描述发动机过渡态性能非线性模型中的自变量,最终实现过渡态控制计划的优化设计.以某型双轴混排涡扇发动机的加速过程为例,使用该方法规划得到了满足其加速过程限制的最优控制计划.将得到的控制计划代入发动机过渡态性能模型中进行验证.整体相对优化误差在0.1‰量级,表明该方法具有设计精度高、使用简单等特点.      

微型涡轮发动机快速原型控制系统

提出一种基于工业控制计算机的面向微型涡轮发动机(MTE)控制的快速原型控制系统.它提供完整的与执行机构及传感器电路的接口, 并提供基于Windows平台的控制器软件实时开发环境.快速原型设计技术可以极大地提高嵌入式控制系统的开发效率.基于该快速原型控制系统不但可以实现对发动机的控制, 而且可以实时记录试验结果, 并提供友好的人机界面, 后者对发动机控制系统的试验研究是非常重要的.台架试车表明, 该快速原型控制系统是切实有效的.      

Limit protection design in turbofan engine acceleration control based on scheduling command governor

A new limit protection method based on Scheduling Command Governor (SCG) is proposed for imposing multiple constraints on a turbofan engine during acceleration process. A Gain Scheduling Controller (GSC) is designed for the transient state control and its stability proof is developed using Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). The SCG is an add-on control scheme which manages engine limits effectively based on reference trajectory optimization. Unlike the traditional min–max architecture with switching logic, the SCG method utilizes the Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) closed-loop model to form a prediction of future constraint violation and per instant solves a constraint-admissible reference within an approximate Maximal Output Admissible Set (MOAS). The influence of the variation of engine dynamic characteristics and equilibrium points during transient state control is handled by the design of contractive sets. Simulation results on a turbofan engine component-level model show the applicability and effectiveness of the SCG method. Compared to the traditional min–max method, the SCG method has less conservativeness. In addition, the design of contractive sets makes conservativeness tunable.     

涡轮发动机部件特性自适应模型的确定方法

针对现有航空涡轮发动机部件特性自适应模型中存在的不足,提出了合理的解决方法:根据测量参数合理选择部件特性修正因子;使用部件特性删除法求解部件特性修正因子;部件特性修正因子的数值拟合方法。采取这些改进措施后,使得现有航空涡轮发动机部件特性自适应模型得到改善。计算结果与两种型号的涡喷发动机的试验数据对比表明本文的改进方法合理。     

基于LMI的涡扇发动机抗积分饱和PI控制

针对航空发动机控制计划中加减速供油线对主燃油限制的控制计划,基于状态空间理论和线性矩阵不等式LMI(Linear Matrix Inequality)的方法,提出了用于解决航空发动机控制中由于主燃油供油量超加减速供油线后导致控制效果明显变差甚至出现震荡问题的抗积分饱和IWP(Integral Wind-up Protection)算法,给出了同时保证闭环稳定性和饱和抑制性的LMI解。以某涡扇发动机为被控对象,基于LMI方法在已有的控制器上进行了IWP的设计,并进行了发动机非线性动态系统性能仿真验证。结果表明,在已设计的PI控制器结构中嵌入IWP补偿器构成具有抗积分饱和作用的PI控制器,能提高控制系统的动静态性能。     

一种基于模型的涡扇发动机容错控制策略

针对民用涡扇发动机,研究了一种基于模型的航空发动机容错控制策略.在发动机原有闭环控制系统的基础上,该策略对发动机各控制量进行容错控制修正,达到缓和甚至消除故障对控制系统影响的目的.针对民用涡扇发动机常见的高压压气机和高压涡轮性能退化故障,提出了以恢复发动机运行性能为目的的性能指标,通过遗传算法离线计算得到容错控制计划表,并利用插值计算实现在线容错控制.经仿真验证,该策略控制性能良好、实现简单.结果表明:在确保各温度限制不超标的情况下,受影响较大的增压级喘振裕度恢复至故障发生前的水平,同时风扇与高压压气机喘振裕度的降幅不超过5%,推力的降幅不超过3%.      

Neural network-based model predictive control with fuzzy-SQP optimization for direct thrust control of turbofan engine

A nonlinear model predictive control method based on fuzzy-Sequential Quadratic Programming(SQP) for direct thrust control is proposed in this paper for the sake of improving the accuracy of thrust control. The designed control system includes four parts, namely a predictive model, rolling optimization, online correction, and feedback correction. Considering the strong nonlinearity of engine, a predictive model is established by Back Propagation(BP) neural network for the entire flight envelope,...