Gaussian process regression model incorporated with tool wear mechanism

Cutting tool condition directly affects machining quality and efficiency. In order to avoid severely worn tools used during machining process and fully release the remaining useful life in the meanwhile, a reliable evaluation method of remaining useful life of cutting tools is quite necessary.Due to the variation of cutting conditions, it is a challenge to predict remaining useful life of cutting tools by a unified model. In order to address this issue, this paper proposes a method for predictin...     

航空电液伺服系统阀套珩磨材料去除体积预测研究

针对珩磨加工阀套孔生产率低、加工精度难控制等问题,开展了内孔珩磨技术研究,通过分析9Cr18不锈钢珩磨过程中材料去除率的变化规律,提出一套适用于珩磨加工的材料去除体积理论公式.同时为使珩后孔不同轴向位置处的孔径趋近一致,需要在上下越程处增设停留时间,以此改进初始模型.基于初始模型与优化模型分别开展单因素珩磨试验,结果表...     

基于KNN的机床刀尖点频响函数预测

加工颤振是影响工件表面质量、加剧刀具磨损和降低机床寿命的重要原因,颤振抑制一直以来都是学术界和工业界关注的重点。稳定性叶瓣图是现有颤振抑制方法的重要依据,而机床刀尖点频响函数是绘制稳定性叶瓣图的主要输入。锤击试验法是目前获取刀尖模态参数最为准确的方法,但是在机床结构变化频繁的应用场景下,该方法效率低,机床需要长时间停机,难以满足实际生产要求。提出了基于KNN的机床刀尖点频响函数预测方法,将锤击试验法和KNN算法相结合,大幅减小了锤击试验的次数,同时准确获得机床刀尖点频响函数。在试验验证中,将该方法和传统RCSA方法进行对比,结果表明所提方法具有良好的准确度。     

Design and development of a five-axis machine tool with high accuracy,stiffness and efficiency for aero-engine casing manufacturing

In order to satisfy the machining requirements of aero-engine casing in modern aviation industry, this paper investigates three main issues during the design and development process of a five-axis machine tool with high accuracy, stiffness and efficiency, including whole structure design,key components design, and supporting stiffness design. First, an appropriate structure of five-axis machine tool is determined considering the processing characteristics of aero-engine casing. Then, a dual driv...     

Cutting tool temperature prediction method using analytical model for end milling

Dramatic tool temperature variation in end milling can cause excessive tool wear and shorten its life, especially in machining of difficult-to-machine materials. In this study, a new analyt-ical model-based method for the prediction of cutting tool temperature in end milling is presented. The cutting cycle is divided into temperature increase and decrease phases. For the temperature increase phase, a temperature prediction model considering real friction state between the chip and tool is proposed, and the heat flux and tool-chip contact length are then obtained through finite element simulation. In the temperature decrease phase, a temperature decrease model based on the one-dimension plate heat convection is proposed. A single wire thermocouple is employed to mea-sure the tool temperature in the conducted milling experiments. Both of the theoretical and experi-mental results are obtained with cutting conditions of the cutting speed ranging from 60 m/min to 100 m/min, feed per tooth from 0.12 mm/z to 0.20 mm/z, and the radial and axial depth of cut respec-tively being 4 mm and 0.5 mm. The comparison results show high agreement between the physical cutting experiments and the proposed cutting tool temperature prediction method.     

精密盲孔珩磨工具设计技巧

介绍了影响盲孔珩磨精度的问题所在,根据平衡力矩原理,设计带有补偿油石磨损差值的珩磨工具,实现了在油石上下超程不相等的条件下,达到了对孔各部位的等量切削。     

精密小直径盲孔珩磨

在论述了珩磨、盲孔珩磨现状的基础上,重点介绍了精密小直径盲孔珩磨的原理、珩磨条座、珩磨杆的结构,可达到的加工精度,推广此项工艺应解决的问题及其展望。     

A novel method for solving shortest tool length based on compressing 3D check surfaces relative to tool postures

Solving the shortest tool length quickly under a known tool trajectory in multi-axis machining of complex channel parts is an urgent problem in industrial production. To solve this problem, a novel and efficient method is proposed which is featured by extracting only a few necessary curves from the check surface instead of sampling the entire surface. By rotating and compressing the 3D check surface relative to all tool postures, the boundaries of the area occupied by the 2D compressed surfaces are the essential elements for determining the shortest tool length. A tracking-based numerical algorithm is introduced to efficiently solve the silhouette curves which are formed in compressing. To define the multi-taper shaped tool holding system (THS) which is commonly used in production, a characterization model for THS profile is established. A model for solving the shortest tool length is finally constructed based on the critical interference relationship between the THS profile and all compressed boundary curves. For acceleration, the boundary splines are segmented according to their knot vectors. Then a new concept called the axis-aligned tool length box (AATB) is introduced, which can provide a conservative range of tool length for a spline segment. By scanning the AATBs of all spline segments, the very few effective spline segments that may ultimately determine the shortest tool length are filtered out. This acceleration method makes the solution for the shortest tool length more focused and efficient. The results of experimental examples are also reported to validate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.     

群孔管电极电解加工均流设计及其试验研究

 为提高群孔电解加工的稳定性和成形精度,对群孔管电极电解加工(ECD)的分流腔流场进行了建模分析。通过对分流腔进行数值求解,研究了分流腔电解液的分布规律,并分析得到了影响电解液分流均匀度的主?问?分流腔直径),进而对其进行了优化设计。基于该优化设计并结合试验得到了适合正流群孔电解加工的分流均匀度系数和相应的尺寸系数。采用优化的分流腔参数和加工参数进行试验,得到了尺寸精度较好的长排孔结构,孔间距5 mm,孔径为(1.03±0.03)mm,其加工过程稳定,无短路现象。通过优化分流腔结构可以提高其分流均匀度,从而使电解孔加工的稳定性显著增加,加工精度提高。     

融合机床精度与工艺参数的铣削误差预测模型

为弥补现有五轴联动数控铣床加工飞机结构件的加工精度评估系统的不足,提出利用机床精度检测数据和零件特征及其工艺参数来构建评估指标体系,基于BP神经网络建立了飞机结构件加工误差预测模型。通过完成训练的网络权值分布,计算出各输入指标对最后评估结果的影响,并通过实例分析检验了模型的可靠性。结果表明,经BP神经网络模型训练得到的结果和样本零件的三坐标测量机测量数据基本吻合,选取的评价指标具有有效性。该评估模型能够有效地融合机床精度检测数据和零件特征及其加工工艺参数,对飞机结构件的铣削加工误差进行预测。     

半球型零件球面精密珩磨技术研究

作为精密加工技术之一,珩磨工艺往往用于内孔的光整加工.本文在分析球面研磨与珩磨加工特点的基础上,对球面精密珩磨加工技术进行深入研究,主要包括球面珩磨加工原理,珩磨头磨料选取和结构设计,球面珩磨速度参数对表面轨迹的影响,以及珩磨头压力对加工效果的影响研究.根据以上研究结果,对一批产品进行工艺试验,结果表明,采用球面珩磨技术加工出的零件能够满足产品的各项精度指标,同时加工效率较球面研磨提高3倍.     

航空发动机机匣摆线粗加工轨迹规划方法

针对机匣零件粗加工过程中凸台多、加工余量大、材料难切削、刀具磨损快、加工周期长等特点,提出了一种机匣摆线粗加工刀具轨迹规划方法,该方法能有效控制切削过程中刀具负载的变化,改善刀具切削过程中的加热-冷却循环,减缓刀具的磨损,提高机匣粗加工效率。首先,通过对两种摆线模型的分析,建立了摆线铣数学模型,并分析了摆线铣的优缺点;其次,结合机匣零件特点,将模型在精度范围内离散为点模型,利用圆锥将模型展开并建立展开模型与原始模型间的映射关系。通过对可加工区域的划分和平面逼近,生成了适用于机匣零件的摆线粗加工刀具轨迹。最后,分别通过摆线铣刀具磨损实验、平面型腔摆线铣实验和机匣摆线铣实验,验证了摆线铣在降低刀具磨损、延长刀具寿命方面的有效性,以及本文轨迹生成算法在航空发动机机匣实际加工中的正确性和高效性。研究成果能有效缩短加工周期、降低加工成本,提升机匣零件的粗加工效率。     

A review of chatter vibration research in milling

Chatter is a self-excited vibration of parts in machining systems. It is widely present across a range of cutting processes, and has an impact upon both efficiency and quality in production processing. A great deal of research has been dedicated to the development of technologies that are able to predict and detect chatter. The purpose of these technologies is to facilitate the avoidance of chatter during cutting processes, which leads to better surface precision, higher productivity, and longer tool life. This paper summarizes the current state of the art in research regarding the problems of how to arrive at stable chatter prediction, chatter identification, and chatter control/suppression, with a focus on milling processes. Particular focus is placed on the theoretical relationship between cutting chatter and process damping, tool runout, and gyroscopic effect, as well as the importance of this for chatter prediction. The paper concludes with some reflections regarding possible directions for future research in this field.     

Vibration signal-based chatter identification for milling of thin-walled structure

In high speed milling aeronautical part, tool condition monitoring(TCM) is very important, because it is prone to get a chatter owing to the low stiffness of thin-walled structures. And the TCM is key technology for automated machining. In this paper, aiming to chatter monitoring in thin-walled structure milling, a variational mode decomposition – energy distribution(VMD-ED)method is proposed to improve the identification accuracy. And a moving average root mean square – mean value(MARMS-MV) ide...     

电镀立方氮化硼砂轮在超深小孔磨削中的应用

电镀立方氮化硼砂轮在高精度、低表面粗糙度值的超深小孔磨削中,可大幅提高砂轮轴刚性,从而提高加工质量和生产效率。     

Laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling of high aspect ratio microgroove on WC-Co cemented carbide

Severe tool wear and poor surface quality are the main problems during micro machining of cemented carbide. In this work, an innovative hybrid process of laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling (LOMM) was proposed to solve the problems. A nanosecond laser was utilized to induce oxidation of the WC-20%Co material, producing loose oxide which was easy to remove. The micro machinability of the material was improved by laser-induced oxidation. The oxidation mechanisms of cemented carbide were studied. A microgroove with a depth of 2.5 mm and aspect ratio of 5 was fabricated successfully. The milling force, surface quality and tool wear mechanisms were investigated. For comparison, a microgroove was also fabricated with conventional micro milling (COMM) using identical milling parameters. Results revealed that in LOMM the milling force and tool wear rate were extremely low during removing the oxide. The machined surface quality and dimensional accuracy achieved by LOMM were superior to those obtained by COMM. The surface roughness S_a of the microgroove bottom reached 88 nm in LOMM, while the cross-sectional geometry of the microgroove was a trapezoid. Perpendicularity of the microgroove sidewall machined by LOMM was better than that by COMM. The tool wear forms in LOMM were coating spalling and slight tool nose breakage. Compared with COMM, the tool life in LOMM was prolonged significantly. It indicates that the proposed hybrid process is an effective and efficient way to fabricate high aspect ratio micro-features with high dimensional accuracy.     

自由曲面侧铣刀具轮廓与轨迹同步优化方法

针对自由曲面侧铣加工中轨迹规划困难、加工精度难保证等问题，提出了一种自由曲线母线类刀具的外形轮廓设计方法。该方法在优化刀具轮廓的同时，充分考虑了加工过程中的工件精度和刀轴光顺性问题，实现了自由曲线母线类刀具的形状设计和对应侧铣加工轨迹的生成。首先，通过分别定义刀具轮廓母线和刀轴轨迹面实现对刀具形状和侧铣加工轨迹的表达，并由此计算切削行上刀具工件干涉量来评价加工误差，以刀轴轨迹面能量评价刀轴光顺性，建立了基于加工误差和刀轴光顺性的刀具轮廓与加工轨迹的同步优化模型；其次，为实现对同步优化模型的求解，给出了基于序列逼近法的求解策略，以及优化初值中刀轴轨迹面控制参数和刀具轮廓控制参数获取方法；最后，分别通过加工轨迹规划实验和刀具轮廓设计实验，验证了本文算法在在自由曲面四轴侧铣加工刀具轮廓设计与加工轨迹优化中的正确性及有效性。研究成果为提高自由曲面类零件侧铣加工精度、实现侧铣加工刀具轮廓设计及侧铣加工轨迹规划提供了一种有效的方法和手段。     

辊筒模具超精密加工机床液体静压导轨热变形分析

为了提高辊筒模具光学微结构的加工精度,本文对辊筒模具超精密加工机床的直线导轨系统进行了热变形分析。首先,根据液体静压导轨的结构特点提出了有限元分析中的油膜等效替代方法,建立了有限元分析模型。其次,应用有限元软件对机床直线导轨系统进行了热-结构耦合分析,得到了其直线导轨系统热变形误差,并给出了改善辊筒模具加工机床光学微结构加工精度的方法。最后,通过微结构刨削加工实验对有限元分析结果进行了验证。     

材料腐蚀预测数学模型的研究

分别用灰色 GM( 1,1 )模型、动态数据双向差分模型对腐蚀试验数据进行了拟合和预测。结果表明 :灰色 GM( 1,1 )模型对腐蚀数据有较好的拟合和预测精度,且对数据有较好的适应性;动态数据双向差分模型对波动不大的腐蚀数据有较好的拟合和预测精度,对波动较大的腐蚀数据其拟合和预测的误差较大。并将两种模型和大气腐蚀研究中常用的幂函数模型进行了比较。     

钛合金铣削刀具/工件接触区域温度预测

钛合金（Ti-6Al-4V）因其优良的综合性能广泛应用于航空航天领域中,然而由于其导热系数低、弹性模量低等特性,铣削加工过程中刀具/工件接触区域温度过高,从而导致刀具磨损严重,影响已加工表面质量。因此研究切削过程中刀具/工件接触区域温度具有重要意义。从切削机理出发,将切削区域的3个热源等效为螺旋线热源,其中热流密度计算类比铣削力预测模型中铣削力计算方法,提出包含铣削热系数的热流密度计算模型,并通过实验标定铣削热系数,结果表明热流密度随切削厚度增加接近于线性增加。建立刀具/工件接触区域温度预测模型,通过半人工热电偶测温实验对模型的可行性与准确性进行了验证,实验值与预测值的相对误差在10%之内。提高了刀具/工件接触区域温度的计算精度,并为切削参数的合理选择提供理论基础。