缝纫层合板压缩性能研究

试验研究了有、无缝纫层合板的压缩强度和破坏机理。通过有限元方法分析了缝纫参数对缝纫层合板压缩性能的影响。研究结果表明,缝纫层合板以折皱断裂为主要压缩破坏模式,分层损伤得到了有效的抑制,缝纫参数对压缩强度有一定的影响,计算模型与试验结果吻合得较好。     

Experimental,analytical and numerical investigation on tensile behavior of twisted fiber yarns

Stitched composite materials are emerging as a promising material due to their high interlaminar strength, combined performance and light weight. The mechanical properties of stitch yarns are very essential for stitched composite structures. In this study, the tensile behaviors of the twisted fiber yarn in stitched composites were investigated experimentally, analytically and numerically. Two kinds of cross-sectional area of twisted yarn are proposed and discussed. The paper presents an intersecting circle model to describe the cross-section of twisted fiber yarns, and a physics-based theoretical model to predict the effective tensile moduli. The numerical models take into account the cross-sectional characteristic and the twist architecture. The investigation shows that: the sum of each fiber area should be used for experimental analysis; and the cross-sectional area surrounded by the yarn profile should be used for theoretical predictions and finite element (FE) simulations. The relative errors of the prediction method and the FE simulation are less than 2% and 1%, respectively. The friction between the fibers is derived, and the effect of friction on mechanical properties is discussed. The investigation method will serve as a fundamental component of twisted fiber bundle/yarn analysis.     

缝合复合材料层合板面内拉伸强度的分析

提出了缝合复合材料层合板抗拉强度的微观分析方法,建立了针脚处纤维局部弯曲的几何模型。使用最大应力准则和强度破坏指标相结合的方法,根据主承力层的失效得到层合板的抗拉强度。计算结果表明,理论预测值与试验结果吻合良好,证实了该模型的正确性和可靠性。     

金属梯度多孔夹芯板振动特性分析

金属梯度多孔材料芯层的胞孔壁厚度及半径沿芯层厚度方向逐渐变化,使得芯层的材料参数如密度和弹性模量等逐渐变化;采用金属梯度多孔材料代替传统均质多孔芯层会影响夹芯板的振动特性。基于高阶夹芯板理论且考虑梯度多孔芯层密度和弹性模量的耦合影响,建立了复合材料面层-金属梯度多孔夹芯板的振动方程。分析了3种密度的梯度芯层:单向分布、正梯度对称分布和负梯度对称分布对夹芯板固有频率的影响;最后讨论了3种梯度夹芯板在相同三角脉冲载荷作用下的振动响应。计算结果表明梯度芯层密度对称分布的夹芯板固有频率大于单向分布的夹芯板固有频率。     

电流变液夹层板结构动态特性及振动控制的实验研究

 采用表板为玻璃纤维板的电流变液夹层板进行动态特性试验,分析和研究了含电流变液结构在外加不同电场时电流变液对结构特性的影响以及结构动态反应的变化。试验表明：在电场强度增加的情况下,电流变液夹层板能有效增大结构阻尼,增加固有频率,并较好地抑制结构共振峰,控制结构的动力响应幅值。     

大展弦比复合材料机翼结构设计研究

针对大展弦比机翼结构的特点,选定蜂窝夹层、多墙式和一种新型混合式结构进行分析比较。进行了缝纫层合板和无缝纫层合板的冲击后压缩强度试验以及3种形式的复合材料蜂窝夹层板冲击后压缩稳定性试验。实验结果表明,缝纫可提高复合材料层合板冲击后压缩强度和屈曲临界载荷。对3种形式机翼结构进行有限元分析,计算结果表明,新型混合式结构具有明显的减重效果,并可实现一定比例的弯曲和扭转刚度设计。     

缝合复合材料单层板的弹性常数分析

根据缝合层合板的细观几何特征,考虑因缝线穿过纤维导致纤维弯曲的近似正(余)弦曲线情况,建立了反映缝合复合材料层合板细观结构形式的单层板有限元模型。在此模型的基础上分析了T700/QY8911缝合单层板的有效弹性常数,并与未缝合模型进行了比较。有限元模型和实例分析说明利用有限元途径分析缝合单层板的有效常数是切实可行的,同时为缝合层合板/壳的有关常数的有限元分析奠定了理论基础。     

缝合密度对复合材料性能影响研究

建立了不同缝合密度的碳纤维缎纹增强复合材料有限元模型,对其面内弹性模量进行有限元预报,并进行了实验验证。实验结果表明:随着缝合密度增加,复合材料的面内弹性模量降低,最大降低幅度约为44%,而对泊松比的影响很小。实验结果与有限元预报的规律一致。     

缝合单层板弹性常数的计算与分析

建立了缝合单层板弹性常数分析模型,通过考虑缝线穿过纤维时产生的弯曲并假设近似正(余)弦曲线,计算T700/QY8911缝合单层板的有效弹性常数,并将其与未缝合模型比较,总结了各缝合参数(行距、针距、缝线半径)对有效弹性常数的影响,为分析缝合层合板弹性常数提供了依据。     

缝合碳纤维缎纹织物复合材料研究

使用高强度玻璃纤维缝合G803-T300-40B五枚缎纹碳纤维织物预制体,并用树脂膜熔融渗透(RFI)工艺成型复合材料.测试了改性环氧树脂胶膜熔体粘度对固化温度和时间的依赖性,将缝合与未缝合复合材料层合板试样的基本力学性能进行了试验对比.     

Hoff型夹层板振动分析的边界积分方程法

 本文利用静力问题的基本解建立了Hoff型夹层板振动分析的边界积分方程。在数值实现过程中,边界上和区域内的未知函数均釆用线性插值以提高计算精度。数值结果表明本文方法具有未知量少和计算精度高等优点。对于低阶频率,本文结果与精确解的误差不大于1％。     

Higher-order vibration of thick composite and sandwich plates based on an alternative higher-order model

The transverse stretching vibration of thick sandwich plates, which is attributed to largely different stiffness at the adjacent layers, is a challenging issue, and efficient approach for such issue is less reported in the published literature. Thus, natural frequencies corresponding to stretching vibration modes are generally neglected in engineering design, which might impact structural safety as frequencies of the exciting force are close to transverse stretching vibration frequencies. This paper proposes an alternative higher-order model for dynamic analysis corresponding to the higher-order vibration modes. The proposed model is classified in the displacement-based equivalent single-layer theory, as the number of displacement parameters in the proposed model is independent of the layer number. The continuity of displacements and transverse shear stresses can be fulfilled at the interfaces between the adjacent layers of structures. To demonstrate the capability of the proposed model, typical examples are analyzed by utilizing the proposed model, the three-dimensional finite element method and the chosen higher-order models. By comparing with the exact three-dimensional elasticity solutions, it is found that the proposed model can yield more accurate natural frequencies corresponding to the higher-order displacement modes than the selected models. Moreover, the factors influencing reasonable prediction of the higher-order frequencies are investigated in detail, which can provide a reference for the accurate prediction of the higher-order frequencies.     

An advanced five-unknown higher-order theory for free vibration of composite and sandwich plates

Accurate prediction of dynamic characteristics is quite critical to understand the strength of layered structures. Nevertheless, the existing five-unknown higher-order theories encounter difficulties to forecast accurately the dynamic response of sandwich structures. Therefore, a new five-unknown higher-order theory is developed for free vibration analysis of composite and sandwich plates, which possesses the same degree of freedom as those of other five-unknown higher-order theories. The developed model can meet beforehand interlaminar continuity conditions and the free-surface conditions of transverse shear stresses. To assess capability of the proposed model, analytical solution for such composite structures with simply-supported conditions has been presented by employing Hamilton’s principle, which is utilized for analysis of mechanical behaviors of composite and sandwich plates. Compared with the three-dimensional (3D) elasticity solutions, 3D finite element results and the results obtained from the chosen five-unknown higher-order models, the proposed model can yield accurately natural frequencies of composite and sandwich plates. Even for the thick plates, the higher-order frequencies calculated from the proposed model are in good agreement with the 3D finite element results. By studying effect of the thickness/length ratios on natural frequencies, it is found that the proposed model is adaptable to predicting natural frequencies of the sandwich plates with the thickness/length ratios between 1/4 and 1/100. In addition, some factors influencing accuracy of five-unknown higher-order models have been investigated in detail. Finally, by means of numerical analysis and discussion, some conclusions have been drawn as well, which can serve as a reference for other investigators.     

天然金刚石刀具单激励超声椭圆振动车削

设计并制造了一种单激励夹心式纵弯复合椭圆振动车削系统.在分析超声椭圆振动切削抑制刀具崩刃机理的基础上,利用该系统进行了天然金刚石刀具振动车削铝件的试验,证实了椭圆振动切削可以有效防止刀具崩刃.     

缝合复合材料弹性性能的三维有限元细观分析与试验验证

建立了缝合复合材料代表单元体的三维有限元模型,模型中考虑了缝线的实际形状,以及缝线与层合板之间的位置关系,并把层合板的每层视为有一定厚度的体,全面考虑缝合层板在3个方向上的性能。模型所取的单元体为全厚度方向,相对实际细观结构简化较少,分析结果与试验数据的比较表明,分析模型所得的结果可信,可以用于工程设计,为缝合复合材料的分析和减少试验件提供了理论分析方法。     

Z-pin植入参数对X-Cor夹层复合材料力学性能的影响

 X-Cor夹层复合材料是一种新型的Z-pin增强泡沫夹层结构,具有突出的比强度、比刚度。采用热压成型工艺,在不同的Z-pin植入参数下制备了X-Cor夹层复合材料,并对这种结构材料的平压和剪切力学性能进行了研究,考察了植入角度、植入密度、植入方向等参数的影响规律。结果表明,Z-pin植入参数对X-Cor夹层复合材料的平压性能和剪切性能影响显著。X-Cor夹层复合材料平压性能随Z pin植入角度和植入密度的增大而增加,植入角度达到90°时,X-Cor夹层复合材料平压强度及模量最大;剪切性能随Z-pin植入角度的增大而减小,实验范围内,植入角度为45°时,剪切强度和模量最大;同时,X桁架的植入方向对剪切性能也有很大影响,相同Z-pin植入密度下,沿试样长度方向植入的X桁架含量增加时,夹层复合材料的剪切模量增加;X-Cor夹层复合材料的平压性能和剪切性能随Z-pin植入角度的变化规律相反,Z-pin植入角度在60°~70°之间时,X-Cor夹层复合材料平压性能与剪切性能均达到较高值。     

基于改进准则法的复合壳阻尼结构拓扑减振动力学优化

针对复合壳阻尼结构的拓扑减振优化问题，以约束阻尼层的有限单元为设计变量，采用体积比、模态频率和振型为优化约束条件，构建以多模态权重系数的结构模态损耗因子数值关系为优化目标函数的拓扑减振优化模型。为了拓展优化目标灵敏度具有不局限于某一变密度法插值模型的形式，推导了数值表达式的一般函数式。动力学优化中优化目标灵敏度正、负数集共存，使得非凸性的目标函数设计变量出现负值或优化函数寻优于局部极值点。为此，推导出复合壳阻尼结构的全域灵敏度改进优化准则法迭代格，以确保每次迭代域均为全域设计变量集。结合有限单元法编程实现了复合壳阻尼结构改进准则法，并对复合壳结构进行拓扑减振优化分析。结果表明：在敷设体积减为全覆盖的50%时，复合壳结构的模态损耗因子增减偏差为10%，具有提升减振的轻量化设计目的；各阶目标函数和拓扑构型所需的迭代次数少，中间密度区域较小，多阶优于单阶模态优化函数，易于获得全域寻优的有效减振。     

热环境对飞行器壁板结构动特性的影响

 高超声速飞行器在巡航或再入过程中面临着严酷的气动力/热/噪声等复合环境,对热防护系统结构的完整性和耐久性提出了严峻挑战。热环境下的动特性是进行结构动态响应分析和优化设计的基础,本文对四周简支的飞行器热防护系统金属加筋壁板热动特性进行了分析,使用有限元软件NASTRAN建立分析模型,基于理论和有限元方法获得了壁板结构热屈曲临界温度,研究了热环境对固有振动频率和固有振型的影响,对比分析了均匀和非均匀温度场对结构模态的影响。结果表明,壁板结构在热环境下易发生屈曲,热模态分析中需考虑热屈曲、大位移变形等因素。同时证实热环境对壁板结构动特性影响较大,结构的固有振动频率随热环境下弹性模量的降低而减小,热应力对结构的固有振动频率和振型都有影响,当温度场分布改变时,固有振动频率的变化规律基本相同,固有振型则不同。     

湿热环境下K-cor夹层复合材料的力学性能

K-cor夹层结构是应用Z-pin技术增强的一种新型高性能夹层结构,本文研究了Z-pin不同植入密度对K-cor夹层结构试样吸湿特性的影响规律,在此基础上对不同Z-pin植入参数对试样湿热前后三点弯曲性能和压缩性能的影响规律进行了深入研究。研究结果表明：夹层结构中Z-pin的植入能提高试样的尺寸稳定性,且不会对其吸湿率造成明显影响;Z-pin植入密度的增加能明显提高湿热前后试样三点弯曲强度和压缩强度,且具有较高的强度保持率,Z-pin密度为12 mm×12 mm的K-cor夹层结构湿热处理试样的三点弯曲强度比未湿热处理空白试样的要高11.1%,8 mm×8 mm湿热处理K-cor试样的芯部压缩强度比未湿热处理空白夹层结构试样要高17.5%,体现出K-cor夹层结构优异的抗湿热性能;而Z-pin植入角度的减小能明显提高试样湿热处理前后的压缩强度,0°植入K-cor试样湿热处理后的芯部压缩强度与40°植入K-cor试样未湿热处理的基本相同,但植入角度对三点弯曲强度影响较小。     

共固化复合材料/铝蜂窝夹层结构性能

采用共固化工艺制备了碳纤维增强复合材料面板/铝蜂窝夹层结构。通过考察固化压力对复合材料面板性能的影响确定了共固化的成型压力,对比分析了不同规格铝蜂窝及其夹层结构的力学性能。结果表明,对于薄面板,成型压力对面板力学性能的影响较小,规格为0.04 mm×4 mm的铝蜂窝制备的夹层结构具有更高的比强度和比刚度,且成型工艺性好。