三维可压缩 Navier-Stokes 方程的间断Galerkin 有限元方法研究

拓展了二维间断 Galerkin(DG)有限元方法研究,将该数值方法用于三维可压缩欧拉方程和 Navier-Stokes方程的求解。基于六面体网格单元,采用插值方法将物面的四边形面网格单元构造为弯曲面网格单元,更好地表述了真实物面特征;物面边界相邻体网格单元相应构造为高阶体网格单元,其余体网格单元采用八节点六面体单元,以较小的计算代价使网格满足 DG 方法计算需求。通过对三维带 bump 管道内流、圆球绕流以及旋转流线体绕流进行的数值求解,验证了边界弯曲方法的可行性及 DG 方法的高精度特性。此外,由于采用了隐式计算方法,仅需较少的时间步就能迭代收敛。     

基于粘性非结构网格的三维增升装置N-S方程数值模拟

应用基于粘性非结构网格求解N—S方程方法数值模拟了某型飞机三维增升装置的绕流。在物面附近粘性主导作用区域内，采用三棱柱型非结构网格，在其他流场区域，采用传统四面体非结构网格的混合非结构网格生成技术。湍流模型采用Spalart—Allmaras一方程模型，运用格心格式有限体积法，对控制方程和湍流模型方程进行数值离散。用四步龙格-库塔方法作显式时间推进，采用当地时间步长、隐式残值光顺等加速收敛措施．求解某型飞机全机带增升装置构型的粘性绕流流场，其数值计算与风洞试验结果显示了良好的吻合度。     

超声速流场中侧向射流的数值研究

通过数值方法研究拱柱体上侧向射流与超声速来流的相互干扰,为侧向射流喷管出口横截面几何形状的设计提供依据,实现高速飞行器机动飞行的姿态控制。采用多块嵌套网格并行算法,数值求解Navier-Stokes方程以及k-ω湍流模型,分别对四种不同横截面形状(相同面积的圆形、椭圆形、楔形以及倒置楔形)的射流喷管出口形成的流场进行了研究。圆形喷管出口的流场数值计算结果与实验结果相一致,表明本文采用的数值方法可靠以及网格分布合理。对比物面压力分布和射流干扰放大因子发现,对于长轴与来流垂直的椭圆形喷管出口,在射流上游一侧的物面附近形成较大的分离区以及较强的激波,由此产生的高压区有利于侧向射流对飞行器姿态的控制。     

基于多重网格方法的跨声速颤振数值模拟研究

使用多重网格的方法对二维翼型和三维机翼的跨声速颤振进行了数值求解.流场控制方程为N-S方程,湍流模型采用SA模型网格.计算网格采用结构网格,空间离散采用中心格式,使用双时间法进行时间推进.流场与结构之间的数据通过径向基函数(RBF)插值方法进行交换.通过耦合求解流场控制方程和结构运动方程得到Isogai(case A)机翼模型和Agard445.6机翼的跨声速颤振边界.通过与使用单重网格时得到的结果相比较得出,多重网格方法能够节省计算时间,提高颤振分析计算效率.     

旋转离心叶轮内湍流的非结构化网格数值计算

给出了同位非结构化网格数值求解旋转离心叶轮内湍流流场的SIMPLE算法。网格划分采用改进的阵面推进法。控制方程采用通用的对流扩散方程并利用有限控制容积法离散。湍流模型采用标准的k-ε模型。形成的代数方程组用带有预条件器的共轭梯度平方法（CGS）求解。最后利用所给出的算法对一实验用的旋转离心叶轮进行计算。计算结果和实验数据基本相符,说明该算法合理,编程正确,可作为流场预测的理论工具。     

三维副翼铰链力矩计算

 数值模拟了带副翼偏转构型的二维、三维亚、跨、超声速来流情况的绕流流场,采用有限体积方法和AUSM+迎风格式数值求解N-S方程,四步龙格-库塔时间推进,湍流模型为Baldwin-Lomax和Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型。二维模拟压强分布与实验数据以及CFD软件模拟结果吻合较好。采用交错对接网格,数值模拟了不同副翼偏角和缝隙、来流马赫数、迎角和雷诺数的三维构型流场。通过舵面铰链力矩与实验数据的对比分析表明了该数值方法模拟此类复杂流场的可靠性和舵面铰链力矩计算的有效性。发现并研究了亚声速来流时铰链力矩随迎角的反向变化趋势,初步分析了副翼的缝隙和雷诺数效应。     

湍流模型离散精度对数值模拟影响的计算分析

基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程和结构网格技术,采用五阶空间离散精度的加权紧致非线性格式(WCNS),通过改变物面法向第一层网格间距,开展了剪切应力输运(SST)两方程模型不同离散精度的数值分析。主要目的是为高阶精度格式在复杂外形上的应用提供技术支撑。计算模型包含了低速NLR 7301两段翼型和高速RAE2822翼型,研究内容主要包括湍流模型的二阶精度离散和五阶精度离散两种方式对收敛历程、边界层湍流黏性系数分布、边界层速度分布、压力系数分布以及气动特性的影响。在与试验数据对比的基础上,计算结果表明:对于不同的第一层物面法向网格间距,湍流模型离散精度对低速绕流计算结果有比较明显的影响,对于高速小迎角附着流动计算结果影响不明显;相对于湍流模型二阶精度离散,湍流模型高阶精度离散网格敏感性较弱,具有更高的数值模拟精度,但收敛性略差。     

三维非结构混合网格生成与N-S方程求解

 提出了一套较为通用的, 完全自动化的非结构混合网格生成方法, 在物面粘性作用区, 运用一种改进的推进层方法生成三棱柱形和金字塔形网格; 在其他流动区域采用阵面推进方法生成四面体网格。采用一种改进精度的格心有限体积法和Spalart-Allmaras 一方程湍流模型对三维N-S 方程进行了求解, 并以M6 机翼、DLR-F4 翼身组合体和某运输机外形的粘性流场作为数值算例, 验证了上述网格生成和流场求解方法的正确性和实用性。     

压缩性修正对γ-Re_θ转捩模型的影响研究北大核心CSCD

将基于流场当地变量的γ-Reθ转捩模型加入可压缩RANS方程计算程序,对平均流场控制方程、湍流和转捩控制方程进行基于LU-SGS的隐式紧耦合求解。结合三种压缩性修正方法对高超声速平板、双楔和圆锥流动进行了数值模拟,给出了壁面斯坦顿数、热流值和实验值的比较,以及湍动能和间歇因子分布云图。数值计算结果表明,相同来流湍流度下不同压缩性修正方法得到的转捩位置差别较大。相比于未修正的模型,基于当地马赫数压缩性修正后的转捩位置最靠后,其对带有分离的双楔流动预测较为准确;基于来流马赫数的压缩性修正仅使得转捩位置稍有延迟;对湍动能源项的压缩性修正可提高模型在转捩后湍流段的热流预测精度。     

燃烧室污染物生成大涡模拟模型的研究

采用亚网格动力学模型和联合概率密度函数(PDF)亚网格模型对污染物NO的生成进行大涡模拟.计算中采用的数学模型有:k方程亚网格尺度模型来估算亚网格湍流粘性;亚网格EBU燃烧模型估算化学反应速率;在交错网格体系下, 采用SIMPLE算法和混合差分格式来求解差分方程.数值分析两种不同亚网格污染物生成模型和两种进口气流温度对NO排放的影响, 计算结果与实验数据比较表明:两种亚网格污染物生成模型都能较好的预估燃烧室污染物NO的生成, 但亚网格动力学模型的计算工作量要比联合概率密度函数亚网格模型少得多, 更适合工程应用.      

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.