带FDI算法的无人机组合导航姿态确定控制系统设计

无人机导航系统的作用是提供导航数据给飞控计算机作为制导和控制用,因为飞控计算机的性能在很大程度上依赖于导航数据,导航系统的某一个错误可能会导致整个无人机的失败,因此,导航系统应具有故障检测和隔离(FDI)算法,介绍了一种用于无人机导航的FDI和低成本的组合导航系统,硬件包括低成本商业用MEMSIMU、GPS接收器、磁力计和导航计算机,软件包括带FDI算法的卡尔曼滤波。     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的小型固定翼无人机姿态估计方法分析

随着小型固定翼无人机的发展,由于其成本低、体积小的特点受到越来越多的企业青睐,但是由于成本问题,导致大部分企业只能选择成本较低的传感器,因此,针对固定翼无人机的姿态估计变得困难。为了解决这个问题,需要研究出一种新的姿态估计方法。利用离散型扩展卡尔曼滤波原理,结合常用的惯性导航系统和卫星定位系统,对小型无人机姿态进行估计解算。仿真结果显示,该方法可以准确地估计出无人机的姿态信息,其最大误差不超过2°,通过与未进行滤波算法处理的结果相比较,大大地减小了姿态估计的误差,因此这种基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的姿态估计算法针对小型无人机的姿态估计是可靠的。     

无人机机载综合信息记录仪设计应用

无人机飞行试验的故障和事故分析需要完整记录无人机飞行状态及环境信息,为此设计了能够记录无人机遥测/遥控、飞行图像和发动机噪声的机载综合记录仪,并解决了各种信息的同步记录和回放问题,提供了一套完整的解决方案。同时为满足无人机特殊的使用环境,对记录仪进行了小型化、减重设计及电磁兼容设计,结果表明,此记录仪适用于无人机系统,为无人机飞行性能分析及故障事故分析诊断提供了一种有效的支持手段。     

靶用型无人机安全性分析方法

文章从建立靶用型无人机可靠性模型出发,通过对靶用型无人机故障危险等级和故障可能性等级进行归纳分析,并计算出某型无人机的危险概率,最后对影响其使用安全性的因素进行了分析。     

INS/GPS组合导航系统故障检测问题研究

提出了一种新的故障检测方案。该方案由卡尔曼滤波 ,得到新息序列 ,利用大数定律对新息序列的稳定性进行检验 ,来判别系统是否出现了故障。同时提出了故障状态下卡尔曼滤波的修正算法。数值仿真结果表明 ,该方法能有效地检测出 INS/GPS组合导航系统的故障 ,保证了 INS/GPS组合导航系统的安全性和可靠性     

某型无人机滑跑中发生侧滑故障的分析与排除

某型无人机外场试飞滑跑过程中机体发生明显向右侧滑故障,经飞行员手动纠偏后没有发生无人机冲出跑道事故。针对这一情况,对无人机的液压系统、起落系统进行分析,结合飞参数据建立了故障树,对各项事件进行原因分析,最终故障定位,提出了解决方案并验证其有效性。     

无人机故障预测与健康管理系统研究

PHM(故障预测与健康管理)技术作为一种新兴的故障诊断与管理方法,能对无人机重要部件、系统进行全面的健康状态监控、故障检测、分析判断处理,因而在无人机技术领域得到广泛重视和长足发展.文章通过对PHM技术的分析研究,搭建了无人机故障预测与健康管理系统的总体框架,并设计了无人机故障预测与健康管理系统模块.     

一种鲁棒Sigma-point滤波算法及其在相对导航中的应用

研究了一种鲁棒Sigma-point滤波方法在无人机编队相对导航问题上的应用。该方法采用Huber估计方法,将Sigma-point滤波量测更新转化为求解线性回归问题,新的Sigma-point滤波方法是一种混合L1、L2范数最小估计,当量测噪声为受污染的高斯白噪声时,该方法具有一定的鲁棒性。给出了编队无人机相对惯导方程和相对视线矢量测量原理,应用鲁棒Sigma-point滤波方法融合相对惯导信息和相对视线矢量信息,估计出无人机之间的相对姿态、相对速度和相对位置。仿真结果表明,与扩展卡尔曼滤波和常规Sigma-point滤波相比,鲁棒Sigma-point滤波可以获得更高的估计精度。     

无人机发动机空中停车故障机理研究

针对某型现役无人机活塞发动机飞行中出现的空中意外停车故障,从发动机停车控制原理出发分析其故障机理,构建发动机空中意外停车故障树,并用实例予以验证,为无人机发动机故障的空中应急处置和事后维修提供可行性建议。     

间断制导下的反辐射无人机被动定位算法研究

目前,有关被动定位算法的研究多是在测量信息连续的情况下展开的,对于测量信息间断情况下的滤波鲜有涉及.针对该问题,以反辐射无人机为研究对象,提出一种基于卡尔曼滤波的间断制导下的被动定位算法,并通过仿真,验证了该方法的有效性.结果表明:提出的新方法能够用于间断制导下的被动定位,且具有一定的定位精度.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.