喷枪空间行进速率对等离子喷涂Mo/8YSZ复合涂层温度场的影响

为了突破传统金属/陶瓷双层热防护涂层高温环境易剥离的技术瓶颈,研究喷枪空间行进速率变化对等离子喷涂Mo/8YSZ复合涂层时间域及空间域温度场分布的影响规律。利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立等离子喷涂Mo/8YSZ功能梯度热障涂层的数值模型,考虑材料不同温度下的热物性参数和材料的相变潜热,通过分析不同喷枪空间行进速率下喷涂构件的温度与温度梯度发现:在喷涂过程的同一时刻,喷枪行进速率越大,单位长度内喷枪与构件相互作用的时间越少,构件的最大温度值越小,构件上表面温度分布的均匀性越高,构件的最大温度梯度值越小;先沉积的涂层对后沉积的涂层存在预热作用,基体的最大温度值呈"台阶式"升高的变化趋势;随着涂层厚度的增加,涂层的热阻增加,基体温度的波动幅度逐渐减小;通过调控各涂层的喷枪行进速率,可进一步减小构件的温度梯度,按照黏结层最大、过渡层次之、陶瓷层最小的顺序进行喷涂时,喷涂构件的温度梯度最小。     

铜基等离子体喷涂钨涂层性能

阐述了钨涂层微观结构影响机理以及涂层性能。通过等离子体喷涂工艺参数及微观形貌分析涂层微观结构和参数对涂层性能的影响,工艺参数主要包括喷涂功率、喷涂距离、送粉气量等。结果显示钨涂层是由钨粒子熔融沉积平铺成"圆饼状"或"花瓣状"的单层叠加而成,单层呈现柱状晶微观结构,厚度约10μm、直径约50μm的"圆饼状"单层是状态比较好的涂层结构。钨粒子熔化状态、沉积速率以及喷涂环境决定了熔化粒子的沉积形貌;与大气喷涂相比,真空喷涂钨涂层气孔率低、传热性能和结合性能较好,适合作为面对等离子体材料的制备技术。     

疲劳损伤对3DC／SiC复合材料裂纹分布的影响

采用x2拟合优度检验方法对疲劳试验前后3D C/SiC复合材料基体和涂层裂纹分布规律进行研究.结果表明,原始试样中3D C/SiC复合材料基体和涂层裂纹间距分别服从分布函数为N(143.75,56.782)和N(562.59,100.092)的正态分布,疲劳后基体和涂层裂纹间距分别服从分布函数为N(105.48,29.162)和N(227.89,25.232)的正态分布.疲劳可以促使新裂纹的产生,但不能改变基体和涂层裂纹间距分布的基本特征,这是由3DC/SiC复合材料的编织结构所决定的.     

氧掺杂对NiCrAlYN纳米金属陶瓷涂层抗氧化性能的影响

研究了不同O含量掺杂对Ni Cr Al YN纳米金属陶瓷涂层在1100℃下抗氧化性能的影响。采用多弧离子镀设备,分别在0、10 sccm、20 sccm O₂流量下制备得到3种不同O含量的涂层。经1100℃、300 h的高温测试后,3组样品表面均生成了α–Al₂O₃和Ni Al₂O₄,氧化膜厚度分别为8.78μm、7.9μm和5.7μm。O₂流量为0和10 sccm涂层的氧化膜产生明显分层,其中上层为Ni Al₂O₄,下层为α–Al₂O₃;而流量为20 sccm涂层的氧化膜并没有发生明显分层。O掺杂量的增加能够抑制氧化膜中大颗粒状Y–Al氧化物夹杂的形成,降低氧化膜的生长速率。此外,氧化后未掺杂氧的涂层较含氧涂层退化严重,主要归因于氧掺杂涂层中弥散分布的氧化物颗粒抑制了涂层的退化。     

表面粗糙度对高辐射涂层发射率的影响

以氧化铁、碳化硅和氧化钴为高辐射填料,通过控制涂层浆料固含量和喷涂次数制备出了不同表
面粗糙度的高辐射涂层。用AE 辐射计测试了不同表面粗糙度高辐射涂层的室温发射率,根据GB/ T 7287—
2008 测试了涂层的800℃高温发射率,用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜观察了涂层表面形貌,用扫描探针显微
镜测试了涂层的表面粗糙度。结果表明,在辐射换热条件下高辐射涂层表面粗糙度在2. 75 ~225. 70 μm 变化
时,其室温发射率发生了0. 02 ~ 0. 05 的变化。而在导热换热条件下高辐射涂层表面粗糙度在2. 75 ~ 36. 99
μm 变化时,其高温发射率没有变化。     

预腐蚀对疲劳寿命分布特性及参数影响的初步研究

预腐蚀是影响飞机结构安全性和经济性的重要因素.为研究预腐蚀对疲劳寿命的影响,进行30CrMnSiNi2A和LC4CS试件加速预腐蚀不同时间后的成组随机谱下的疲劳试验,采用概率回归方法对预腐蚀疲劳寿命分布特性进行检验,表明可采用对数正态分布和双参数威布尔分布描述疲劳寿命分布特性.然后对不同预腐蚀时间后的疲劳寿命分布参数进行估计,当假设疲劳寿命服从对数正态分布时,在工程常用的时间范围内,对数寿命标准差与预腐蚀时间无关;当假设疲劳寿命服从双参数威布尔分布时,可以认为斜率与预腐蚀时间无关.     

基于失光率的飞机涂层自然曝晒与室内加速老化试验当量加速关系

针对飞机结构表面涂层的老化问题,基于失光率的失效标准,根据Arrhenius公式分别建立了服从对数正态分布和Weibull分布的当量加速关系理论模型,通过自然曝晒试验和实验室加速老化试验验证了两种理论模型的合理性,并使用两种模型分别预测了飞机涂层的老化寿命。结果表明,对数正态分布模型的预测结果比Weibull模型的预测结果更接近飞机涂层寿命的实际值。     

工艺动态

ＣＭ2 47ＬＣ超合金的耐高温腐蚀热障涂层　　德国的Ｉ .Ｇｕｒｒａｐｐａ对燃气涡轮发动机高温零件先喷涂耐腐蚀涂层 ,再喷涂氧化锆基热障涂层 ,以改善其抗氧化性和耐腐蚀性 ,延长零件寿命。在机械加工的直径 10ｍｍ、高 10ｍｍ的ＣＭ 2 4 7ＬＣ超合金试片上 ,用大气等离子喷涂制备各种成分的ＭＣｒＡｌＹ耐腐蚀涂层 ,再在该涂层上喷涂不同厚度的热障陶瓷涂层(8%Ｙ2 Ｏ3稳定的ＺｒＯ2 )。高温腐蚀试验在 90 0℃ ,90 %Ｎａ2 ＳＯ4 + 5%ＮａＣｌ+ 5%Ｖ2 Ｏ5的环境中进行 ,以得出涂层直至破坏的寿命。结果证明 ,热障涂层恶化是由于环境中的钒…     

490N远地点发动机抗氧化涂层厚度对性能的影响

针对用于二代490 N远地点发动机推力室的改性硅化物高温抗氧化涂层,重点研究涂层厚度对性能的影响,对不同厚度涂层进行了1700℃静态氧化试验.结果表明:涂层厚度在100 ～200μm内,涂层寿命随厚度变化呈现抛物线规律,低于150 μm时,厚度较高的涂层能够生产更多的SiO2有利于性能提高;高于150μm后,涂层缺陷过多,导致涂层性能下降.综合考虑,涂层最优厚度为140～160 μm.     

3DC／SiC复合材料基体裂纹间距分布规律

采用χ~2拟合优度检验方法对不同界面层厚度的3D C/SiC复合材料基体中裂纹分布进行了研究,结果表明,3D C/SiC复合材料纤维束间基体裂纹间距服从正态分布,而且这种分布是由3D复合材料的编织方式决定的。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.