用于精密和超精密测长的双频激光干涉仪

叙述了双频激光干涉仪在精密和超精密测长技术领域中的应用，讨论了双频激光干涉仪所涉及的关键技术，提出了在应用中需要进行的误差处理，目的是提高在精密和超精密测长应用中的测量精度。     

CUPE的超精密加工及测试技术

介绍了英国Ｃｒａｎｆｉｅｌｄ大学超精密加工实验室的概况、主要的研究范围及内容．重点介绍了超精密金刚石切削和磨削机床，超精密测量仪器，超精密加工和测量机床的组件以及Ｎａｎｏｃｅｎｔｒｅ超精密车床中的关键技术．     

大面积非接触测量系统

英国ＵｎｉｓｃａｎＩｎｓｔｒｕｍｅｎｔｓ公司已研制开发出一种可以极高的数据密度进行快速大面积非接触测量的新型ＯＳＰ５００ＬＭ光学表面轮廓测量系统。该系统被设计用于包括模具制造、内盘检测及大型零部件检测的表面数字化等在内的扫描区域为５００ｍｍｘ５００ｍｍ的微米级表面测量中。ＯＳＰ５００ＬＭ采用精密线性马达驱动高精密激光位移装置对被测量的表面进行扫描，在整个被测表面上，每英寸可采集１２００个数据点，数据采集速度为１ｍ／ｓ。这意味着可以每线２５６０００样本点的数据密度标示被测表面轮廓和结构。该系统利用…     

介绍一种杠杆千分尺专用测力计

概述杠杆干分尺是一种带有精密杠杆齿轮传动机构的指示式测微量具。其结构由微分头和杠杆测微机构组成。测力装置不用棘轮，由螺旋弹簧保持洲力稳定．通过杠杆测微机构把测砧位移量放大并由表盘指针指示。其用途与外径千分尺相同．但测量准确度较高，是工厂常用的量具之一。与三计结合使用时，可测呈螺纹塞规的中径尺寸。当用同一付三针，对同一被测件由不同的打忏丁分尺测量螺纹塞观中径值时一发现测量结果最多相差3Urn。经分析，原因之一是测力产生的测量误差。虽然检定规程规定杠杆千分尺的测力要用测力计检，但由于没有检查杠杆千分尺…     

现代机床在机测量技术研究与发展趋势

介绍了现代机床在机测量系统的基本构成、功能和效能,以及普通数控加工、超精密加工和复杂曲面及特殊结构工件加工3类场合在机测量系统的特点.阐述了在机测量系统核心技术——测头技术,重点讨论了各类测头的工作原理、特性、控制系统要求,以及适用场合.最后,提出了在机测量系统未来发展方向.     

航空叶片制造工艺及坐标检测方法分析

以当前航空发动机制造现状为研究对象,简要概述电解加工、数控加工、精密锻造及超塑性成形等叶片主流加工工艺及其制造关键性技术,并引出发动机叶片制造过程的测量手段。阐述三坐标测量过程中叶片坐标定位、测量轨迹规划及点云降噪的实现方法;简要分析了激光测头安装精度、激光投射角度、测量景深等对激光扫描法测量精度的影响。对航空叶片精密制造工艺及与之相适应的高效精密检测技术快速发展具有一定指导意义。     

高精度轴系径向回转误差和反向法转位测量分析

对于精密轴系径向回转误差的测量，在反向误差分离测量方法的基础上，定量分析了采样间隔、测球参数、测球安装偏心、测头安装位置、测头半径和测力等与测量精度有关的几个主要参数，提出了实现反向转位的一种方法，并设计出相应的误差数据处理程序．     

地对空动态目标红外特性测量系统

“地对空动态目标红外特性测量系统”主要用于低空运动目标（飞机、导弹等）和地、海运动目标（坦克、车辆、舰艇等）以及静态目标的红外辐射特性测量与研究。该系统可对目标进行自动跟踪、对目标实现空间定位、测量目标的红外辐射强度分布、光谱辐射分布以及红外热图像。由于采用了精密时统，实现了各测量设备之间、整个测量系统和被测目标之间的精密同步，因此可以精确研究目标红外辐射特性与目标对应状态（如目标姿态、运动速度、     

回转复杂曲面零件在线精密测量技术

针对复杂曲面零件的面形测量难题,提出以超精密机床作为栽体,利用高精度触发式测头,采用接触式的轮廓测量方法,检测曲面零件的子午面曲线,再与理论曲线相比较得出被测零件的面形精度.测量试验分析表明:该测量方法的检测精度高,通用性强,在实际加工和检测应用中具有很高的实用价值和应用前景.     

超精密加工技术的发展

以单点金刚石车削和超精密金刚石磨削为基础的超精密加工能够经济地制造光学、机械和电子部件,或生产在微米和毫微米范围内的成形精度和表面粗糙度的产品。辅助成形精度和表面粗糙度测量技术在评估超精密加工表面质量中也起着重要作用。在香港建立了超精密加工中心,用各种设备和技术服务帮助当地企业对高质量超精密产品进行快速研制和试验超精密加工技术的发展     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.