GH4169合金直接时效锻造过程的数值模拟

直接时效（DA）锻造工艺已成为生产GH4169合金涡轮盘锻件的基本方法之一。但实施DA锻造工艺时,锻造过程的各个环节要求严格控制,而且要有足够吨位的设备。参照在压力机上实施DA工艺的终锻过程,用有限元变形-传热耦合分析方法对直径520mm和高度190mm的GH4169合金坯料在不同情况下的镦粗过程进行了数值模拟。大量计算结果表明,在压力机上实施DA锻造工艺时,为了获得优质GH4169合金涡轮盘锻件,应合理确定压力机滑块速度,尽可能改善润滑情况及适当提高模具预热温度。对于GH4169合金涡轮盘锻件,采用等温DA锻造工艺可能是最佳的选择。研究结果对于在国内的生产条件下实施GH4169合金DA锻造工艺具有指导作用。     

直接时效喷射成形GH4169合金的组织和性能

采用扫描式双喷嘴喷射成形装置制备了大尺寸GH4169沉积坯,经热等静压和热模锻得到了直径600mm的模锻件.研究了直接时效(DA)热处理对喷射成形GH4169合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:直接时效喷射成形GH4169合金晶粒细小均匀,晶粒度在ASTM10左右,其第二相主要有δ相、碳氮化物、γ'相和γ'相.与喷射成形标准热处理态和常规变形直接时效态GH4169合金相比,直接时效喷射成形GH4169合金的拉伸和持久性能较高.     

800℃以上服役涡轮盘用难变形镍基高温合金研究进展

大推重比航空发动机涡轮盘需在更高温度下服役,为满足更高温度服役航空发动机涡轮盘材料的需求,在新合金的发展过程中合金化程度和γ′相含量逐渐提高.其中GH4151、GH4175和GH4975合金是800℃以上服役变形高温合金的典型代表.对难变形高温合金国内外的发展趋势、3种典型合金的特征和发展过程进行了概述,并对难变形高温...     

GH169合金细晶锻造工艺研究

为了提高涡轮盘的强度和低周疲劳性能,要求锻件具有ASTM10级以上的细晶组织国外在大型压力机上采用低温大变形锻造和直接时效热处理以获得性能良好的细晶锻件,而我国则试图采用锻锤生产GH169合金涡轮盘锻件,因此,需要探索适合国情的GH169合金细晶锻造工艺。根据以往的研究,δ相对GH169合金的显微组织有明显影响,因而可     

TC4合金叶片热模锻过程的数值模拟

文摘为了生产出质量合格的叶片,针对TC4合金叶片的成形特点,为其制订了相应的热模锻成形工艺。同时采用基于有限体积的材料成形模拟技术,对TC4合金叶片热模锻过程进行了模拟,分析了坯料成形过程中的充填情况、应变场、应力场及终锻温度场的分布规律。模拟结果表明:锻件轮廓清晰,模具型腔充填完整,未出现充不满或折叠等锻造缺陷。实际生产出来的叶片经理化检测和外观检查,质量符合要求,制定的工艺方案合理,可以满足TC4合金航空风扇转子叶片的成形质量要求。     

热等静压及热挤压对喷射成形GH738合金显微组织的影响

采用喷射成形工艺制备大尺寸(?300mm)GH738合金锭坯,对锭坯进行热等静压,热等静压后进行不同温度的热挤压,利用XRD、SEM、TEM、EBSD和相分析方法,研究热等静压和热挤压对喷射成形 GH738合金锭坯显微缺陷、碳氮化物、γ/γ′相演变的影响。结果表明:热等静压对沉积坯中的显微疏松具有焊合作用;热挤压过程中GH738 合金再结晶组织主要受形变温度和应力-应变状态影响;热等静压态合金中碳氮化物主要沿晶界连续分布,热挤压后碳氮化物转变为沿挤压方向条带状分布;不同热工艺条件下合金γ′相的组成结构、质量分数及形貌尺寸分布主要受合金经历的温度场以及冷却条件影响。     

高温合金涡轮盘的细晶超塑性模锻技术

综述了前苏联高温合金锻造成形技术的发展情况,介绍了高合金化镍基高温合金细晶制坯＋普通模锻（或热模锻）精密锻造变形技术。以此技术为基础研制的涡轮盘性能达到国际先进水平。     

挤压态喷射成形GH738合金热变形行为及组织研究

在温度950~1150℃、应变速率0.001~1 s–1及工程应变50%条件下,利用Gleeble-3500TM热模拟试验机对挤压态喷射成形GH738合金进行热压缩实验,研究合金的流变应力,建立合金热变形本构关系,利用EBSD分析合金组织演变。结果表明:合金流变应力随温度的升高和应变速率的减小而降低,在相同变形条件下,具有细晶组织特征的挤压态喷射成形GH738合金峰值流变应力低于粗晶组织的铸锻GH738合金;挤压态喷射成形GH738合金热变形激活能为651.08 kJ·mol–1,GH738合金的热变形激活能随着初始平均晶粒尺寸的减小而升高;形变温度的升高使挤压态喷射成形GH738合金初始被拉长的晶粒逐渐演变为等轴再结晶晶粒,在1000℃以上获得完全动态再结晶组织,再结晶组织随形变温度的进一步升高发生长大。     

超塑性模锻在航空锻造中的应用

超塑性模锻工艺是近几年中发展起来的一种少无切削加工和精密成形技术的锻造新工艺。它利用金属材料的超塑特性(最佳的塑性)使毛坯成形,得到形状复杂及尺寸较精确的锻件。近年来,高温合金和钛合金的使用不断增加,这些合金的特点是:流变抗力高,可塑性低,具有不均匀变形所引起机械性能各向异性的敏感性,难于机械加工及成本高昂。如采用普通热变形锻造工艺时,机械加工的金属损耗达80％左右,往往不能满足航空零件所需的机械性能,但是采用超塑性模锻方法,就能改变过去肥头大耳的落后锻造工艺。     

GH169合金的本构关系研究

GH169合金主要是作为变形合金而得到广泛应用。因此,迫切需要明确其流动应力与变形条件的关系,即本构关系。文献[1]曾对GH169合金进行了这方面的研究,但所研究的结果只适用于预成形过程,而且所得到的本构关系与实测数据误差较大。近代航空发动机的涡轮盘广泛采用GH169合金制造,其锻造过程一般由预锻和终锻过程组成。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.