基于浮动装夹自适应加工工艺的薄壁件加工变形控制技术研究

航空薄壁件尺寸大、壁薄、材料去除率高,极易发生加工变形问题,严重影响零件加工质量,因此航空薄壁件的加工变形控制具有重要的意义。以某传扭转接盘作为研究对象,基于加工过程中的监测变形力重构毛坯全局残余应力分布,优化了零件的加工位姿,并结合浮动装夹自适应加工工艺实现了零件的加工变形有效控制。实际加工试验将零件的平面度和平行度分别控制在0.11mm和0.04mm,结果表明,该方法能显著控制工件加工变形。     

超大型壁板类零件加工变形控制技术

本文研究了超大型壁板类零件加工变形的控制技术,从整体上考虑零件加工变形控制,从毛坯处理、粗加工到精加工采取合理措施控制零件变形,保证零件的加工精度。超大型壁板类零件加工变形控制技术全面考虑了零件加工变形控制的每一工序,这种加工变形的控制方法具有很好的推广应用价值,在其他大型结构件加工中这种控制方法能保证零件的加工精度和性能。该技术的研究应用对我国大飞机的研     

基于残余应力重分布的导轨梁加工变形仿真与变形控制工艺方案研究

为解决大型薄壁铸件导轨梁在材料去除过程中因残余应力的释放与重分布导致变形超差的工艺难题,对导轨梁零件加工工艺进行分析,实现零件模型的简化与子结构分割;同时开展零件毛坯表面残余应力测量,成功建立零件毛坯初始应力模型。在此基础上结合实际加工工艺开展零件加工有限元仿真,模拟加工过程中由于材料去除引起的残余应力释放,预测了加工过程中残余应力重分布规律和加工变形情况。总结了零件加工变形的有限元仿真结果,提出抑制零件加工变形的工艺方案。经验证,改进后的工艺顺序使零件最大变形量由0.485 mm降至0.081 mm,降低83.3%,避免了零件在加工过程中的尺寸超差。同时该平面作为后续加工的基准,保证了后续加工的精度,为生产工艺优化提供了有效的理论依据。     

超大薄壁环形件的工艺改进

针对超大薄壁环形件严重变形等问题，通过合理调整加工方法和加工顺序，有效控制变形，加工出优质合格零件。     

航空薄壁零件加工变形的有限元分析

介绍了有限元法在薄壁件铣削加工中的应用,并运用ANSYS5.4有限元分析软件对典型薄壁框体零件的加工变形进行了分析计算,结果与实际加工情况相符,由此提出一种数控补偿方法来降低让刀误差,从而控制薄壁件的加工精度.     

大型锻件窗框加工变形及工艺方案研究

窗框零件作为民用飞机上的重要承力构件,具有结构复杂、曲率大、难加工部位多、加工变形控制难等特点,而且采用锻件加工受毛坯初始残余应力影响较大。通过对典型窗框零件工艺特点以及加工关键技术进行研究,从毛坯残余应力分布、加工变形仿真预测、加工工艺过程优化等多方面进行研究,解决该类零件加工过程中变形处理的瓶颈问题,提出工程化解决方案,并形成窗框类零件加工典型工艺方案。     

扇形件加焊蜂窝的工艺难点分析

分析了挠性扇形件变形和蜂窝难焊接的问题，通过合理调整加工工艺和加工顺序，有效控制变形和焊接质量，加工出优质合格零件。     

薄壁件铣削过程加工变形研究进展

机床加工性能和刀具切削性能的发展使得薄壁件的高效率和高精密加工成为可能，也使得薄壁件在航空航天领域得到更广泛应用。薄壁零件结构复杂、刚度低，在铣削过程中易发生变形，因此精准预测与控制薄壁件的加工变形是机加工领域亟需解决的工艺难题。通过对薄壁件分类以及加工工艺分析，归纳总结引起薄壁件加工变形的因素，对加工变形影响最为关键的铣削力计算模型进行简述；结合国内外薄壁件变形预测与控制方法的研究，以弹塑性和数值模拟方法对薄壁件加工变形进行预测，通过加工工艺优化、辅助支撑技术、高速切削技术和数控补偿技术等方法对薄壁件加工过程的变形量进行控制；基于数据驱动数字孪生体的更新迭代，实现薄壁件实际加工过程的孪生及薄壁件变形预测与控制，构建了以数字孪生为平台的薄壁件加工变形预测与控制理论框架；最后对数字孪生在薄壁件加工变形预测及控制的发展与应用提出展望。     

减小铝合金薄盘类零件变形的方法

铝合金材料在航天航空工业中应用非常广泛,文章介绍了以铭合金为材料的薄壁圆盘类零件的结构和加工特点等,通过选择合理的工艺参数、装夹定位、加工刀具、切削方法、稳定处理等方面减小了铝合金加工变形,解决了高精度薄壁圆盘类的加工难题。     

薄壁隔框类零件数控加工工艺

针对薄壁隔框类零件在机械加工中加工变形大、表面质量差、效率低等诸多问题,通过对薄壁隔框类零件的材料、结构分析,合理选用数控机床、刀具、装夹方式,结合数控加工特点,运用高速切削技术对数控加工工艺进行优化。     

新型整体多级盘毂转子单元体加工技术

与传统单级整体叶盘相比,新型整体多级盘毂转子单元体加工技术是将轴颈、盘及毂筒作为一个零件进行单元体整体加工,避免了单个零件安装和焊接结构带来的诸多缺点。具有减重、增效和提高可靠性等优点。本文从工艺路线的安排、工装和刀具的设计、加工变形有限元法预估、高速轻载荷切削四方面入手,总结出一套针对此类零件的加工方法,具有重要的指导意义。     

航空结构件铣削变形及其控制研究进展

随着机床加工性能和刀具切削性能的提升,航空结构件的高效高精加工成为可能.航空结构件薄壁加工特征多,在铣削过程中易发生变形,因此预测与控制航空结构件的加工变形是切削加工领域内亟待解决的难题.通过总结了航空结构件的特点及加工难点,对加工变形形成机理进行深入分析;对加工变形影响最为关键的铣削力模型进行归纳;阐述了航空结构件残...     

An allowance allocation method based on dynamic approximation via online inspection data for deformation control of structural parts

Deformation resulting from residual stress has been a significant issue in machining. As allowance allocation can directly impact the residual stress on part deformation, it is essential for deformation control. However, it is difficult to adjust allowance allocation by traditional simulation methods based on residual stress, as the residual stress cannot be accurately measured or predicted, and many unexpected factors during machining process cannot be simulated accurately. Different from traditional methods, this paper proposes an allowance allocation method based on dynamic approximation via online inspection data for deformation control of structural parts. An Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model for dynamic allowance allocation is established so as to approach the minimum deformation, which is based on the in-process deformation inspection data during the alternative machining process of upside and downside. The effectiveness of the method is verified both by simulation cases and real machining experiments of aircraft structural parts, and the results show that part deformation can be significantly reduced.     

超薄零件车削加工变形研究

超薄零件车削加工后存在较大的变形,严重制约了该类关键器件的广泛应用。为实现超薄零件加工变形的预测与分析,基于力学分析,建立了加工仿真系统并进行超薄零件精加工过程模拟研究。实际加工验证了所建立模型的准确性,同时基于该系统对超薄零件加工后变形进行分析,其结果对改进加工工艺和减小工件变形具有指导意义。     

水陆两栖飞机静力试验优化机翼变形的载荷配平

水陆两栖飞机全机静力试验的浮筒着水工况试验中，在试验允许的常规载荷配平方案下，压向大量级水载荷作用于浮筒结构引起机翼较大变形，影响试验精度，因此进行以减少机翼变形为目标的载荷配平研究。将机翼近似为悬臂梁结构，在构建的机翼力学模型基础上应用Green函数建立机翼的挠度曲线方程。首次以考核区域边界肋的挠度和转角为优化目标并建立多目标函数，通过层次分析法和极差变换标准化处理方法将其转化为单目标函数后，采用引入交叉和变异因子的改进蚁群算法进行载荷配平方案优化运算。有限元分析及试验结果显示，优化得到的载荷配平方案可以显著地减少机翼变形，配平载荷不影响考核区域的真实变形，证明了该优化方案的正确性和可行性。     

Electrochemical machining of a convex strips structure on a revolving part by using site directed power interruption

Revolving parts with complex surface structures are widely used in machinery and mechanical equipment. The ECM process provides its adequacy to cut hard materials with different shapes, and its applications are widely increased, due to its outstanding advantages. In this paper, a new method for machining a convex strips structure on a cylinder by using site directed power interruption(SDPI) in the ECM process is presented. A variable correction value of the power-off time was defined and optimized to obtain the ideal interval for better machining accuracy and stability.The electric field distribution and the simulated convex profiles show that the stray current density can be reduced effectively by using the proposed method. The correction value has an important influence on the machining accuracy. A suitable correction value in the range of 0.6–1.2 s can effectively improve the machining accuracy of the convex strips structure. Experiments were also conducted to verify the proposed method. Results have confirmed that the stray corrosion on the convex strips surface is significantly reduced and the machining accuracy of convex strips structure is remarkably improved by using the proposed method with a suitable correction value in the ECM process. Finally, a convex strip with a height of 2 mm on a thin-wall revolving part was also produced successfully using a correction value of 0.9.     

航空发动机机匣摆线粗加工轨迹规划方法

针对机匣零件粗加工过程中凸台多、加工余量大、材料难切削、刀具磨损快、加工周期长等特点,提出了一种机匣摆线粗加工刀具轨迹规划方法,该方法能有效控制切削过程中刀具负载的变化,改善刀具切削过程中的加热-冷却循环,减缓刀具的磨损,提高机匣粗加工效率。首先,通过对两种摆线模型的分析,建立了摆线铣数学模型,并分析了摆线铣的优缺点;其次,结合机匣零件特点,将模型在精度范围内离散为点模型,利用圆锥将模型展开并建立展开模型与原始模型间的映射关系。通过对可加工区域的划分和平面逼近,生成了适用于机匣零件的摆线粗加工刀具轨迹。最后,分别通过摆线铣刀具磨损实验、平面型腔摆线铣实验和机匣摆线铣实验,验证了摆线铣在降低刀具磨损、延长刀具寿命方面的有效性,以及本文轨迹生成算法在航空发动机机匣实际加工中的正确性和高效性。研究成果能有效缩短加工周期、降低加工成本,提升机匣零件的粗加工效率。     

神舟飞船防热大底钻孔工艺技术研究

神舟飞船防热大底主要为玻璃钢蜂窝夹层结构,制孔时在较大装夹力下容易产生弹性变形。针对装夹变形导致孔位置精度难以保证的问题进行工艺优化改进,对工装结构、装夹方式、工艺流程及钻孔设备进行了优化。试验结果表明,采取低应力装夹方式、减少翻转次数、使用数控加工设备等措施能有效提高钻孔精度。     

融合机床精度与工艺参数的铣削误差预测模型

为弥补现有五轴联动数控铣床加工飞机结构件的加工精度评估系统的不足,提出利用机床精度检测数据和零件特征及其工艺参数来构建评估指标体系,基于BP神经网络建立了飞机结构件加工误差预测模型。通过完成训练的网络权值分布,计算出各输入指标对最后评估结果的影响,并通过实例分析检验了模型的可靠性。结果表明,经BP神经网络模型训练得到的结果和样本零件的三坐标测量机测量数据基本吻合,选取的评价指标具有有效性。该评估模型能够有效地融合机床精度检测数据和零件特征及其加工工艺参数,对飞机结构件的铣削加工误差进行预测。     

Machining fixture for adaptive CNC machining process of near-net-shaped jet engine blade

Low stiffness and positioning problems are difficulties and challenges in the precise machining of near-net-shaped blades. This paper aims to achieve high accuracy in manufacturing by fixture- and deformation-control in the adaptive CNC machining process. Adaptive CNC machining technology is first analyzed, and new fixture-evaluation criteria and methods to evaluate the adaptive CNC machining process fixture design are built. Second, a machining fixture is designed and manufactured after analyzing its positioning scheme, clamping scheme, materials (PEEK-GF30), and structure characteristics. Finally, the designed fixture is analyzed by FEA and experimentally verified by a cutting experiment. The results show that the deformation of the blade is an overall rigid-body displacement, the main deformation of the blade-fixture system occurs on the four clamping heads, and this fixture can effectively protect the blade from local deformation. The proposed clamping-sequence method reliably and effectively controls the local maximum deformation of the blade. The system stiffness is increased by 20 Hz, with each clamping force increased by 200 N. Both high- and low-frequency displacement in roughing milling or finishing milling are acceptable relative to the accuracy demand of blade machining. This fixture and an adaptive CNC machining process can achieve high accuracy in blade manufacturing.