对雷达制导导弹的电子对抗效能分析

针对导弹命中目标过程中的主要环节,建立电子对抗效能评价模型。通过对制导导弹引导概率和命中概率损失的分析,反映了电子干扰系统的战术作战效用。     

单机空战智能仿真系统的建立

从主要功能、模型建立、主要特点等几个方面介绍了单机空战智能仿真系统。重点介绍神经网络决策模型和飞机、雷达、导弹模型的建立。飞机机动模型采用质点运动方程，选用19个基本机动动作；机载雷达模型着重介绍雷达发现和截获目标以及盲区确定的条件；导弹模型主要介绍导弹发射、跟踪、命中条件的建立和计算；决策模型主要介绍多层前馈反向网络决策模型的输入、输出参烽以及网络拓扑结构。此外还介绍了该仿真系统在实践中的使用情况。     

电视遥控制导导弹作战效能评估与仿真

建立了电视遥控制导导弹作战效能的仿真模型,对电视遥控制导导弹进行了全弹道的三维数字仿真计算.运用蒙特卡洛法得到了毁伤概率、命中精度和达到指定毁伤概率所需导弹数等作战效能评估指标,并分析了影响其效能指标的若干因素.仿真结果表明,电视遥控制导导弹命中精度高,毁伤概率大.     

激光制导导弹干扰手段及效果评估

激光角度欺骗和烟幕是对抗激光制导导弹的有效干扰手段。义章认真分析了激光角度欺骗干扰与烟幕干扰的机理,建立了激光制导导弹的干扰模型,并通过仿真,评估了对不同目标指示器作用下的干扰效果,对激光精确制导导弹的干扰对抗有一定的指导作用。     

脉冲多普勒体制导引头功能模型数学建模…

空空导弹的系统建模是导弹研制的基础。本文以脉冲多普勒雷达导引头为例,建立一种脉冲多普勒体制的导弹导引头功能模型,建立了遮挡效应数学模型和失调角测量数学模型的设计过程,并根据PD雷达导引头的制导方式,对典型场景下导弹攻击目标的全过程进行了动态仿真。仿真验证了模型的有效性。     

攻击移动目标的末制导导弹命中概率评估方法

针对攻击移动目标的末制导导弹的命中概率评估问题,深入分析了影响导弹精度的各类误差源,研究了目标机动特性对末制导雷达捕获概率的影响,提出了打击任意形状目标的命中概率计算模型。以慢速移动目标——舰船为例进行了仿真分析,结果表明提出的命中概率评估方法能够有效融合多源信息,评估结论符合工程实际。     

高海况下反舰导弹对舰船目标攻击策略

反舰导弹攻击海面舰船目标时,通常根据目标的散射特征数据进行目标类型判定并做出决策。但是在高海况下:如果导弹横浪飞行,海浪对导弹命中目标的影响会变小,基本能保证可靠命中目标;但如果导弹顶浪飞行,则海浪会引起目标雷达反射截面积(Radar Cross Section,RCS)的起伏甚至突变,影响导弹对目标的锁定和判断。文章建立了不同海况和舰船目标的融合模型,并针对融合模型仿真计算了导弹不同突击方向时的 RCS,最终根据高海况时舰船横浪或顶浪航行的原则,按照捕捉概率最大的方向确定导弹的攻击方向。     

目标指示精度对跟踪雷达截获概率的影响

在分析压制干扰对目标指示精度影响的基础上,研究了目标指示精度对跟踪雷达截获目标概率的影响,将跟踪雷达截获目标的过程分为落入目标探测区域及发现目标两个过程,建立了相应的评价指标与模型,对模型进行了在不同的干扰及抗干扰条件下进行了仿真验证。     

基于落角约束的超声速导弹制导方案研究

针对超声速导弹具有落角约束条件下的制导问题,提出了一种新的设计方案.首先,在中制导俯冲过程中,采用攻击预先设定的虚拟目标方案,达到期望的中制导末端性能指标;然后,开始末制导俯冲段,雷达开机实时攻击实际目标,使导弹在需用过载和导引头框架角约束条件下,以期望落角命中目标.仿真结果表明,该制导律具有期望的性能要求,易于工程实现.     

基于蒙特卡洛法的制导子弹药命中概率模型

针对制导子弹药命中概率模型方面研究的不足,详细分析了制导子弹药与无控子弹药在结构与作用原理方面的不同,以及制导子弹药的捕获概率、发现识别概率;结合无控子弹药落点散布规律,运用蒙特卡洛方法建立了制导子弹药命中概率计算模型,并对不同捕获概率下对给定目标的命中概率进行了分析。仿真结果表明,制导子弹药对特定目标的命中概率远高于无控子弹药,命中概率模型的建立为制导子弹药效能分析奠定了基础。     

Electronic warfare. [A century of powered flight: 1903-2003]

Electronic warfare (EW) is a term that includes a number of different electronic technologies for intelligence gathering and/or interfering with enemy operations. Electronic intelligence (ELINT), or eavesdropping, has been going on since the invention of the telephone and telegraph. Electronic countermeasures (ECM) deprive an enemy of the electronic spectrum by creating interference (jamming) that obscures their information or generates false information (spoofing). Electronic counter countermeasures (ECCM) is an effort designed to mitigate and overcome enemy ECM operations. ECM objectives include: search for signals in frequency, azimuth, and elevation; detect and identify radar signals via characteristics; and establish signal importance; commence appropriate countermeasures. It is only recently that these technologies have traditionally been categorized as EW, and are also referred to as electronic combat (EC). This section will focus on EW as it relates only to aviation.     

ABORT-like detector to combat active deceptive jamming in a network of LFM radars

This paper studies an electronic counter-counter measures (ECCM) scheme combating against deceptive electronic counter measure (ECM) techniques.An adaptive detector exploiting generalized likelihood ratio test (GRLT) criterion is applied to detect the presence of deceptive jamming in fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) domain.First,the generating mechanism of spurious frequencies is analyzed based on the Volterra serial.The proposed nonlinear distortion model based on power amplifier behavior is robust in distortion analysis when the memory effect is considered.Second,a modified adaptive beamformer orthogonal rejection test (ABORT) like detector in closed form is built.The proposed detector can discriminate the echo and deceptive jamming adaptively by exploiting primary data and secondary data.This ECCM scheme is capable of guaranteeing the performance without the restriction of orthogonality,which is essential for the ABORT detectors.The expansion to radar network is discussed as a special case at the final part of this paper.Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Numerical simulation of RCS for carrier electronic warfare airplanes

This paper studies the radar cross section(RCS) of carrier electronic warfare airplanes.Under the typical naval operations section, the mathematical model of the radar wave’s pitch angle incidence range analysis is established. Based on the CATIA software, considering dynamic deflections of duck wing leading edge flaps, flaperons, horizontal tail, and rudder, as well as aircraft with air-to-air missile, anti-radiation missile, electronic jamming pod, and other weapons, the 3D models of carrier electronic warfare airplanes Model A and Model B with weapons were established. Based on the physical optics method and the equivalent electromagnetic flow method, by the use of the RCSAnsys software, the characteristics of carrier electronic warfare airplanes’ RCS under steady and dynamic flights were simulated under the UHF, X, and S radar bands. This paper researches the detection probability of aircraft by radars under the condition of electronic warfare, and completes the mathematical statistical analysis of the simulation results. The results show that: The Model A of carrier electronic warfare airplane is better than Model B on stealth performance and on discover probability by radar detection effectively.     

Effectiveness calculations in captive-carry HIL missile simulatorexperiments

Electronic countermeasures (ECMs) are instrumental in altering the flight path of an incoming active threat missile. To determine the effectiveness of the ECM, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) threat missile simulators are tested in several types of experimental configurations (e.g., closed-loop in an anechoic chamber, open-loop captive-carry held tests on board an aircraft). A new class of modeling and simulation algorithms is presented that allows an accurate miss distance to be calculated from a high-bandwidth ECM captive-carry test result. The techniques combine the results from each test configuration and represent an improvement in evaluating an ECM effectiveness over a singly independent analysis. Anechoic chamber and captive-carry test results from an HIL antiship missile (ASM) simulator are used to demonstrate the algorithms and detail the feasibility of the approach     

基于改进C~2R模型的突防兵力策略优选方法

空中突防作战中,如何以最优兵力策略获得最大作战效率是任务规划中的一项关键技术。构建突防飞机编队通过拦截飞机防空区模型,以突防战斗机与随队支援干扰机的架数为输入项,以成功突防架数和被击落拦截飞机的架数为输出项。根据每种飞机可出动架数产生的所有兵力策略,利用突防模型遍历推演出每种策略预期的空战结果。运用经济学中数据包络分析的方法,对经典的C~2R模型进行改进,定义3种综合评价指数,用每种指数对所有预期的空战结果进行评价并排序,根据排序结果对兵力策略进行比较分析。仿真结果表明,3种指数均能有效地对兵力策略排序优选,提升了作战指挥决策的效率。     

民用飞机液压系统建模与负载流量需求计算的研究

飞机液压系统的一个重要设计指标是能够满足全飞行剖面场景下的负载流量需求。介绍了一种用于飞机液压系统负载流量需求分析的数字仿真分析方法,通过开发数学模型构建了液压能源子系统和液压用户的负载子系统模型,进而仿真分析典型飞行剖面下液压系统的负载流量需求,模拟了飞机液压系统的动态工作过程,能够反映飞机液压系统与液压用户负载之间的耦合动态特性。仿真结果表明,这套模型满足液压系统分析需求,可用于液压系统的设计支持工作。     

民用飞机飞控系统舵面卡阻试飞方法研究

某型民用飞机是我国首次全面采用CCAR25部进行适航取证的飞机型号,民航当局特别关注飞控系统舵面卡阻故障状态下的飞行试验验证。为了保证该民用飞机飞控系统舵面卡阻试飞顺利开展,针对舵面卡阻方案设置及卡阻试飞方法进行深入研究,提出三种舵面卡阻方案,对各方案优缺点进行分析,重点介绍卡阻故障模拟方案的原理及试飞安全控制方案,并根据适航标准要求制订具体的卡阻试飞方法;通过铁鸟台试验对卡阻故障模拟方案和卡阻试飞方法进行验证。结果表明：卡阻故障模拟方案满足舵面卡阻要求,卡阻试飞方案具有较高的可行性。     

民机典型前缘结构抗鸟撞分析研究

为保障飞行安全,CCAR25 部对民机结构抗鸟撞性能提出了严格的指令性要求,须对机翼前缘、平尾前缘和垂尾前缘等典型前缘结构进行鸟撞分析。鸟撞分析涉及到结构的动力学分析、鸟体的本构关系模拟、材料的高速非线性效应以及结构大变形等多方面因素的影响,相关的计算复杂,会耗费结构设计人员大量的精力和时间。通过采用经验公式和仿真分析方法对前缘结构抗鸟撞性能进行快速的分析,可达到对结构的抗鸟撞能力进行快速预估并从而指导设计的目的。     

Fast coating analysis and modeling for RCS reduction of aircraft

In order to fast analyze the aircraft Radar Cross Section(RCS) and accurately reduce it with Radar Absorbing Materials(RAM), a comprehensive analysis method based on Higher-Order Method of Moments(HOMOM), termed Locally Coating Method(LCM), is proposed in this paper. There are two steps to fast analyze coatings for RCS reduction in this method: analyze the RCS of various parts before coating the aircraft; model a coating over the aircraft and analyze the wave absorbing effect of it. The aircraft RCS is calculated as a whole but analyzed in various parts by LCM, and thus the RCS contribution of different parts can be compared without disturbing the current continuity. A model expansion algorithm is also presented in LCM to model absorption coatings on specified aircraft parts for later stage RCS calculation of the coated aircraft.