一种民用飞机液压系统自增压油箱容积计算方法

选择合适的油箱容积是保障液压系统正常工作的必要前提，为了能够合理计算民用飞机自增压油箱的容积，基于SAE AS5586 飞机液压系统油箱通用设计要求，介绍并分析飞机液压系统工作中作动筒、蓄压器以及油液物理特性等所产生的变化容积的计算方法，提出一套循序渐进的油箱容积计算方法以求得油箱设计所需的各类容积值；以某型飞机液压系统油箱容积计算为例，通过对极冷极热天气条件下各飞行阶段的油量分析，并和机上油箱油量记录曲线对比，验证提出的容积计算方法的有效性。结果表明：该型飞机液压系统油箱容积在全飞行阶段均能满足要求，本文所提油箱容积计算方法可行，可用于类似液压系统油箱容积计算。     

滚珠旋摆作动器的优化设计

提出了一种新型液压执行机构--滚珠螺旋液压旋摆作动器,建立了一套伺服动态优化设计理论及分析方法。在结构上,采用了多头大升角的滚珠螺旋副、滚珠花键副、滚珠卸荷副、活塞式液压缸等结构,以保证作动器受力特性好、传动平稳、效率高、且输出扭矩大,适应于低、中、高压任何压力的液压系统;在理论上,导出了滚珠螺旋液压旋摆作动器优化参数的设计计算公式,分析了优化参数与系统效率、频宽之间的关系。按照该理论设计的滚珠螺旋液压旋摆作动器,系统耗能最小、效率最高、频带最宽。     

某型飞机起落架收放系统仿真与性能分析

起落架收放系统的性能对整机的安全性和舒适性具有直接影响。以国产在研某型飞机起落架收放系统为研究对象,利用该型飞机起落架收放机构的数学模型,采用LMS Virtual.Lab Rev的Motion模块和LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim软件进行起落架机构3D和起落架液压控制系统1D联合仿真,利用该联合仿真模型研究气动载荷对起落架收放系统的影响和上位锁阻尼参数对起落架收放性能的影响。结果表明:采用理论计算数值能够实现起落架在有限时间里的收放任务,考虑了气动载荷情况的仿真结果符合实际趋势;上位锁阻尼可作为优化设计的优先选取参数。     

作动器速率饱和时的PIO抑制方法

 作动器速率饱和会产生附加的时间延迟, 使系统稳定性大大降低, 并增加了驾驶员诱发振荡( PIO) 的趋势。为防止作动器速率饱和, 在飞控系统中一般设置了软件速率限制器。对比分析了3 种软件速率限制器, 探讨了它们的开环和闭环特性, 从研究角度出发, 提出了某型飞机在出现低液压故障情况下的PIO 抑制方案。非线性六自由度仿真结果表明, 该方案明显改善了算例飞机在严重低液压故障时的动态响应, 降低了PIO 趋势。     

超磁致伸缩电静液作动器的试验研究与特性分析

超磁致伸缩材料驱动的电静液作动器具有结构高度集成、性能影响因素多以及理论分析复杂等特点,为寻求超磁致伸缩电静液作动器可靠的理论分析方法以提高其输出性能,首先搭建了超磁致伸缩执行器与作动器试验测试平台,完成了执行器与作动器动态特性对比试验,在准确测试与观察试验现象的基础上,对超磁致伸缩电静液作动器进行结构分解,以各环节固有频率为理论分析切入点,采用试验、理论与有限元分析相结合的方法,分析了悬臂梁阀片、管路、液压缸以及蓄能器等动态特性对作动器输出性能的影响规律,总结出符合试验结果的理论分析方法并确定了影响与制约作动器输出性能的关键环节,最后提出了超磁致伸缩电静液作动器优化改进方案,优化后作动器试验结果显示：在200 Hz左右、0.6 MPa 的偏压作用下,选取 0.15 mm 厚度的阀片,作动器的输出性能达到最佳,其输出流量最大可达1.2 L/min。     

自适应伸长型火工作动装置的动态特性研究

火工作动装置广泛应用于航天器上,能够在相当短的时间内释放出相当大的能量,并转化为机械能输出做功,以完成预定程序动作。作为一次性做功的驱动装置,火工作动装置的动态特性与任务成败直接相关。自适应伸长型火工作动装置通过燃烧腔与动力腔两腔燃气压力的动态调整,以获得满足要求的输出性能。针对自适应伸长型火工作动装置的工作过程,考虑火药燃烧与活塞杆运动的强耦合关系、小孔节流等因素,基于经典内弹道理论建立作动过程理论模型,采用MATLAB/Simulink建立对应的仿真分析模型,求解得到火工作动装置的腔室内燃气压力变化规律、输出性能等动态特性。仿真结果与试验结果基本吻合,能够为火工作动装置的设计提供一定的理论依据。     

民机液压系统安全阀下游回油管路动态压力分析

针对民机液压系统中液压泵持续大流量输出导致安全阀开启后瞬时向回油管路泄压这种回油管路压力较高的典型场景,基于AMESim软件平台建立了安全阀下游回油管路动态压力分析模型,对一些可能影响安全阀下游回油管路动态压力的液压系统元件及参数进行了分析.仿真结果分析表明:液压系统中元件的液容和液阻效应可以降低回油管路动态压力峰值;...     

某型通航飞机液压系统故障诊断仿真研究

飞机液压系统发生故障会直接影响飞机运行安全,为准确分析通航飞机液压系统常见故障,根据某型通航飞机液压系统工作原理及相关参数,采用AMESim软件对该机型液压系统工作过程进行仿真。该型通航飞机液压系统常见故障为系统气塞和系统泄漏,因此通过AMESim软件对系统气塞、系统泄漏、气塞+泄漏三种故障状态下飞机起落架收放作动筒活塞杆位移量的变化时间进行仿真计算。仿真结果表明当空气含量达到30%时或者当节流孔直径达到1.5mm时飞机起落架收放作动筒活塞杆收放时间超标。这一结果为该机型液压系统机务维修提供技术支持。     

基于遗传算法的并联贮箱平衡排放调节方法研究

为了解决双组元推进系统的并联贮箱推进剂消耗不平衡问题,根据气路系统的压力输出特点,提出了一种基于遗传算法的平衡排放主动调节方法。引入多方方程,建立了调节模型,首先使用先进多目标遗传算法NSGA-Ⅱ进行了修正参数的优化选取,然后通过参数优化后的调节模型对预调节参数进行了求解。仿真计算结果与试验数据的对比分析表明,调节前后的压力及调节量等参数的相对误差在千分之五之内,该并联贮箱平衡排放调节计算方法正确、有效。最后,通过算例,分析了贮箱压力及气体容积对平衡排放控制能力的影响,计算表明,推进剂的消耗有益于提高单次平衡排放调节幅度,调节时间主要与调节量及贮箱压差相关。     

螺桨调速系统压力膜盒破损故障分析

 某型飞机螺桨调速系统中的压力膜盒曾产生破损事故，导致发动机空中停车，影响飞机正常飞行。对该螺桨调速系统进行了理论分析和实验研究。求取了系统各组成元件及管路结构数学模型，进行了系统的液压脉动响应数字仿真计算，并在飞机地面试车条件下对实际系统进行了压力脉动测量及频谱分析。计算所得的压力膜盒前压力脉动响应的峰－峰值，与飞机地面试车实测结果吻合。进而对压力膜盒破损事故的产生原因进行了仿真计算及分析，并提出消除故障的对策，经有关部门采用，取得了较好效果     

QFT force loop design for the aerodynamic load simulator

A dynamic load simulator which can reproduce on-ground the aerodynamic hinge moment of a control surface is an essential rig for conducting performance and stability tests of aircraft actuation systems. The hinge moment varies widely over the flight envelope, depending on the specific flight condition and maneuvering status. To replicate the wide spectrum of this hinge moment variation within some accuracy hounds, a force controller is designed based on the Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT). A dynamic model of the load actuation system Is derived, and compared with experimental results. Through this comparison, a nominal model of the load actuation system with some uncertainty bounds is developed. The efficacy of the QFT force controller is verified by a numerical simulation, in which combined aircraft dynamics, flight control law and hydraulic actuation system dynamics of the aircraft control surface are considered     

Analysis of the dynamic performance of an electro-hydrostatic actuator and improvement methods

As a kind of actuation mechanism for power-by-wire (PBW) actuation systems of more/all electrical aircraft, an electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) is a highly integrated local hydraulic actuation system. It is a volume control system consisting of a motor, a pump, an actuator, etc., which has features of high efficiency and reliability. However, the poor dynamic characteristic is one of the main factors restricting its wide application in aircraft. In this paper, the reason for the poor dynamic characteristic of an EHA is revealed from the perspectives of the natural frequency characteristic and the power requirement, respectively. In other words, the insufficiency of the motor output power at a high frequency is the main factor causing the poor dynamic characteristic of the system, and methods which include increasing the maximum output torque of the motor, reducing the rotational inertia of the motor-pump group, and adopting a double-motor-pump group configuration are proposed in this paper, by which the dynamic characteristic of the system can be improved. The feasibility of those methods are verified by simulations. Finally, the dynamic characteristic is tested on an EHA prototype, and results show that saturation of the output torque of the motor is the main factor restricting the dynamic characteristic of the EHA system.     

反推力装置液压作动系统AMESim建模与仿真

根据飞机反推力装置液压作动系统的结构特点及工作原理,建立了其蜗轮蜗杆部件、丝杠螺母部件和作动筒的数学模型及系统的AMESim模型。针对某型反推作动系统进行了仿真,分析了其位移、同步性、受力变化规律;通过设置批参数运行的方式,初步分析了丝杠导程角、蜗轮蜗杆减速比和供油压力不足对作动系统性能的影响。仿真结果表明:所建模型能模拟作动系统的伸出和收回时的工作状态,为反推作动系统设计参数选择、受力分析和故障诊断提供了平台。      

泵驱动相变冷却系统中储液器压力响应特性

储液器作为泵驱动两相冷却系统的关键设备,其响应特性将直接影响系统的运行效果.通过储液器压力特性在泵启动过程、热源启动过程和系统稳定运行过程之间响应关系的实验研究和理论分析,结果表明在机械泵启动阶段,由于工质R134a的物理特性和和齿轮泵的工作特性,储液器压力越低,系统启动越稳定.储液器压力的变化,对热源启动过程影响较小,热源启动稳定.在稳定运行阶段,储液器压力越低,蒸发器出口温度波动越大.      

民用飞机液压管路系统设计流程与方法

飞机液压管路系统设计的优劣直接影响着液压系统及用户系统的性能.为了形成设计指导,根据民用飞机的设计思路,从需求入手,总结民用飞机研制各阶段液压管路系统设计输入、输出信息的捕获、设计方法及应达到的设计目标.通过实例,验证了所采用的压降曲线谱快速分配、调整压降及管径方法简单有效,本文所总结的设计流程与方法能够指导民用飞机液压管路系统的设计.     

飞机液压系统流量压力负载模拟

流量压力负载模拟是模拟飞机各个液压功能子系统工作时所需要流量和压力的半物理仿真.阐述了飞机流量压力负载模拟的工作原理和控制难点,推导了流量压力控制阀的数学模型以及试验系统的数学模型,并做了合理的线性化,采用智能模糊PI控制算法设计控制器,在MATLAB中对算法进行了仿真,并应用在实际工程中.仿真和试验结果表明,该控制算...     

Design and Simulation of Electro-hydrostatic Actuator with a Built-in Power Regulator

The electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) is a kind of power-by-wire (PBW) actuator that converts the electrical power into localized hydraulic power for flight control. By removing the central hydraulic power supply together with hydraulic pipes, an EHA's reliability and efficiency are greatly improved but its frequency width and stiffness decreased. To overcome the drawback, this article proposes a novel structure of EHA associated with a power regulator. Composed of a high-pressure accumulator and a proportional valve, it can store and harness the hydraulic power flexibly according to the changing control requirements. The concept of transferred volume is put forward to estimate the capability of the power regulator. The actuator output position can be kept fixed with a hydraulic lock. The compounded control is specially developed to ensure the actuator system to operate in a correct manner. The simulation results indicate that the new-brand actuator results in efficient expanding of the system frequency width with an optimal power supply.     

Robust Control for Static Loading of Electro-hydraulic Load Simulator with Friction Compensation

Load simulator is a key test equipment for aircraft actuation systems in hardware-in-the-loop-simulation. Static loading is an essential function of the load simulator and widely used in the static/dynamic stiffness test of aircraft actuation systems. The tracking performance of the static loading is studied in this paper. Firstly, the nonlinear mathematical models of the hydraulic load simulator are derived, and the feedback linearization method is employed to construct a feed-forward controller to improve the force tracking performance. Considering the effect of the friction, a LuGre model based friction compensation is synthesized, in which the unmeasurable state is estimated by a dual state observer via a controlled learning mechanism to guarantee that the estimation is bounded. The modeling errors are attenuated by a well-designed robust controller with a control accuracy measured by a design parameter. Employing the dual state observer is to capture the different effects of the unmeasured state and hence can improve the friction compensation accuracy. The tracking performance is summarized by a derived theorem. Experimental results are also obtained to verify the high performance nature of the proposed control strategy.