AZ31B镁合金电子束焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率分析

对AZ31B镁合金母材及其电子束焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率进行研究,测试缺口位于母材、焊缝、热影响区(HAZ)时3组试验的裂纹扩展门槛值及扩展速率,并对3种试样疲劳裂纹扩展断口进行SEM分析.结果表明:缺口位于焊缝的裂纹扩展门槛值高于母材及HAZ,且疲劳裂纹扩展速率小于母材及HAZ.AZ31B镁合金母材及HAZ疲劳裂纹扩展断口都呈现河流状花样,为准解理脆性断口;焊缝的疲劳裂纹扩展断口中有许多撕裂棱、韧窝,表现出一定韧性,断口为以脆性为主的韧-脆混合断裂;随着裂纹扩展速率增大,三者断口中的解理台阶变粗大,疲劳条带变宽.     

30CrMnSiNi2A钢电子束焊接头的疲劳裂纹扩展特性研究

比较了26mm厚30CrMnSiNi2A超高强度钢电子束焊接头的母材、热影响区和焊缝区的疲劳裂纹扩展速率.试验结果表明,母材的抗疲劳裂纹扩展性能最好;热影响区抗疲劳裂纹扩展性能相对较弱;焊缝区的抗疲劳裂纹扩展性能接近母材.分别观察了母材、热影响区和焊缝区3个区域疲劳试样的断口形貌,发现接头各区域均呈现多源启裂特征,在稳...     

A7N01铝合金焊接接头组织和疲劳性能研究

研究了A7N01高强铝合金焊接接头的组织性能和疲劳性能。结果表明:焊缝中心为铸造组织,近缝热影响区为晶粒粗大的变形晶粒,远离焊缝的母材区为轧制态组织;焊接接头各微区显微硬度分布不均匀,热影响区存在"软化现象";预置缺口的焊接试样在相同应力幅下,母材区疲劳寿命最长,热影响区次之,焊缝区最短;A7N01铝合金的TIG焊结构多数在焊缝区发生疲劳断裂,焊缝区的表面气孔、夹杂等缺陷和热裂纹是引起疲劳失效启裂的主要原因,焊缝区屈服强度低可能是导致该微区疲劳扩展寿命低的直接原因。     

锻造TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头的疲劳破坏机制

对锻造TC4钛合金电子束焊接(EBW)接头进行了应力控制的高周疲劳试验和应变控制的低周疲劳试验,利用扫描电子显微镜对疲劳断口进行观察与分析,研究了疲劳裂纹的起裂机制.研究结果表明:所有的高周疲劳试样裂纹起裂位置和最后断裂位置均发生在母材区,而低周疲劳试验试样断裂位置表现出不确定性,在焊缝区和母材区均可导致裂纹起裂.高周疲劳载荷下,裂纹起源于表面滑移;低周疲劳时,裂纹可能在接头母材区的表面起裂,也可能在接头焊缝的内部缺陷处起裂,裂纹起裂模式取决于载荷大小.      

铝合金T型接头双激光束焊接断裂行为研究

为推动双光束激光焊接在国产大型客机机身壁板上的应用,系统研究了6000系列铝合金T型接头CO2激光焊接试验件的断裂行为。试验表明:在横向拉伸、纵向拉伸和剪切这3种检测方式下,T型接头的起裂位置均为焊趾处,裂纹沿着下熔合线扩展,下熔合线区为T型焊接接头的薄弱区。     

薄壁结构焊接接头CTOD试验分析

设计测试薄壁结构平面应力断裂韧性的三点弯曲测试试样,应用于GH4169焊接接头CTOD测试试验。采用光学金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察分析各试样的裂纹扩展形貌和断口形貌。依据BS7448标准的规定分析CTOD测试过程有效性。结果表明,采用设计三点弯曲试样进行的GH4169焊接接头CTOD测试过程是有效的;GH4169母材的断裂韧性较好,裂纹为延性起裂特性;GH4169焊缝和熔合区的断裂韧性较差,裂纹为脆性起裂特性。     

2219铝合金厚板TIG焊接头组织与力学性能研究

采用氦弧打底+氩弧填充、盖面的焊接工艺对2219-T87铝合金15 mm厚板进行TIG焊接试验，研究其焊缝成形和组织力学性能。结果表明，此工艺焊缝成形美观，无可见焊接缺陷，气孔抑制效果好，接头平均抗拉强度为278.22 MPa，平均断后延伸率为3.89%，接头平均强度系数达到58.94%。接头硬度整体表现为焊缝中心最低，从焊缝中心到母材呈现先增大后局部降低再增大的趋势；且焊缝中心填充层硬度高于打底层和盖面层。熔合区的微观组织为柱状树枝晶和胞状树枝晶，且垂直于熔合线生长，在靠近熔合区两侧出现了等轴细晶带。焊接接头断面有较多撕裂棱和韧窝，局部发现第二相粒子和微孔，其断裂机制为典型的韧性断裂。     

激光焊接螺栓组件焊缝开裂失效分析

GH6159合金/GH4169合金激光焊接螺栓组件,在试验后发现螺栓顶端焊缝处存在裂纹。为分析螺栓组件裂纹产生原因,对裂纹螺栓进行断口和金相分析,确定裂纹的性质为过载断裂,裂纹从焊合区和未焊合区的界线起始,沿焊接深度方向扩展。为分析裂纹产生规律,采用金相法测量焊接深度,发现裂纹处焊接深度大多比非裂纹处焊接深度小,且焊接深度不满足设计要求。对螺栓组件使用情况和强度进行分析确定,弹簧片优先受力,使得焊接结构承受较大载荷,焊接薄弱处因焊接有效承载面积小而过载破坏,是开裂的主要原因。提出了结构和焊接优化措施,在试车过程中螺栓组件开裂问题未复现,说明采取的优化措施有效。     

铝锂合金8090+Ce的疲劳断裂特征

研究了铝锂合金8090+Ce的疲劳寿命和断裂特征,并与2024铝合金相对比。结果表明,铝锂合金8090+Ce各应力水平的疲劳寿命均低于2024铝合金;其早期沿晶萌生的微小裂纹一般沿晶纵向扩展,而发展成为非扩展短裂纹,不构成对疲劳寿命的危害;其主断裂面上的短裂纹沿粗滑移带扩展,显示宽而平直的典型脆性疲劳条带;其瞬断方式为穿晶粗滑移带开裂+穿晶和沿晶撕裂的混合型,对应于较小的失稳扩展临界尺寸。     

焊接速度对7050-T7451铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头疲劳性能的影响

针对5 mm厚航空用铝合金7050-T7451进行了不同焊速时搅拌摩擦焊接头的微观结构和低周疲劳性能的研究.结果表明:接头焊核区面积与焊核区晶粒度都随着焊接速度的增加而减小;转速为400 r/min、焊速为40 mm/min时,接头具有最好的疲劳性能;搅拌摩擦焊接头的低周疲劳裂纹均在接头底部启裂,沿前进侧热机械影响区与焊核区的过渡区域扩展至断裂.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.