基于RISC-V微处理器的软硬件调试方法研究与实现

良好、完备的调试接口不但可以加快星上软件的开发速度,也为在轨编程提供有效的解决方法。文章在分析比较硬件、软件、软硬件结合3种调试方式的基础上,提出一种基于RISC-V (第五代精简指令集)调试机制的软硬件相结合的调试方法,利用RISC-V微处理器提供的DM机制进行调试、仿真设计;采用GDB调试工具、 TCP/IP协议、 JTAG协议等,结合DM机制完成软硬件调试。     

神舟飞船出舱活动故障模式和对策的设计与实践

根据出舱活动任务及程序安排,以确保航天员安全和提高出舱活动任务可靠性为原则,提出了飞行事件时域、空域分析与出舱活动故障树分析（FTA）和失效模式与影响分析（FMEA）结果相结合的设计方法,完成了我国出舱活动飞行任务故障模式与对策。所设计的多种出舱活动故障模式与对策,覆盖了出舱活动飞行任务可能发生的各种情况,经出舱活动飞行试验验证,故障模式设计及对策设计合理,有力保证了神舟七号飞船出舱活动的圆满成功,具有工程实用价值。     

出舱活动试验系统间舱压数据接口设计

以出舱活动某试验中,航天员系统与飞船系统间舱压数据接口通信的设计和实现为例,探讨了通用数据通信机制在载人航天信息监测和通信中的应用。该接口模块基于动态数据交换（DDE）设计,实现1帧/s采样,正式试验连续运行超过6h,数据量累计691200byte,通畅无阻塞,顺利地完成了舱压数据的采集通信任务。实践证明,基于DDE通信的接口设计,可以扩展到载人航天任务其它软件产品间的数据交互应用中。     

一种基于遥测数据压缩的硬件系统设计与实现

在基于遥测数据特点的背景下,提出了一种遥测数据实时无损压缩系统的设计方案。在这个压缩系统中,采用小波变换的方法对数据信号进行去噪预处理,能够有效减少数据量。同时,处理后的数据采用基于字典的LZW无损压缩算法,能够无失真地还原信号,这也正是遥测数据所要求的。     

Application of existing launch and flight system hardware for early SEI mission

A major paradigm shift in space exploration is at hand. While great discipline must be exercised, we can reinstitute the exploration of the Moon and Mars through use of current systems and technology. These early initiatives will require coupling available or growth boosters with evolving upper stages and spacecraft that employ new emerging technologies and subsystems to characterize the resources, topography, gravity and sites for future manned expeditions. We have the opportunity to perform first-rate scientific research while also serving the needs of the unfolding Space Exploration Initiative. These early programs can be pursued within limited budgets if management techniques, best described as “fast track”, are applied. Examples of such efforts that met all federal regulations, yet achieved significant returns in 1- to 2-year spans, are given.     

运载火箭性能计算一体化优化设计系统分析与设计

运载火箭性能计算一体化优化设计系统在运载火箭方案论证设计阶段中有着重要的应用价值。本文在面向对象方法学的指导下，建立了运载火箭性能计算一体化优化设计软件系统的对象模型、动态模型以及功能模型，划分了系统的组成模块，利用Visual studio 6．O和Office2000开发实现了该软件系统。对象技术的应用使得系统具有良好的通用性。该软件系统可以完成不同型号运载火箭和不同优化设计性能要求的仿真优化计算，软件具有较好的稳定性、可重用性和可维护性。     

对见习管制员带培工作的一点认识

每一个成熟优秀的管制员都是从见习管制员开始其职业生涯的,就如每一个人都经历过自己的童年一样。童年的经历和所得对一个人将来的成长和发展至关重要,这也就是见习管制员带培工作非常重要的原因。我们都知道一个成熟优秀的管制员应具备严谨细致的工作作风、处惊不乱的心理素质以及良好的业     

雷达电子对抗仿真训练系统设计与应用

对雷达电子对抗装备进行仿真模拟训练是一种经济性好、保密性强的先进的训练方法,为此设计了一套基于高层体系结构和建模技术的雷达电子战仿真训练系统。系统以高层体系结构为基本框架,以软件工程技术为核心,并以末制导雷达干扰有源干扰效果评估为例介绍了系统的评估原理。应用实践证明,系统可满足单装备、单平台、小型编组仿真训练要求,有较好的扩展性,具有一定的经济效益和军事效益。     

正交设计遗传算法在固体火箭优化设计中的应用

提出了一种基于正交设计的遗传算法,给出了其在固体火箭优化设计中的一个应用实例。结果表明：对于固体火箭优化设计问题,该算法可有效减少搜索次数,加快收敛速度。     

Integrated design systems — capturing, reusing and optimizing design methods in new millennium

An important goal of New Millennium is to research new methods of performing spacecraft and mission design. We have completed the first phase of our effort on how to make design tools such as analysis programs more available. We are now embarking with Stanford University on discovering methods to allow more project history and knowledge to be automatically captured and reused and with Ames Research Center on how to use virtual reality to enhance the visualization of new missions before any hardware exists. We are also trying to capture the design process in an electronic form so that computer aided optimization may lead to a vastly greater search of the possible designs which meet the design requirements.     

Astronaut training for the European ISS contributions Columbus module and ATV

An essential part of increment preparation for the ISS is the training of the flight crews. Each international partner is responsible for the basic training of its own astronauts, where a basic knowledge is taught on space science and engineering, ISS systems and operations and general astronaut skills like flying, diving, survival, language, etc. The main parts of the ISS crew training are the Advanced Training, e.g., generic ISS operations; nominal and malfunction systems operations and emergencies, and the Increment-Specific Training, i.e., operations and tasks specific to a particular increment. The Advanced and Increment-Specific Training is multilateral training, i.e., each partner is training all ISS astronauts on its contributions to the ISS program. Consequently, ESA is responsible for the Basic Training of its own astronauts and the Advanced and Increment-Specific Training of all ISS crews after Columbus activation on Columbus Systems Operations, Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV), and ESA payloads.

This paper gives an overview of the ESA ISS Training Program for Columbus Systems Operations and ATV, for which EADS Space Transportation GmbH is the prime contractor. The key training tasks, the training flow and the training facilities are presented.     

Astronautics and psychology: recommendations for the psychological training of astronauts

The methods presently applied in the psychological training of astronauts are based on the principle of ensuring maximum performance of astronauts during missions. The shortcomings are obvious since those undergoing training provide nothing but the best ability to cope with Earth problem situations and add simply an experience of space problem situations as they are presently conceived. Earth attitudes and Earth behaviour remain and are simply modified. Through the utilization of interdisciplinary space knowledge a much higher degree of problem anticipation could be achieved and the astronaut be psychologically transformed into a space-being. This would at the same time stimulate interdisciplinary space research. The interdisciplinary space knowledge already available suggests that space requires not only physical and mental adjustments, but a profoundly new relationship with life.     

System design and examination of spaceborne microwave rain-scatterometer

The remote sensing of precipitation, especially rain by the spaceborne weather radar is an important subject which has not been realized. The system design and examination of the spaceborne weather radar which is called as the spaceborne microwave rain-scatterometer are performed by considering user's requirements to observe rain, the restrictions derived from the interface with satellite and the state of the art and the possibility of spaceborne microwave technology. Characteristic parameters for spaceborne microwave rain-scatterometer are determined based on the user's requirements for the system. Functions and performances of each subsystem (antenna, transmitters, receivers and data transmission processor) with the detailed block diagram of the total system of spaceborne microwave rain-scatterometer are shown. All of the critical items of hardware in the development of spaceborne microwave rain-scatterometer are also discussed.     

Orbital design and technological feasibility of Halley mission

Missions to Halley's comet in 1985–1986 are discussed. They include pre-perihelion encounter, post-perihelion encounter, the utilization of Venus swing-by, one round mission in which the spacecraft goes the round of the Sun before the encounter and missions to the point beneath the perihelion of Halley's orbit. Technological feasibility of the small spacecraft is also discussed on the basis of the use of the improved version of M-3S launch vehicle.     

Effect of physical fitness and training on physiological responses to hypogravity.

The studies on the orthostatic tolerance during the hypodynamics exposure seem to be significant in connection with the selection, training and health maintenance of astronauts. Using male human subjects of various physical fitness levels, fluctuations of their physical fitness through 2 weeks of vigorous athletic training were measured in many parameters. For some of the subjects, the effects of 6 hr thermal neutral water immersion exposure in head out supine position on the physical fitness parameters and orthostatic tolerability were compared before training with after training. The results obtained were as follows: (1) Before training, orthostatic tolerability before hypodynamics exposure increased, following the physical fitness levels; the value after the hypodynamics exposure decreased in all the cases, but no differences were observed between the physical fitness levels. (2) As a result of training an increase of the physical fitness capacity was observed. The increase of orthostatic tolerability before hypodynamics exposure was noticed except for athletes. (3) Before hypodynamics exposure the urinary excretion of noradrenaline on non-athlete subjects increased as the physicsl fitness level increased. The values were decreased by physical training, the more so the better the physical fitness. After hypodynamics exposure the same relation was observed. But for athletes the values remain more stable and the decrease by hypodynamics exposure was not so distinctive. Such decreased reaction to hypodynamic conditions seems to reveal the neuro hormonal mechanism for the detrimental adaptation of athletes to hypodynamics. These results suggest that stable athletes do not always have low orthostatic tolerability, but do not respond well to hypodynamic conditions, at least from the orthostatic point of view. The mechanism seems related to sympathetic nerve activity.     

多靶场联合战试训体系结构研究

通过借鉴外军靶场试验训练体系结构,概括了多靶场联合战试训体系结构的内涵和构成,从多靶场联合战试训系统体系结构设计、应用体系结构设计、对象模型开发和网关设计与实现要求等方面,探讨了联合战试训体系结构逻辑靶场建设方法.在此基础上提出了通过拓展靶场职能、整合试验与训练资源,实现多靶场试验资源、试验空间和试验能力的联合应用,建设战试训一体化联合靶场的发展思路.     

雷达对抗兵棋中的棋子设计与应用

棋子作为兵棋推演的基础体系,关系着兵棋开发的成败,兵棋的棋子设计是兵棋开发的基础工作。雷达对抗兵棋既要具备常规兵棋的一般特点,也要具备自身领域特色。从分析雷达对抗兵棋棋子的特点出发,重点找出各类棋子的主要属性,对雷达、雷达干扰、雷达诱饵、反辐射武器等棋子进行了设计,并分析了雷达对抗兵棋的典型应用。     

Flexibility in system design and implications for aerospace systems

The purpose of this paper is to review the concept of flexibility as discussed in various fields of investigations, to extract its characteristic features, and to explore its implications in the case of aerospace system design. In order to discuss any subject matter clearly, it is necessary to begin with a clear set of definitions. Indeed much can be gained through careful and consistent definitions of terms alone. Flexibility however is a word rich with ambiguity. While it is being increasingly used in various fields, few attempts have been made to formally define, quantify, and propose ways for achieving flexibility. This paper proposes to fill in part of this gap by synthesizing a clear and consistent definition of flexibility. It will do so by reviewing the usage of the term in various fields of inquiries, and show that it is indeed possible to clearly and unambiguously characterize flexibility, and to disentangle it from closely related concepts.     

固体火箭发动机点火系统一体化设计及仿真

基于ACIS几何造型平台结合HOOPS图形显示,开展了固体火箭发动机点火器一体化设计及性能仿真的研究.实现了快速预估点火器的主要结构尺寸、预示点火器的性能及三维模型的实时显示和交互.提出了一种计算点火器质量流量和压强时间关系的模型,通过比较证明了模型的有效性.采用流场数值模拟软件对点火过程进行分析,得到的结果和理论计算结果吻合较好.     

流体动压集装式机械密封的选型及应用

介绍了流体动压集装式机械密封的原理及应用,针对输油泵的工作环境和技术特点,设计出符合要求的流体动压型集装式机械密封,对端面动力槽进行了对比、选型,并进行了多种摩擦副材料配对试验验证,分析认为采用圆弧深槽方案可以有效地改善密封端面的润滑情况,使密封具有高的可靠性和好的密封性能。