结构可靠度逐步逼近径向基神经网络响应面法

提出了逐步逼近径向基神经网络响应面法计算结构可靠度,这种数值方法较好地解决了结构功能函数非线性及结构随机变量非正态分布时采用结构可靠度指标度量结构可靠度存在误差的问题.经过多个数值试验表明,该算法迭代收敛迅速、计算准确性较高、应用过程简单.利用这种方法对含有多个随机变量的结构进行可靠性分析和设计,特别是当结构功能函数具有较强的非线性或结构随机变量分布具有较大的偏斜度时,具有一定的应用价值.      

基于径向基神经网络的气动热预测代理模型

为快速获取高超声速飞行器表面热流数据并缩短飞行器气动热设计周期,提出了一种基于径向基神经网络的气动热快速预测代理模型方法。首先,在飞行器表面每一个离散化的网格节点单独构造一种正则化的径向基神经网络。随后,通过训练集对所有网络同时进行训练,获得各自网络的连接权值。最后,所有网格节点的神经网络协同预测飞行器表面不同位置的热流。对NASA火星实验室的椭圆钝化高超声速飞行器的应用表明,所提出的代理模型方法在模型训练完成后能够快速进行飞行器表面热流预测,并且模型具有良好的泛化能力,在驻点及迎风大面积区域热流预测结果与数值模拟的偏差在10%以内。     

基于IPSO Elman神经网络的航空发动机故障诊断

为提高航空发动机故障诊断的精度,提出改进粒子群优化的Elman神经网络对航空发动机故障诊断的方法。利用MIV(平均影响值)对神经网络的输入端自变量进行筛选,降低输入维度;采用改进粒子群优化算法对Elman神经网络的权值和阀值进行优化,并对优化的神经网络进行训练;用训练好的神经网络对航空发动机故障进行诊断并与常规的BP（back propagation）、Elman神经网络、GM（1,n）、SVM (support vector machines)进行对比。仿真结果表明:IPSO Elman(improved particle swarm optimization Elman neural network)神经网络的诊断误差在不同数量训练样本时都小于其他方法,并且在参选故障诊断的性能参数不同时,其诊断误差相近,展现出较强的适应能力。      

基于模糊模型的鲁棒自适应重构飞行控制

提出了一种基于模糊模型的歼击机鲁棒自适应重构控制方案。整个控制方案基于T S模糊模型,将歼击机各飞行状态的局部线性调节器与鲁棒自适应神经网络重构控制器相结合,避免了传统的增益预置方法中控制律在不同工作点之间切换造成的参数突变对系统性能的影响,可以保证系统在全局上拥有局部工作点具有的期望性能,证明了重构系统的全局闭环渐近稳定性。所提出的带有补偿项的完全自适应RBF神经网络,通过在线自适应调整RBF神经网络的权重、函数中心和宽度,提高了神经网络的学习能力,同时通过自适应补偿项来在线估计神经网络的近似误差边界,可以有效地在线修正建模误差、外扰及操纵面故障等因素的影响,保证系统的操纵品质。仿真结果表明了所提出方法的有效性。     

Fault diagnosis of bearings based on deep separable convolutional neural network and spatial dropout

Bearing pitting, one of the common faults in mechanical systems, is a research hotspot in both academia and industry. Traditional fault diagnosis methods for bearings are based on manual experience with low diagnostic efficiency. This study proposes a novel bearing fault diagnosis method based on deep separable convolution and spatial dropout regularization. Deep separable convolution extracts features from the raw bearing vibration signals, during which a 3 × 1 convolutional kernel with a one-s...     

基于ANN与FNN的飞机防滑刹车系统设计

飞机防滑刹车问题的关键是滑移率。为了使飞机刹车以最佳滑移率工作,防止陷入深度打滑和获得最大的刹车结合系数,提出一种智能飞机刹车系统,该系统由两部分组成:①利用神经网络(ANN)构造的,能实时获得最佳滑移率的最佳滑移率识别器;②利用模糊神经网络(FNN)构造的,能快速逼近目标滑移率的FNN控制器。计算机仿真结果表明系统的控制精度、稳定性和对复杂工况的适应性都得到了提高。     

Neural network learning of low-probability events

In the problem of stationary target identification (STI) via millimeter wave (MMW) seeker radars in heavy clutter environments, it is often necessary to use nonparametric identification procedures, as detailed parametric models of clutter and target returns are generally unavailable. Neural networks provide an attractive approach to perform nonparametric identification. However, when identifying low-probability events, the computational overhead associated with training a neural network can become excessive. This is because low-probability events must be adequately represented in the training sample. We present a modified backpropagation training algorithm based on a likelihood ratio weighting function (LRWF) to train the neural network using a much smaller training set than that required using the standard backpropagation algorithm This algorithm is closely related to the importance sampling technique used in digital communication systems to obtain probability of error estimates by using a much smaller number of simulation runs than what is required with standard Monte Carlo simulation. The modified backpropagation technique results in a significant reduction in computational overhead in training the network, resulting from a substantial reduction in the size of the training set required to achieve a given level of performance. We demonstrate the performance of the algorithm on simulated data for the STI problem in MMW radar     

Feedforward maximum power point tracking of PV systems using fuzzy controller

A feedforward maximum power (MP) point tracking scheme is developed for the interleaved dual boost (IDB) converter fed photovoltaic (PV) system using fuzzy controller. The tracking algorithm changes the duty ratio of the converter such that the solar cell array (SCA) voltage equals the voltage corresponding to the MP point at that solar insolation. This is done by the feedforward loop, which generates an error signal by comparing the instantaneous array voltage and reference voltage. The reference voltage for the feedforward loop, corresponding to the MP point, is obtained by an off-line trained neural network. Experimental data is used for off-line training of the neural network, which employs back-propagation algorithm. The proposed fuzzy feedforward peak power tracking effectiveness is demonstrated through the simulation and experimental results, and compared with the conventional proportional plus integral (PI) controller based system. Finally, a comparative study of interleaved boost and conventional boost converter for the PV applications is given and their suitability is discussed.     

A fault-tolerant neural aided controller for aircraft auto-landing

This paper presents a neural-aided controller that enhances the fault tolerant capabilities of a high performance fighter aircraft during the landing phase when subjected to severe winds and failures such as stuck control surfaces. The controller architecture uses a neural controller aiding an existing conventional controller. The neural controller uses a feedback error learning mechanism and employs a dynamic Radial Basis Function neural network called Extended Minimal Resource Allocating Network (EMRAN), which uses only on-line learning and does not need a priori training. The conventional controller is designed using a classical design approach to achieve the desired autonomous landing profile with tight touchdown dispersions called herein as the pillbox. This design is carried out for no failure conditions but with the aircraft being subjected to winds. The failure scenarios considered in this study are: (i) Single faults of either aileron or elevator stuck at certain deflections, and (ii) double fault cases where both the aileron and elevator are stuck at different deflections. Simulation studies indicate that the designed conventional controller has only a limited failure handling ability. However, neural controller augmentation considerably improves the ability to handle large faults and meet the strict touchdown dispersion requirements, thus enlarging the fault-tolerance envelope.     

红外航空图像自动目标识别的形态滤波神经网络算法

 提出了一种有实用意义的形态滤波神经网络模型及其自适应 BP学习算法。形态滤波网络的优化设计过程实际上是网络参数 (结构元素 )不断调整、逐步适应图像环境的优化学习过程,从而将目标客体的特征规律反映到网络结构上来,以实现对复杂变化的图像具有良好的滤波性能和稳健的适应能力。为结合运动图像目标的检测需要,采用了渐进收缩误差、适时校正网络权值的动态跟踪学习算法。通过实验结果可以看出,该算法不仅能适应复杂多样的背景环境,而且对运动目标的连续检测能力具有位移不变、伸缩不变和旋转不变的特性。     

自动计算NURBS初始权因子的方法

通过对NURBS曲线权因子几何属性的深入分析,给出了一个直观、简洁和客观计算权因子的一般方法 ;在此基础上,提出了利用线性插值法和嵌入ANN算法的自动计算NURBS权因子的具体方法。根据NURBS控制多边形的形状以及曲线的形状约束条件,自动计算出NURBS曲线的一组初始权因子。     

结构可靠性分析中考虑高次项修正的组合响应面法

响应面法被广泛地应用于大型复杂结构隐式极限状态方程的可靠性分析,然而至今响应面法的精度仍是未完全得以解决的问题。分析并指出了影响响应面法精度的主要因素,针对这些影响响应面法精度的主要因素,提出了考虑高次项修正的组合响应面法,该方法在真实极限状态方程对结构失效概率贡献较大的区域以一组主次响应面来近似,并对每一个响应面采用高次项予以修正,从而使得响应法的精度得以大幅提高,算例结果证明了所提方法的可行性与精度。     

双BP神经网络在磨损颗粒自动识别中的应用

引入了一套磨粒形态学描述子来提取磨损颗粒的显微形态特征 ,然后以此为输入参数提出了一套BP神经网络 ,对磨损颗粒进行自动识别分类。针对本网络输入参数多 ,网络训练耗时长的问题 ,尝试采用因子模糊化的网络训练方法 ,大幅度提高了神经网络的训练速度 ,并取得了较好的应用效果。     

Online INS/GPS integration with a radial basis function neural network

Most of the present navigation systems rely on Kalman filtering to fuse data from global positioning system (GPS) and the inertial navigation system (INS). In general, INS/GPS integration provides reliable navigation solutions by overcoming each of their shortcomings, including signal blockage for GPS and growth of position errors with time for INS. Present Kalman filtering INS/GPS integration techniques have some inadequacies related to the stochastic error models of inertial sensors, immunity to noise, and observability. This paper aims to introduce a multi-sensor system integration approach for fusing data from INS and GPS utilizing artificial neural networks (ANN). A multi-layer perceptron ANN has been recently suggested to fuse data from INS and differential GPS (DGPS). Although being able to improve the positioning accuracy, the complexity associated with both the architecture of multi-layer perceptron networks and its online training algorithms limit the real-time capabilities of this technique. This article, therefore, suggests the use of an alternative ANN architecture. This architecture is based on radial basis function (RBF) neural networks, which generally have simpler architecture and faster training procedures than multi-layer perceptron networks. The INS and GPS data are first processed using wavelet multi-resolution analysis (WRMA) before being applied to the RBF network. The WMRA is used to compare the INS and GPS position outputs at different resolution levels. The RBF-ANN module is then trained to predict the INS position errors and provide accurate positioning of the moving platform. Field-test results have demonstrated that substantial improvement in INS/GPS positioning accuracy could be obtained by applying the combined WRMA and RBF-ANN modules.     

基于神经网络的故障率预测方法

 为了更好地预测产品故障率,提出了基于神经网络的故障率预测方法,分别给出了基于反向传播(BP)网络和径向基函数(RBF)网络进行故障率预测的基本思想、预测模型和实施步骤。分别对比分析了神经网络法与回归分析法、分解分析法、移动平均法、指数平滑法、自适应过滤法、自回归移动平均混合(ARMA)模型等统计预测方法的区别,对照故障率的特点,说明了神经网络法是其中最适用于故障率预测的统计方法。最后分别按这两种模型对某航空公司波音飞机故障率进行了预测,预测结果表明：这两种模型均适用于故障率预测,预测值与真实值的误差在20%之内,且RBF网络的预测效果略优于BP网络,此外通过与上述统计预测法的误差进行对比,说明神经网络法预测误差最小。     

故障诊断的神经网络多重模型自适应方法

将神经网络与故障诊断的多重模型自适应方法相结合,提出了故障诊断的神经网络多重模型自适应方法,并对某型航空发动机控制系统传感器故障进行诊断仿真。仿真表明,该方法能够用来解决具有模型不确定性系统的故障诊断问题,同时,对未知的故障模态具有自学习能力     

基于遗传算法优化的人工神经网络下高速滚动轴承的疲劳可靠性

考虑到高速滚动轴承中热弹流润滑效应的影响,提出一种人工智能方法进行航空轴承疲劳可靠性分析。通过带交叉项的二次多项式近似拟合温度场效应,并将热应力映射到滚动轴承赫兹接触区内,完成热弹流润滑效应下航空轴承接触应力分析模型的建立,同时考虑热弹流润滑效应、材料属性以及疲劳强度修正系数的随机性,运用人工神经网络法完成热弹流润滑效应下航空滚动轴承疲劳可靠性分析。采用遗传算法完成最小可靠性指标寻优和惩罚函数最佳设计点。基于改进的一次二阶矩法完成可靠性灵敏度分析。数值算例表明,所建立的可靠性分析模型能正确反映热弹流润滑效应对航空轴承接触疲劳的影响。与传统的Monte Carlo法相比,两种计算结果的失效概率之差为2.0×10-4,相对误差为23.8%,而所提方法耗时只有蒙特卡洛方法的0.15%,具有良好的全局搜索能力和高效的计算性能。      

基于加权线性响应面法的神经网络可靠性分析方法

在加权线性响应面法的基础上,提出隐式极限状态方程可靠性分析的神经网络方法。加权线性响应面法不仅形式简单、易于实现,而且可以很好的近似极限状态方程的设计点,但它却不能适应非线性极限状态方程的失效概率计算。神经网络对非线性极限状态方程有很强的近似能力,但神经网络的迭代不如加权线性响应面法那么简单易行,因此提出加权线性响应面与神经网络相结合的可靠性分析方法,这种方法既保证对设计点的精确近似,也保证对设计点附近的非线性极限状态方程的很好近似。与加权线性响应面法相比,本方法计算失效概率的计算工作量有所增加,但对非线性极限状态的计算精度却大大提高。算例充分显示所提算法的合理性和可行性。     

ANN技术在复合材料胶接修理分析中的应用

基于改进的BP人工神经网络(ANN)建立了复合材料胶接修理分析模型,结合采用复合材料胶接修理的正交试验及有限元分析的结果为训练和检测神经网络提供样本,有效地利用了神经网络、试验设计技术与有限元分析的优点。胶接修理实例分析结果表明,所建神经网络模型对胶接参数与修理效果之间关系的预测与试验结果一致,说明将人工神经网络应用于复合材料胶接修理参数分析是一种行之有效的方法。     

某型飞机翼身连接接头可靠性分析

首先将标准有限元程序与改进的均值法相结合，对某型飞机翼身连接接头处的刚度可靠性进行分析，结果表明，在所给载荷和允许应变情况下，该接头结构在外载变异系数为0.15，弹性模量和剪切模量为0.05时，仍具有较高的可靠度。然后，又将标准有限元分析程序与响应面法结合，在假设接头的响应极限状态方程为一不包括交叉项的二次多项式的基础上，利用有限元分析确定响应极限状态方程，通过迭代运算，保证响应极限状态方程在最有可能失效点处与接头结构真实的隐式极限状态方程有很好的近似程度。2种方法的计算结果具有较好的一致性。最后，基于弹塑性应变分析，给出了在大过载情况下的低周疲劳寿命可靠性分析结果，得到了在给定寿命要求下，结构可靠度随寿命变异系数变化的曲线，并给出了在要求寿命可靠度情况下，可靠寿命随寿命变异系数的变化曲线，从而，为该型飞机的设计定型提供了有力的依据和方法。