Low-cost TDRSS communications for NASA's long duration balloonproject

A transponder and RF ground support equipment that are making tracking and data relay satellite system (TDRSS) communications available to lower budget NASA projects are discussed. The Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)/Wallops Flight Facility's long duration balloon project (LDBP) will be the first to take advantage of this TDRSS user hardware for communications through the TDRSS S-band multiple access system during their around-the-world scientific balloon flight campaigns. The transponder is one tenth the cost of the current generation space-qualified transponder, and the TDRSS user RF test set (TURFTS) is less than one half the cost of the currently available transponder test equipment     

光学测量中心站远程监控系统实现

为了在执行航天任务时,远程控制数台光学测量设备对飞弹轨道的精密测量,设计了光学测量设备远程控制中心站。远程控制中心站的硬件系统完成计算机与各外置板卡间的通信,计算机使用带中断支持功能的I/O卡连接B码时统设备辨识出硬件信号;而软件系统则使用核心框架与业务逻辑层分离的方法进行设计。其中,核心框架层完成与所有接入系统的硬件传感器的通信及Windows内核级对象管理功能、中断服务功能、数据文件存储功能,核心框架只有很少的界面;业务逻辑层完成界面展现与数据处理功能,是具体的项目逻辑部分。核心框架与业务逻辑之间使用公用缓冲区与消息机制进行通信,这样,一旦软件系统的核心框架层调试完成后,将可用于更多相似的工程项目。通过分析,光学测量设备远程控制中心站可以实现全自动无人值守。     

Balloon Position Determination on Venus

A position determination technique for balloons floating in the Venusian atmosphere is described. Measurements are all made using a single station of the NASA Deep Space Network. One coordinate of the fix is derived from a ranging measurement, and the other coordinate is derived from observation on earth of the polarization of a signal radiated from a linearly polarized antenna on the balloon, aligned to vertical by balloon local gravity.     

大型城市污水输送SCADA系统通信网络设计与实现

通过对数个通信技术的分析,依照城市污水输送SCADA系统完善污水泵站无人值守运行要求,应用MPLSVPN技术对运行24年的上海合流污水治理(一期)工程中央监控系统的通信网络实施升级改造。以MPLSVPN技术所提供的高可靠性、高安全性、易扩展性及良好的经济性,完成整合泵站设备运行数据、泵站安防信息数据,以及泵站设备运行及泵站安防视频图像的城市污水输送SCADA系统数据的稳定传输,给稳定运行二十多年的大型城市排水传统SCADA系统注入了新的活力。     

机载电子产品可靠性定量加速增长试验技术

传统的可靠性试验在环境与时间上存在不足,已很难满足现代飞机可靠性试验工作的要求.基于故障物理学,通过研究航空电子类机载设备在综合环境应力条件下的故障原因及其分布规律,结合传统可靠性加速试验和增长试验的特点,提出一种可靠性试验的新方法,详细介绍具体的试验方法、试验流程、试验应力、故障处理要求和评估方法等关键技术,并将其应用在受试产品的典型案例中.结果表明:当产品试验时间达到952.4 h时,故障数为0,可以认为该产品以70％的置信度确定产品的平均故障间隔时间已达到25 000 h;本文提出的可靠性试验方法能够有效解决基于环境模拟的传统可靠性试验方法和评估技术不能在短的研制周期内评估高可靠性指标要求的机载设备的工程难题,可以实现加速因子的多样、可控,有效地缩短试验时间,节约试验经费.     

航天测控站运管系统设计

针对航天测控站管理域内测控、通信、气象、勤务等专业设备需要垂直管理,但节点分散、设备运行状况无法实时获取的现状,设计开发了测站运管系统。该系统涵盖测站管理域内测控设备协议转换、气象设备运行管理、勤务设备运行管理、测控信息检查与测试、综合信息管理以及综合态势展示等功能,实现了各专业设备运行状态采集、信息传输、专业管理、数据处理、信息展现及故障报警的层次化管理模型,建立了标准化的测站管理体系,规范了测站跟踪流程,实现了从准备开始、设备标校、捕获跟踪到数据质量分析的全过程管理,提高了测站管理域的管理质量和自动化运行效率。     

设备监控系统远程控制时效性分析与对策

卫星地面站设备监控系统的控制具有时效性,主要表现在卫星地面站设备配置用时较长,时效性不高,在任务准备中占时比例大,制约了卫星系统的应用效率.针对该问题,分析了影响制约设备监控系统控制效能的相关因素,有针对性地提出了应对措施及对策,如细化设备控制脚本分类,取消命令之间的延时冗余,改善响应机制,采用并串行混合控制,预先优化宏命令解析等.经过检验,这些方法是有效可行的,有利于提高设备控制效能.     

调频调相应答机距离零值测量新方法

叙述了分频调制度变换器的工作原理和时延测量。提出了根据测量FM信号源大频偏调制与小频偏调制的时延差来挑选出恒时延FM信号源,采用恒时延FM调制器构成FM—PM应答机（或FM—PM测距地面站）距离零值测量方法和设备,这是FM—PM体制侧音测距系统的一种距离零值测量新方法;提出了采用分频调制度变换器和非恒时延FM信号源构成FM—PM应答机（或FM-PM测距地面站）距离零值测量方法及设备。     

基于系统动力学的装备研制项目风险传递研究

通过对装备研制项目进行系统分析,确定了项目技术风险、费用风险和工期风险三者相互之间的影响方式和传递关系,建立了基于系统动力学的项目研制活动风险传递因果关系模型。运用VensimPLE软件对某型装备研制项目研制活动的技术风险、费用风险和工期风险的变化规律进行了仿真。结果表明,技术风险对费用风险和工期风险有着显著的影响,这三者均随项目活动的推进而逐渐降低。3种类型风险随时间的动态变化可作为项目风险管理工作的参考和决策支持。     

装备科研项目后评价指标体系及模型

为客观、科学地进行装备科研项目后评价提供理论分析和实践依据,在分析装备科研项目后评价特点的基础上,建立了装备科研项目后评价指标体系,确定了指标的权重,并采用多层次模糊综合评价法建立了装备科研项目后评价模型.(上接第713页)     

转发式测轨系统地面设备时延测量方法

受地面设备时延误差的影响,转发式测轨系统的卫星定轨精度受到严重制约。为实现卫星精密定轨,地面设备时延误差的精确补偿至关重要,因此需要对地面设备时延进行精确测量。采用一种外环设备时延测量方法,实现对转发式测轨系统地面设备时延的实时测量。经过试验验证和分析,结果表明地面设备时延测量稳定度优于0.3ns,修正地面设备时延误差后的卫星重叠弧段的轨道差RMS值优于2m。     

航空武器装备项目过程评估指标体系的构建

分析了航空武器装备项目的特点,提出了航空武器装备项目过程评估指标体系的设计原则;结合项目管理的相关知识,提出了航空武器装备项目过程评估的指标体系,并探讨了运用灰色关联理论确定评价指标权重的方法步骤.     

International Space Station power storage upgrade planned

As the Earth-orbit International Space Station (ISS) grows, it needs more power which is generated by solar panels. For periods in which the planet Earth occults sunlight, energy is stored in the biggest set of batteries ever flown in space. Reliability of power is important in a space station because a failure requires costly launch of replacement components. Even greater importance results when astronauts work in the station. A power failure that causes the astronauts to perish would be a very serious event. The first battery-containing "integrated equipment module" was launched November 30, 2000 and installed on port 6 of the International Space Station. Two more modules will be launched by the United States; to be launched in 2004 is the European Space Agency's "attached COLUMBUS APM laboratory," which will have its own power system. Unexpected battery-related events occurred in the integrated equipment module during its first year-and-a-half in orbit. The problems and their solutions were described in papers presented at the 37/sup th/ Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference. Since the International Space Station carries more battery cells than any other spacecraft, the in-flight performance data from its battery assembly can be useful to engineers who design power supplies for other spacecraft. We, therefore, summarize the battery development process, the adopted design, and an unexpected in-flight battery degradation and its correction.     

Advanced Picosatellite Experiment

The design of the CAPE I satellite was underway for approximately three years. This interdisciplinary project incorporates electrical, mechanical, and aerospace engineering, as well as computer science and physics. The project hoped to teach students how to design, develop, and maintain a lower Earth orbiting satellite. This satellite was delivered to San Luis Obispo, California, December 5, 2006, where it passed the final integration test in order to qualify for launch. After qualification, the satellite was loaded into the poly-picosatellite orbital deployer or P-POD, which is the deployment system for the satellite. The P-POD holds three CubeSats. Once all three satellites were integrated, it was delivered to Kazakhstan and loaded into the DNEPR Russian Rocket on March 17, 2007. After a few delays, the rocket was launched on April 17,2007. The team is currently monitoring and decoding the CW beacons transmitted by the satellite. The project was broken into several subsystems including mechanical, communications, control and data handling, and power. Each of the systems proved to have their own unique challenges. Being that the majority of the team was electrical engineering students, the mechanical subsystem presented the most difficulty. There is currently a design in progress for the next satellite project, CAPE II. This new satellite will attempt a new benchmark by incorporating more advanced technologies than CAPE I and include other campus entities such as The Wetlands Research Center. The team hopes to deploy buoys into the Gulf of Mexico that will communicate to the CAPE 11 satellite in space and then send data to the ground station at the University. This data will include subjects such as coastal erosion, water temperatures, and drift currents throughout the Gulf. With this data, we can give other organizations the information obtained for their use as well.     

飞机自动化装配设备有效工时分析

为提高飞机自动化装配设备的产能分析及预测准确度,提出了一种基于动态混合威布尔分布模型的飞机自动化装配设备有效工时解算方法。根据飞机装配过程特性,建立自动化装配设备可用度的动态混合三参数威布尔模型;分析了自动化装配设备各类子系统对设备总体可用度的影响度,计算了子系统可用度的动态权重;对设备可用度的混合威布尔模型进行了参数估计,求解设备可用度后计算设备的有效工时。以某型飞机机翼壁板装配站内的自动钻铆设备为实例,验证了方法的有效性。     

电磁混响室高强度辐射场下机载电台敏感度研究

机载电台作为飞机典型用频机载设备,对其进行高强度辐射场(HIRF)辐照效应试验研究具有重要意 义。为了解决混响室高强度辐射场环境的快速构建、快速调控及机载设备敏感度有效测试问题,依托混响室高 强度辐射场辐射敏感度测试系统,以某型直升机机载电台为试验对象,在400 MHz~2GHz频段内,通过改变 混响室内部场强,分别确定混响室连续与步进两种工作模式下机载电台的典型故障类型和敏感度阈值。结果 表明:在试验环境场强相同的条件下,相比步进工作模式,连续工作模式更容易测试出机载电台的敏感度阈值; 搅拌器连续工作模式下,搅拌速度越快测试得到的机载电台敏感度阈值越低,随脉冲波脉宽的增加其敏感度阈 值的测试结果呈下降趋势。     

武器装备研制项目管理知识体系框架

主要通过对武器装备研制项目管理的研究,在分析对比了武器装备研制项目管理和一般项目管理的联系与区别的基础上,提出了基于武器装备全寿命周期、全过程、全方位管理所需的武器装备研制项目管理知识体系的框(WE-PMBOK),该体系框架具有模块化、结构化的特点。     

基于IRP的舰船技术保障信息资源规划研究

分析了舰船装备技术保障信息资源管理中存在的问题,运用信息工程原理,采用需求分析和系统建模型方法对舰船技术保障信息资源进行规划,提出了舰船装备技术保障主题数据库为基础的信息资源规划方案。     

剩余浮力对系留气球静平衡特性的影响分析

在进行系留气球总体方案设计时,剩余浮力的选择直接影响到系留气球气囊和副气囊体积等参数的设计,剩余浮力选择不当将造成研制成本的增加或静平衡特性指标无法实现。因此,对同一系留气球不同剩余浮力,及两种不同体积的系留气球在相同剩余浮力时的静平衡特性进行计算与对比分析。结果表明:对同一体积的系留气球,剩余浮力对系留气球俯仰角、高度损失和水平漂移量影响较大,且剩余浮力越大,其俯仰角、高度损失和水平漂移量越小;随着系留气球体积的增大,剩余浮力对系留气球高度损失和水平漂移量的影响将逐渐减小。