大型柔性空间结构的变结构模型参考自适应控制

将变结构控制与模型参考自适应控制相结合,应用于大型柔性空间结构(LFSS)的主动控制中。以LFSS的结构动力学变量为系统状态,建立了变结构模型参考自适应(VSMRAC)耦合主动控制系统,研究了高阶参考模型和滑态参数矩阵的选择方法。以对称型两板轨道空间站为例,进行了VSMRAC主动控制系统的数字仿真,结果表明VSMRAC系统在鲁棒性、快速性和工程可实现性方面具有优越性。     

基于结构优化的大展弦比机翼质量估算

针对没有可供借鉴的质量评估经验公式来用于新式布局飞机研制的现状,为能够给出比较可信的结构质量估算,用于总体设计阶段飞机翼面结构质量指标分配,不仅对研制新机的概念设计与方案论证是十分重要的,也是必不可少的。本文开展了基于“变满应力”优化策略与有限元技术相结合的飞机翼面结构质量估算方法研究,并把这一求解过程搭建在具有自主知识产权的飞机多学科设计平台软件上。以具有大展弦比特征的“环球飞行者”外翼为例,进行结构质量估算表明:本文方法不仅可以获得用于总体设计阶段可信的质量结果,同时,其中的部件尺寸、应力和位移数据还能为结构与强度专业人员提供一定的参考意见。最后,得出4点结论。     

粘弹阻尼结构模态灵敏度分析的模态展开方法

建立了粘弹阻尼结构的模态灵敏度分析的模态展开方法,其形式较为简单,与粘性阻尼结构灵敏度分析的模态展开法相类似,计算较为简便。并对有限自由度的离散粘弹阻尼结构的算例进行了振动模态灵敏度分析。     

面向民用飞机排故的增强型符号有向图

针对民用飞机故障的动态特性及维修体制,在符号有向图（SDG）模型中引入动态元素,并融合系统结构模型,提出一种结构和参数能随工况变化而调整的增强型有向图（ESDG）模型。进而提出基于故障依赖矩阵的相容根树搜索算法与分层诊断策略,能解决实际排故中常常因部分状态未测量而造成诊断信息缺失的问题。该方法能满足分级维修中不同诊断精度的要求。多个工况的综合诊断进一步提高了推理分辨率。最后以某民机发动机引气系统为实例说明了该方法的有效性。     

基于滑模控制的航空发动机多变量约束管理

针对航空发动机传统单变量线性控制器min-max切换方法处理约束的不足,提出了单变量滑模控制器替换所有线性控制器的改进策略,并将该方法拓展为新切换逻辑下的多变量滑模控制结构。基于改进的单变量滑模控制器min-max结构,多变量控制策略中加入了多变量滑模主控制器和新的切换逻辑,充分利用发动机的所有控制量,克服了传统方法的保守性,进一步提高发动机约束下的动态性能。对稳态时工作的控制器进行了理论分析,建立了多变量控制器实现精确跟踪的充要条件。仿真结果表明,多变量控制方法在更苛刻的约束条件下能够实现跟踪任务,而且提高了推力跟踪的快速性,调节时间从1.91 s缩短到1.54 s,同时降低了稳态时的油耗。     

Flow field design and process stability in electrochemical machining of diamond holes

The metal grille, commonly composed of an amount of diamond holes, has been grow-ingly used as a key structure on stealth aircraft. Electrochemical machining (ECM) promises to be increasingly applied in aircraft manufacturing on the condition that process stability is guaranteed. In this work, a flow field model was designed to improve the process stability. This model is endowed with a variety of flow channel features, together with vibrating feeding modes. The flow field distribution on the bottom surface of the diamond hole was discussed and evaluated as well. The numerical results show that a short arc flow channel could significantly enhance the uniformity of electrolyte velocity distribution and a vibrating feeding of the cathode enables to reduce both fluctuations of the electrolyte velocity and pressure on the bottom surface of the diamond hole. Consequently, the flow field mutations were eliminated. It is verified from the experimental results that a short arc flow channel, when combined with vibrating feeding, is capable of improving machining localization and process stability markedly. What is more, the side gap on the bottom surface of the diamond hole could also be reduced by the abovementioned approach.     

敏捷卫星的联合执行机构控制策略

 针对对地观测敏捷卫星大角度快速机动、高控制精度的任务需求,提出了联合推力器与飞轮作为执行机构的控制策略。该控制策略综合利用2种执行机构的优点:推力器以前馈的形式提供机动过程中所需的主要力矩以实现航天器大角度的快速机动,而飞轮以反馈的形式提供精准的控制力矩以提高机动过程中的姿态控制精度。为补偿由于初始状态偏差和推力器输出力矩不准确所带来的控制误差,采用变结构控制设计了2种姿态跟踪控制器,使航天器能够渐进地跟踪上参考轨迹。并对姿态机动控制过程中,飞轮力矩及转速可能出现的饱和问题作了相应的修正。仿真结果表明了所提控制策略及所设计控制算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于多智能体混合学习的多星协同动态任务规划算法(英文)

针对多星协同动态任务规划问题,以往多采用基于启发式的重规划算法,但是由于启发式策略依赖于具体任务,使得优化性受到影响。注意到协同规划的历史信息对后续协同规划的影响,本文提出了一种基于策略迭代的多智能体强化学习和迁移学习的混合学习算法求解该问题近似最优策略。本文的多智能体强化学习方法利用神经网络描述各颗卫星的强化学习策略,通过协同进化的方法迭代搜索具有最优拓扑结构和连接权重的策略神经网络个体。针对随机出现的观测任务请求导致历史学习策略失效,通过迁移学习将历史学习策略转换为当前初始策略,保证规划质量前提下加快多星协同任务规划速度。仿真实验及分析结果表明本文算法对动态随机出现的任务请求有良好的适应性。     

阻尼材料在飞机炮振减振上的应用

阻尼材料在飞机结构上的应用是一个新课题。在飞机炮舱区应用新型阻尼材料,组成一个全新的阻尼结构系统来吸收由航炮射击时产生的冲击能量,以实现减振的设计目的,进而改善其炮击的振动环境。通过理论计算和地面试验实测,证明了应用新型阻尼材料可使炮舱区的动应力下降近30％。     

基于子模型方法的钉群连接结构强度分析研究

为了准确高效的进行飞机复合材料钉群连接结构的损伤分析和强度预测,研究了子模型方法在复杂连接结构分析中的应用技术,构造了包括总体模型和两级子模型的钉群连接结构分析模型体系,提出了子模型中螺栓连接结构的建模策略和复合材料结构损伤模拟的方法,确立了对应于损伤模式的结构破坏判据。采用本文提出的方法对波音787复合材料壁板进行接...     

基于自适应随机抽样敏度分析的双向渐进结构优化方法

为了解决周期循环结构拓扑优化难题,在传统的双向渐进结构优化方法(BESO)的基础上,引入了一种自适应参数策略和随机抽样的方法,提出了基于自适应随机抽样敏度分析的双向渐进结构优化方法,该方法同样适用于非周期结构.以该方法为基础,对Michell桁架结构进行了拓扑优化设计,得到了与理论解一致的结构,并且相对初始结构质量减少了71.5%,说明了所提方法的正确性.基于此方法对多辐板风扇盘进行了结构拓扑优化设计,得到了三辐板风扇盘结构,相比同等设计条件下的参考风扇盘质量减少了17.12%,进一步说明了此方法具有处理复杂周期循环结构拓扑优化设计问题的能力,另外此方法克服了传统双向渐进结构优化方法中容易产生的振荡问题.      

飞机翼面结构布局综合设计方法研究

为了探讨飞机翼面结构主要纵横骨架的最佳布局问题,并提供符合工程实际的、用于概念设计阶段的飞机结构设计方法,本文采用分级优化与集成的策略,该策略分为3个层次。第一个层次为拓扑优化,并由此确定纵向骨架的个数与位置的最优布局;第二个层次为尺寸优化,它用来确定翼面的中间参数;第三个层次为稳定性准则优化,它确定横向骨架的个数与位置的最优布局。在分级优化的3个层次中,拓扑优化是独立的,尺寸优化与稳定性准则优化是相互耦合的。以国外某飞机机翼为例,结果表明本文提出分级优化的思路与所采用的集成方法是可行的,并且具有很好的数值效果。作者认为：它对从事飞机结构设计的人员有一定的指导性和参考价值,值得在飞机设计部门推广应用。最后,总结给出5点结论供参考。     

Dynamic parametric modeling-based model updating strategy of aeroengine casings

For accurate Finite Element (FE) modeling for the structural dynamics of aeroengine casings, Parametric Modeling-based Model Updating Strategy (PM-MUS) is proposed based on efficient FE parametric modeling and model updating techniques regarding uncorrelated/correlated mode shapes. Casings structure is parametrically modeled by simplifying initial structural FE model and equivalently simulating mechanical characteristics. Uncorrelated modes between FE model and experiment are reasonably handled by adopting an objective function to recognize correct correlated modes pairs. The parametrized FE model is updated to effectively describe structural dynamic characteristics in respect of testing data. The model updating technology is firstly validated by the detailed FE model updating of one fixed–fixed beam structure in light of correlated/uncorrelated mode shapes and measured mode data. The PM-MUS is applied to the FE parametrized model updating of an aeroengine stator system (casings) which is constructed by the proposed parametric modeling approach. As revealed in this study, (A) the updated models by the proposed updating strategy and dynamic test data is accurate, and (B) the uncorrelated modes like close modes can be effectively handled and precisely identify the FE model mode associated the corresponding experimental mode, and (C) parametric modeling can enhance the dynamic modeling updating of complex structure in the accuracy of mode matching. The efforts of this study provide an efficient dynamic model updating strategy (PM-MUS) for aeroengine casings by parametric modeling and experimental test data regarding uncorrelated modes.     

Switched adaptive active disturbance rejection control of variable structure near space vehicles based on adaptive dynamic programming

Based on the switched nonlinear system, a switched adaptive Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC) law is proposed for the Variable Structure Near Space Vehicle(VSNSV) with unknown uncertainties and external disturbances. The reduced-order Extended State Observers(ESOs) are constructed for the attitude angle system and the angular rate system to estimate the total disturbance in real time. With the extended state introduced to counteract the effects of uncertainties and disturbances, a systematic procedure is presented for the synthesis of the switched adaptive ADRC strategy. Rigorous proof shows that the estimation errors of the reduced-order ESOs would converge to a small neighborhood of zero in finite time, and that the output of the closedloop system can track a given signal stably for a class of switching signals with average dwell time via the proposed approach. The variable gain control strategy based on Adaptive Dynamic Programming(ADP) with the actor-critic structure is also designed to improve the dynamic performance of the system. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed control scheme.     

基于混合灵敏度的航空发动机切换控制系统设计

针对航空发动机工作安全边界,提出了一种基于切换控制的航空发动机控制系统设计方法.给出了切换控制策略的设计思路及切换稳定性的条件.给出基于混合灵敏度的航空发动机多回路切换鲁棒控制器设计方法,并构造了线性矩阵不等式.通过基于计算得到的控制器参数仿真表明,采用该切换方式相比于Min/Max切换方式消除了积分饱和在切换中延迟影响,提高发动机的动态响应能力及鲁棒性,同时可以保证切换的稳定性.      

基于分层传递系统模型的航天器故障诊断方法

 针对传统的传递系统模型在航天器自主诊断系统中只能表示单一粒度诊断知识,知识表示的完备性差,导致诊断结果的分辨率不高,且诊断系统执行效率低的问题,提出了分层传递系统模型和诊断方法。为了保证不同粒度诊断知识的完备性表示,将系统模型按不同粒度和结构关系进行分层。通过自顶向下的递归搜索,先监测系统异常,再匹配故障类型,逐层缩小搜索空间,最终找出故障候选集和故障的层次关系。同时为了减小计算规模,在诊断过程中引入了分离策略,降低实时诊断计算量。应用该方法建立了某卫星测控分系统模型并进行故障仿真,结果表明该方法可以增加模型知识表示的完备性,并能有效提高诊断效率和结果的分辨率。     

面向雷达天线平台的容错纠错策略及其FPGA实现

 针对雷达天线平台可能出现的传感器故障,提出了一种容错纠错策略。如果雷达天线平台周围的3条驱动腿中的某一个传感器发生故障,则可根据空间闭链机构约束,由其他正常工作驱动腿的传感器和中间从动腿的冗余传感器的测量值计算出故障传感器的应测值。推导了对应的位移传感器故障的容错重构算法,研究了基于现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的上述容错策略的硬件实现方法。通过引入坐标旋转数字计算（CORDIC）算法使得FPGA运算中只需进行基本的移位和加/减操作;设计了基于FPGA的循环高速流水线处理器结构,使得重构算法的在线计算速度大大提高。仿真模拟了突变型传感器故障,结果表明,所提容错纠错方案能有效地保证雷达天线平台运行的安全性和可靠性。     

Total information processor for 121.5/243 MHz SARSAT signals

Search and rescue satellite-aided tracking (SARSAT) has certain shortcomings which could possibly be ameliorated by employing a more extensive signal processing strategy. The approach proposed is based on partially compensating for the Doppler shift, which then permits the data processing windows to be increased significantly. Incorporating a ranking technique with the conventional fast Fourier transform (FFT) processor and implementing an autoregressive moving-average estimator provides an optimal strategy that maximizes the probability of detecting the emergency signals     

局部流动分离诱导结构振动问题的数值模拟

基于非结构网格技术和SST-DES模型,采用流体与结构紧耦合策略,对飞机机身突出物（如雷达罩）下游的蒙皮振动过程进行了数值模拟计算。在求解NS方程过程中,使用有限体积法,结合有限元法求解结构运动方程。在时间域内模拟了不同结构参数和飞机不同迎角下的飞机蒙皮的结构响应,建立了亚音速条件下壁面流固耦合分析方法。计算结果表明：机身突出物诱导出的分离涡的确可以激发下游壁面的振动,其壁面振动的幅度与结构本身参数密切相关,振动主要为发生在壁面的法向上,随着迎角增加,壁面的振动减弱。通过基本原理和算例可以看出,方法可以预测不同条件下壁面的动态响应过程,适用范围宽,可以用于壁面结构的设计。     

Coupled simulation of flow-structure interaction in turbomachinery

The aeroelastic behaviour of vibrating blade assemblies is usually investigated in the frequency domain where the determination of aeroelastic stability boundaries is separated from the computation of linearized unsteady aerodynamic forces. However, nonlinear fluid-structure interaction caused by oscillating shocks or strong flow separation may significantly influence the aerodynamic damping and hence effect a shift of stability boundaries. In order to investigate such aeroelastic phenomena, the governing equations of structural and fluid motion have to be simultaneously integrated in time.In this paper a technique is presented which analyses the flutter behaviour of turbomachinery bladings in the time domain. The structural part of the governing aeroelastic equations is time-integrated according to the algorithm of Newmark, while the unsteady airloads are computed at every time step by a Navier–Stokes code. The link between the two time integrations is an automatic grid generation in which the used mesh is dynamically deformed so that it conforms with the deflected blades at every time step.The computed time series of the aeroelastic simulation of an assembly of highly loaded compressor blades vibrating freely in transonic flow are presented. The energy transfer between fluid and structure is here dominated by vibrating shocks and shock-boundary layer interaction. It is investigated if the predicted aeroelastic stability boundaries differ from those of a linearised method.