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为了提高滤波器性能并简化设计,采用正交调制等效结构实现了带通滤波,使一组中心频率不同,而其余指标都相同的窄带带通数字滤波器设计简化为一个窄带低通数字滤波器设计.对窄带低通数字滤波器设计,又采用了多抽样率多级实现技术,提高了运算效率,节省了存储空间.该设计已在TMS320C3X系列DSP芯片上调试通过,并运用于铁路电气化区段机车信号译码. 相似文献
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H_∞滤波算法及其在GPS/SINS组合导航系统中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在对 H∞ 估计问题进行数学描述的基础上,建立了一种 H∞ 次优滤波算法的迭代方程。定性讨论了H∞滤波算法与传统 Kalman滤波器的关系,通过在 GPS/SINS组合系统中的实际应用进一步从精度、鲁棒性等性能指标方面对 H∞ 滤波和 Kalman滤波算法进行了比较。仿真结果表明,在理想条件下,Kalman滤波方法具有较高的精度;但是,当系统模型和外部干扰统计特性发生变化时,H∞ 滤波算法明显具有良好的鲁棒性能,同时,估计精度也较高,有效地克服了 Kalman滤波器存在的局限性。 相似文献
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《西安航空技术高等专科学校学报》2016,(5)
在软件无线电架构背景下,研究了数字下变频中的数据抽取理论,提出了数字下变频处理系统方案,即4倍抽取采用多相结构来实现,抗混叠滤波采用FIR滤波器来实现。同时利用系统时间余量实现了多载波处理与多相处理的结合,既能够节约硬件资源又能够充分利用系统时间余量提高资源利用率。在FPGA中进行实现,能够达到满意的抽取和滤波效果。 相似文献
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滤波技术在惯导系统初始对准中的应用是一项重要的研究内容,随着非线性滤波技术的发展,如何通过新的滤波技术来提高初始对准的性能近年来得到了广泛关注。文章针对可扩展卡尔曼滤波器存在着计算复杂和滤波不稳定的缺点,尝试了一种新的非线性滤波器——无迹卡尔曼滤波器。针对所采用的非线性初始对准模型的特点,对无迹卡尔曼滤波器进行了简化,将简化后的无迹卡尔曼滤波器应用于非线性初始对准中,得到了较好的对准效果。 相似文献
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H∞滤波算法及其在GPS/SINS组合导航系统中的应用 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
在对 H∞ 估计问题进行数学描述的基础上 ,建立了一种 H∞ 次优滤波算法的迭代方程。定性讨论了H∞滤波算法与传统 Kalman滤波器的关系 ,通过在 GPS/SINS组合系统中的实际应用进一步从精度、鲁棒性等性能指标方面对 H∞ 滤波和 Kalman滤波算法进行了比较。仿真结果表明 ,在理想条件下 ,Kalman滤波方法具有较高的精度 ;但是 ,当系统模型和外部干扰统计特性发生变化时 ,H∞ 滤波算法明显具有良好的鲁棒性能 ,同时 ,估计精度也较高 ,有效地克服了 Kalman滤波器存在的局限性 相似文献
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在动态风洞试验中,由于机械振动、随机扰动等原因,原始试验数据均有较大扰动。为得到其中的有用信息,需利用数字滤波器对其处理。基于MATLAB实现了梳状和频率抽样两种数字滤波器,对其各自特性做了较为深入的研究和比较。最后,利用二者串行组成了滤波器组。该滤波器组已经应用于预研项目中,结果表明,该滤波器组低频和高频特性均能够有效减弱信号中的干扰和噪声,达到预期目标。在不进行降采样率处理的情况下,达到相似的滤波结果,滤波器组的滤波时间仅为频率抽样滤波器的2%左右。 相似文献
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基于置信度加权的组合导航数据融合算法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对联邦滤波融合算法中由于模型量测噪声统计特性未能被准确描述导致其子滤波器误差变大,进而导致联邦滤波估计出现偏差的问题,为了改进联邦滤波融合方法,将模糊自适应卡尔曼滤波方法和置信度加权方法与联邦滤波融合方法相结合,应用于组合导航系统。该方法首先将模糊自适应卡尔曼滤波方法应用于各子滤波器,使其能够跟踪真实量测噪声统计特性。然后通过模糊方法计算得到各子滤波器的置信度,进而得到联邦滤波器的置信度,再由得到的置信度对各子滤波器及联邦滤波器输出进行加权,得到最终的全局输出。对车载组合导航系统的仿真结果表明,这种算法对量测噪声具有较强的自适应性,能够抑制置信度低的子滤波器在融合系统中所占的权重,提高联邦滤波融合算法的精度,是一种可行的车载组合导航数据融合算法。 相似文献
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本文介绍在直升机地面靶试数据处理中应用FIR数字滤波器的设计和算术平均值滤波方法,通过合理选择滤波方法和巧妙设计有效抑制干扰信号,保证了试验数据的精度. 相似文献
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针对陀螺稳定平台的漂移问题,建立了陀螺稳定跟踪装置在不同工作模式下陀螺漂移的数学模型,指出稳定模式下包含常值漂移和相关漂移的陀螺低频噪声是影响稳定精度的主要原因。提出一种自适应实时估计算法,采用卡尔曼滤波框架和滤波器收敛判据,结合Sage-Husa滤波和加权Sage-Husa滤波算法,利用跟踪器跟踪静止目标时输出的脱靶量信号对陀螺常值漂移和相关漂移进行估计。实验结果表明:该算法能够在系统模型和噪声特性均不准确的情况下使用,收敛时间小于3 s,估计均方差小于0.02 (°)/s,具有良好的鲁棒性和自适应能力。 相似文献
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基于MEMS陀螺和加计的微惯性测量单元研制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
微惯性测量单元具有成本低、体积小、功耗低和抗冲击等优点,可以应用在车辆稳定控制、平台稳定及导航控制系统中,具有广阔的市场应用前景.详细介绍了采用三轴MEMS陀螺和三轴MEMS加速度计研制的微惯性测量单元硬件设计,对信号进行预处理、陀螺漂移补偿、降噪等处理.所研制的低成本MIMU经过补偿后零位漂移保持在:X轴、Y轴、Z轴,可以应用到普通导航领域. 相似文献
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激光陀螺的输出信号中包涵外界输入角速度、机械抖动角速度两部分信息,机械抖动角速度是一个叠加了一定噪声的标准正弦振动。针对空间三轴机抖激光陀螺仪,提出了一种高精度的新型正弦抖动信号滤除算法,通过自适应陷波器和有限冲击响应数字滤波器的组合,能极大地衰减激光陀螺仪零偏输出波形中的正弦分量,实现外界输入信号的高精度准确提取。实验结果表明,该抖动剥除算法效果显著,在保证快速响应外界输入的条件下能够实现高精度地提取角速度信号,可有效降低惯性系统的成本和复杂度,进而提高产品质量可靠性,具有很强的工程实用价值。 相似文献
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Gyro monitoring filters are used to estimate and correct gyro drift rates of local-level inertial navigation systems. Conventional gyro monitoring filters are usually designed based on a simplified model of gyro drift rate. Furthermore, the effectiveness of these filters-and of many filters of the "Kalman" type-is often measured in terms of the root mean square (rms) criterion in contrast to the spectral content criterion typical of classical Wiener filtering theory. This paper has two objectives: to propose a gyro monitoring filter which is based on a more detailed model of gyro drift rate; and to propose a method of filter performance evaluation which uses as criterion a measure of the spectral content of the error process. The proposed gyro monitoring filter is shown to have improved spectral contents resulting in superior navigation performance for the gyro error models used in the calculations (comparable to commercial-grade aircraft gyros). 相似文献
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Lifei ZHANG Shaoping WANG Maria Sergeevna SELEZNEVA Konstantin Avenirovich NEUSYPIN 《中国航空学报》2022,35(1):416-425
The features of carrier-based aircraft’s navigation systems during the approach and landing phases are investigated. A new adaptive Kalman filter with unknown state noise statistics is proposed to improve the accuracy of the INS/GNSS integrated navigation system. The adaptive filtering algorithm aims to estimate and adapt the unknown state noise covariance Q in high dynamic conditions, when the measurement noise covariance R is assumed to be known empirically in advance. The new adaptive Kalman ... 相似文献
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当组成冗余惯组的陀螺为MEMS陀螺,而故障又为幅值比较小的阶跃故障时(仿真发现,阶跃故障幅值为陀螺噪声方差的10倍左右大小时),使用以往的PCA故障检验方法,陀螺噪声会造成故障检测的困难.针对这种情况,提出了MEMS冗余惯组小幅值故障检测的PCA(Principal Component Analysis)算法设计和优化的方法,在以往PCA算法的基础上结合假设检验算法,考虑了陀螺噪声的影响,降低了MEMS陀螺噪声对故障检测的影响.通过仿真验证,证实了本文算法比以往PCA算法具有更高的检测准确性和灵敏度,这对于提高整个系统的可靠性具有重要意义. 相似文献
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Aimed at low accuracy of attitude determination because of using low-cost components which may result in non-linearity in integrated attitude determination systems, a novel attitude determination algorithm using vector observations and gyro measurements is presented. The various features of the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) and optimal-REQUEST (quaternion estimator) algorithms are introduced for attitude determination. An interlaced filtering method is presented for the attitude determination of nano-spacecraft by setting the quaternion as the attitude representation, using the UKF and optimal-REQUEST to estimate the gyro drifts and the quaternion, respectively. The optimal-REQUEST and UKF are not isolated from each other. When the optimal-REQUEST algorithm estimates the attitude quaternion, the gyro drifts are estimated by the UKF algorithm synchronously by using the estimated attitude quaternion. Furthermore, the speed of attitude determination is improved by setting the state dimension to three. Experimental results show that the presented method has higher performance in attitude determination compared to the UKF algorithm and the traditional interlaced filtering method and can estimate the gyro drifts quickly. 相似文献
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Efficient fault tolerant estimation using the IMM methodology 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Space systems are characterized by a low-intensity process noise resulting from uncertain forces and moments. In many cases, their scalar measurement channels can be assumed to be independent, with one-dimensional internal dynamics. The nominal operation of these systems can be severely damaged by faults in the sensors. A natural method that can be used to yield fault tolerant estimates of such systems is the interacting multiple model (IMM) filtering algorithm, which is known to provide very accurate results. However, having been derived for a general class of systems with switching parameters, the IMM filter does not utilize the independence of the measurement errors in different channels, nor does it exploit the fact that the process noise is of low intensity. Thus, the implementation of the IMM in this case is computationally expensive. A new estimation technique is proposed herein, that explicitly utilizes the aforementioned properties. In the resulting estimation scheme separate measurement channels are handled separately, thus reducing the computational complexity. It is shown that, whereas the IMM complexity is exponential in the number of fault-prone measurements, the complexity of the proposed technique is polynomial. A simulation study involving spacecraft attitude estimation is carried out. This study shows that the proposed technique closely approximates the full-blown IMM algorithm, while requiring only a modest fraction of the computational cost. 相似文献