新世纪军用运输机发展

主要介绍了目前正在研制的一些军用运输机的进展情况，现役军用运输机的改进以及可用于军事和运输用途的一些非飞机类运输器械的发展前景。     

大型军用运输机发展概述

大型军用运输机集军用、民用飞机技术为一体，又有着自身的特点，其发展将带动航空工业和相关产业的发展。通过对国外空中运输力量的分析，提出了大型军用运输机的发展途径。     

短距起降军用运输机An-70（1）

An-70为中型短距起降运输机，设计用于完成军用运输任务和民用货物的运输能够在短距起降跑道上起飞并能够在各种气候条件下，全天候地执行任务。     

下一代大型军用运输类飞机气动布局及作战应用趋势浅析

随着导弹发射车、重型装甲车、智能无人集群等重型物资装备的远程快速投送需求剧增,以及隐身战机、远距空空弹、防区外自主武器等穿透性打击能力的逐渐成熟,现有常规大型军用运输类飞机在适合未来战场需求和生存能力等方面将面临巨大威胁,其投送/加油/预警指挥的活动范围将被严重挤压。本文首先对现有常规大型军用运输类飞机的国内外现状进行简要概述;然后分别介绍美俄等航空大国开展的下一代大型军用运输类飞机及其关键技术研究;最后对下一代大型军用运输类飞机气动布局发展趋势以及可能作战应用场景进行简要分析,并提出一种分布式涵道油电混合推进运输类飞机气动布局。     

下一代大型军用运输类飞机气动布局及作战应用趋势分析

随着导弹发射车、重型装甲车、智能无人集群等重型物资装备的远程快速投送需求剧增,以及隐身战机、远距空空弹、防区外自主武器等穿透性打击能力的逐渐成熟,现有常规大型军用运输类飞机在适合未来战场需求和生存能力等方面将面临巨大威胁,其投送/加油/预警指挥的活动范围将被严重挤压。本文首先对现有常规大型军用运输类飞机的国内外现状进行简要概述;然后分别介绍美俄等航空大国开展的下一代大型军用运输类飞机及其关键技术研究;最后对下一代大型军用运输类飞机气动布局发展趋势以及可能作战应用场景进行简要分析,并提出一种分布式涵道油电混合推进运输类飞机气动布局。     

基于遗传算法的军事物流运输计划

针对军事物流运输中车辆装载和车辆路径的组合问题进行研究,建立车辆装载和车辆路径组合问题的目标优化模型。通过改进遗传算法对模型求解,得到了较为满意的结果,可以在满足多车型多品种货物配送约束的条件下,实现运输车辆最少、车辆满载率高、车辆运输路径最短的目标。     

低空“斗士”军用直升机显神威

自20世纪30年代末世界上第一架具有实用价值的直升机问世以来，经过半个多世纪的发展历程，直升机无论是在牛产设计技术上，还是在使用性能水平上都有了惊人的进步。尤其是军用直升机，迄今已经发展成为诸多军兵种，特别是陆军、海军极其重要的军事装备，在执行战区物资运输、战场伤员救护、搜索与救援、空中火力支援、反坦克、机降、火力校正、预警、电子战、反潜、布雷、扫雷、通信联络等任务中发挥着越来越重要的作用。军用直升机作为军用航空兵器大家族中的一个小兄弟，以其独到的，能够垂直起降、悬停飞行以及能够在超低空领域，甚至在…     

军用运输类飞机机载设备适航体系研究

参照国外军用飞机机载设备适航工作流程,借鉴民用飞机机载设备适航工作经验,结合军用飞机型号研制程序,建立了军用运输类飞机机载设备适航体系。主要包括建立适航工作体系、制定适航管理要求、确定适航性要求、编制适航支持计划、确认符合性验证思路、规范各研制阶段适航工作和适航审查活动等方面。本文为军用运输类飞机机载设备适航工作提出了一些值得借鉴的方法和思路。     

无人机车辆组合物流配送路径规划探讨

近年来无人机在各个领域的应用逐渐兴起,尤其是在物流运输领域发展迅速。在物流运输领域的应用主要是与车辆进行组合运输,国内外的学者针对无人机和车辆组合运输的路径规划问题进行了许多研究。主要论述了目前车辆和无人机组合运行的4种模式,包括车辆支持无人机运行模式、无人机支持车辆运行模式、无人机与车辆独立的运行模式、无人机和车辆同步的运行模式。探究了目前无人机和车辆组合路径规划问题考虑的因素,包括无人机电池电量、运送包裹数量和时间窗等。对有无人机参与的车辆路径规划问题的目标优化进行了总结,目前的研究主要分为3类,包括考虑最短配送时间、最小总成本和多目标规划。这些研究对未来无人机配送问题的研究具有重要的指导意义。     

军用航空燃气涡轮发动机包装运输设计研究

为了有效防止损伤和环境腐蚀,需要对军用航空燃气涡轮发动机进行良好地包装运输设计。重点分析研究美国发动机的包装运输设计,包括规范与标准、运输装置与运输方式、运输车运输、运输罐运输、托架运输等。简要介绍中国的发动机包装运输设计,比较美国与中国的发动机包装运输设计。提出借鉴美国设计完善和改进中国战斗机发动机包装运输设计的建议。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

GA-Based Model Predictive Control of Semi-Active Landing Gear

Semi-active landing gear can provide good performance of both landing impact and taxi situation, and has the ability for adapting to various ground conditions and operational conditions. A kind of Nonlinear Model Predictive Control algorithm （NMPC） for semi-active landing gears is developed in this paper. The NMPC algorithm uses Genetic Algorithm （GA） as the optimization technique and chooses damping performance of landing gear at touch down to be the optimization object. The valve＇s rate and magnitude limitations are also considered in the controller＇s design. A simulation model is built for the semi-active landing gear＇s damping process at touchdown. Drop tests are carried out on an experimental passive landing gear systerm to validate the parameters of the simulation model. The result of numerical simulation shows that the isolation of impact load at touchdown can be significantly improved compared to other control algorithms. The strongly nonlinear dynamics of semi-active landing gear coupled with control valve＇s rate and magnitude limitations are handled well with the proposed controller.     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Large Amplitude Flexural Vibration of the Orthotropic Composite Plate Embedded with Shape Memory Alloy Fibers

研究了形状记忆合金(SMA)纤维混杂复合材料大挠度层合板的非线性自由与受迫振动特性。基于描述SMA力学行为的Brinson理论以及层合板材料性能预测的混合率,建立了SMA纤维混杂复合材料大挠度层合板的本构方程,基于对称层合各向异性弹性板的非线性理论,建立了以横向挠度和应力函数表示的板的横向振动方程和相容方程。采用Galerkin近似解法将振动方程化为时间变量的含有3次非线性项的Duffing型常微分方程,采用谐波平衡法(HBM)获得系统的固有频率方程和强迫振动稳态频率响应方程。数值计算表明,非线性板自由振动频率比与激励温度的关系具有与线性板相同的特征,马氏体相向奥氏体相转变阶段温度对板的振动频响特性曲线的影响最显著,同时也讨论了SMA纤维含量、板的纵横比以及自由振动幅值对板的非线性频率比的影响。