风对建筑绕流流动的数值方法

本文利用k-ε湍流模型及SIMPLE方法,在二维条件下,就风对建筑绕流流动进行了数值模拟,建筑及地面的边界条件采用以低Re数k-ε湍流模型中导出的壁函数处理近壁湍流。自由边界采用外推格式。对于计算域中的建筑物则利用控制粘性系数的方法处理。并对计算结果和风洞实验进行了比较。 为了研究建筑物之间的气流及压力分布,本文还对并列两栋建筑的不同情况进行了数值计算和分析。     

跨音速翼型试验侧壁干扰数值模拟研究

采用分区网格技术，数值模拟NACA0012翼型在二维风洞中的侧壁干扰特性。控制方程采用全场三维可压、雷诺平均的Navier—Stokes方程；计算格式采用Jameson中心有限体积、多步Runge—Kutta时间步长格式进行求解；湍流模型采用Baldwin—Lomax模型。通过分析不同迎角、马赫数和展弦比情况下的流动状态，反映了由于侧壁干扰而产生的二维风洞流场的三维性。     

三维收缩段初步设计研究

收缩段是风洞的重要组成部分，它的优劣影响着风洞实验段气流品质的好坏。在固定入口、出口、长度条件下，本文针对几种不同收缩曲线得到的收缩段模型。使用H—H型网格、采用ROE格式进行流场数值模拟，并将模拟得到的结果进行了对比分析。     

影响冷气掺混数值模拟精度的若干问题分析

对冷气掺混数值模拟中的计算网格、湍流模型、射流边界条件等影响精度的若干问题进行分析。在吹风比0.5下,对不同网格分布、湍流模型、射流边界条件进行数值模拟,所得结果与Ajersch的实验结果进行对比。结果表明,出口下游的网格分布可适当稀疏以减少计算量;在所研究的几种湍流模型中,k-ε模型所得结果与实验结果吻合得最好;考虑射流通道内流动能提高精度,在射流出口给定流场分布也可保证计算结果的精度。     

超声速横喷干扰湍流场数值模拟

本文探讨了超声速平板横向喷流干扰湍流流场的数值模拟方法。分别采用Roe、Harten-Yee及AUSM 格式对三维雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程进行离散,湍流模拟应用Baldwin-Lomax代数模型,讨论了B-L模型中Fy最大值的不同选取方式。分析了数值格式、网格划分对计算结果的影响。将来流马赫数为5、喷流马赫数为3的实验结果与计算结果进行比较,选择了与实验符合较好的数值模拟方法,为进一步利用数值计算方法研究喷流干扰流场特性奠定基础。     

"回收/调节"方法在混合LES/RANS模拟方法中的应用

采用一种混合大涡模拟/雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(LES/RANS)模拟方法结合三阶加权基本无振荡(WENO)格式对马赫数为2.88的压缩斜坡流动进行了数值模拟,并采用"回收/调节"方法生成入口湍流脉动边界条件.当采用固定入口边界条件时,湍流边界层会缺乏合理的湍流能量,使之抵抗逆压梯度的能力减弱,会严重高估分离...     

不同矢量偏角下二元喷管内流特性的数值研究

应用多重网格MacCormack显式格式对不同矢量角下二元喷管的内部流动进行了模拟分析。计算时, 在细网格上采用了雷诺平均N-S方程与k-ε湍流模型方程;在粗网格上则采用Euler方程。数值计算给出了较清晰的流谱, 壁面压力分布的计算也与实验结果相吻合。通过计算结果分析了矢量喷管几何参数对流场的影响, 并对矢量喷管的推力特性进行了数值研究。      

结构网格方法对高升力构型的应用研究

采用"亚跨超CFD软件平台"(TRIP)数值模拟了梯形翼全展长与半展长高升力构型的复杂流场,并与试验做了对比分析。对应风洞试验是在NASA Langley 14×22英尺亚声速风洞(FST)和NASA Ames 12英尺增压风洞(PWT)中完成的。计算中采用一方程SA湍流模型和MUSCL-ROE格式,并综合运用对接/重叠/拼接网格技术,数值模拟了两种高升力构型的气动特性,给出了典型站位的压力分布,并对比研究了不同结构网格技术对此类高升力构型的计算差异。研究表明,与修正后的试验数据相比,数值模拟得到的气动力系数和典型剖面的压力分布均与试验结果吻合良好。     

两种湍流模型在跨声速绕流计算的应用研究

湍流模型在对复杂流场的数值计算中起着非常重要的作用.本文采用SA一方程湍流模型和SST k-ω二方程湍流模型,通过解耦求解雷诺平均N-S方程和湍流模型方程实现对亚跨超声速湍流流场的数值模拟.对NACA0012翼型和ONERA-M6机翼跨声速绕流流场进行了计算,对压力分布和激波位置与实验结果进行了细致的比较,并分析了不同离散格式、不同网格疏密及壁面函数对计算结果的影响,在计算过程中这两个模型体现出了较好的简捷性和健壮性.     

RAE2822翼型跨音速流动CFD计算的可信度分析

采用格点格式的有限体积法对RAE2822翼型的气动特性进行了粘流数值模拟,流动模型为雷诺平均NS（RANS）方程。在此基础上系统研究了不同网格类型以及不同湍流模型的计算精准度。通过与经典的试验数据进行确认研究,得出了适宜二维跨音速粘性流动计算的网格拓扑分布规律,并总结出了适宜的湍流模型。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.