国外民机EWIS设计先进理念的介绍与探讨

随着适航新规章的发布,电气线路互联系统（EWIS）在整个民机设计体系中愈发得到重视。国外在EWIS设计方面已形成了非常专业化的体系,通过四个典型实例介绍了国外在EWIS设计中的先进理念,并探讨了对国内EWIS设计的借鉴意义并提出了相关建议。这些典型实例包括：EWIS适航认证、EWIS部件可靠性分析、EWIS安装设计标准制定、EWIS总体布局设计。     

民用飞机线束主通道规划设计

综合中国民用航空规章25部对于电气线路互联系统(EWIS)的隔离要求,提出了民用飞机EWIS主通道的规划设计方法。以某型飞机供配电系统为例,通过将导线按电磁兼容类别、余度功能、独立电源以及特殊系统线路进行分类,编制导线敷设的通道代码,并在规划线束通道时,将不同类别线束、线束与结构、管路、操纵钢索等按照一定的距离进行隔离,在不满足隔离距离的情况下,通过施加隔离保护装置的措施进行等效隔离,完成线束主通道在机上的布局,从而实现EWIS的隔离。     

EWIS维修性设计准则浅析

为保证飞机EWIS系统具备良好的维护性,设计部门应在设计初期对该系统的维修性设计加以特殊考虑,对EWIS零部件进行维修性定性和定量分析。本文重点从可达性、防差错设计对EWIS的维修性设计准则进行了描述,对EWIS设计人员具有一定的参考意义。     

EWIS耐海洋环境设计

海洋环境具有高温、高湿、高盐雾的特点,在严酷的海洋环境下,飞机EWIS部件失效或故障现象更为明显。文中分析了南海环境对EWIS的影响,以适海性的角度从选材、设计和防护等方面提出了EWIS耐海洋环境设计的建议。通过这些手段,可有效提高海洋环境下EWIS的可靠性。     

民用飞机设备和管线路设计优化工具的研究

为了解决飞机研发过程中,管线路及设备设计自动化程度低的问题。基于CATIA V5进行二次开发,使用API接口和VB语言实现相关工具的搭建,并主要在以下几个方面开展研究：一是在飞机初步设计阶段进行设备的快速布置;二是基于电气设备及周围零部件的空间布置,进行单一DMU管线路通道拓扑,通过EWIS隔离代码定义,规划线束通道的类型,自动分析通道之间的物理隔离距离,并依据EWIS隔离要求规范与自动分析的物理隔离距离进行分析,从而输出全机管线路通道之间的间隙检查结果及分析报告,为后续的通道拓扑优化提供相应的接口及设计规范;三是进行主通道及分支通道拓扑,通过定义通道的直径、通道内布置线缆的规格及不同形式布线的概率,开发工具自动计算EWIS线缆的总长度,并由公式快速计算出该线缆敷设方案的重量,供全机设计时参考。     

民用飞机系统安全性分析中EWIS部件的考虑

通过对适航规章25.1709的分析,结合AC25.1701,提出了民用飞机系统安全性分析中需考虑EWIS部件的一些方面,并初步研究了具体的分析方法。     

沈飞民机C919飞机后机身前段实现批产

正4月20日,航空工业沈飞民机举行了C919飞机后机身前段批产首架暨ARJ21飞机EWIS优化批产构型交付仪式。ARJ21飞机EWIS优化批产构型成功交付,攻克了实现ARJ21"百年百架"交付目标的最大难关。沈飞民机的相关负责人表示,后机身前段作为C919飞机批产整个生产线首个完成的大部件,     

EWIS标准文档数字化平台建设方案探索

针对我国航空EWIS标准数字化工作需求，阐述了数字化平台建设的目标、平台建设内容以及建设方案。通过构建EWIS标准数字化平台，为EWIS标准数据提供统一的数据库承载、管理和共享。为实现全行业EWIS标准数据共享奠定了基础，对EWIS标准数字化建设工作具有指导意义。     

国产新支线飞机装配阶段EWIS常见审核问题探讨

介绍了国产新支线飞机EWIS的设计和制造装配流程,通过对近年EWIS产品审核数据的整理和分析以及典型审核问题的介绍,总结出EWIS产品审核的审核重点,并介绍了商飞EWIS质量提升方案,可为国产新支线飞机装配阶段EWIS产品审核提供参考。     

民用飞机研制阶段EWIS构型管理

2007年底FAA发布新的规章修正案,将电气线路互联系统（electrical wiring interconnection system,简称EWIS）的适航要求以独立分部 H分部的形式纳入FAR 25部运输类飞机适航标准,将EWIS提升到飞机的一个重要综合系统来看待,其研制过程需进行系统性的考虑,EWIS的构型管理成为适航取证的重要关键环节。结合EWIS研制特点阐述了EWIS构型管理面临的挑战,分析并研究了EWIS构型管理的类别及关键内容,提出了管理策略建议,对于民用飞机EWIS的研制具有现实指导意义。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.