铸造钛合金的氢处理细化晶粒的研究

本文研究了氢处理（渗氢+共析处理+真空除氢）对铸造Ti-6Al-4V合金微观组织的影响。发现Ti-6A1-4V合金渗氢后析出片状的面心立方结构的TiH₂相。随含氢量的增加,TiH₂相趋于球化。渗氢试样经共析处理后,原晶界α消失,组织转变为α+TiH₂共析组织及少量残余β相。真空除氢后,组织变为细小的等轴组织。氢处理提供了一种细化铸造Ti-6Al-4V组织的有效途径。     

置氢Ti-6Al-4V合金超塑变形行为

研究了置氢Ti-6Al-4V合金的超塑变形行为.结果表明,氢可以增强动态回复和动态再结晶效应,使真应力-真应变曲线表现出相对稳定的流变应力;置入适量的氢可以使峰值流变应力降低58%,从流变应力的角度出发,相当于使应变速率提高几倍或使超塑变形温度降低约50℃;随氢含量的增加,延伸率呈下降趋势,超塑拉伸断口由延性断口转变为脆性断口.     

粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V 的组织及形成机理

利用热等静压(HIP)技术及旋转电极粉,采用预合金粉工艺制备了全致密的粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V合金,用光学显微镜对其金相组织进行了观察,分析其形成机理,并对粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V合金的室温拉伸性能、弹性模量、冲击性能及断裂韧性进行了研究.结果表明:粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V金相组织主要由条片α相+相间β相组成,有细小的等轴α相分布在晶粒界面处,包裹着条片α相,这种独特的组织状态是由制备工艺决定的,具有良好的综合性能.     

热连轧Ti-6Al-4V合金的蠕变行为及影响因素

通过长期时效、固溶+时效处理和蠕变性能测试,研究了处理工艺对热连轧Ti一6Al-4V合金蠕变行为的影响.结果表明,在400℃,575MPa条件下,热连轧态合金有较低的蠕变寿命,经长期时效和亚温固溶时效处理后,合金的蠕变寿命由70h分别提高到230h和548 h.热连轧态Ti-6Al-4V合金的组织结构由类条状α相和网状...     

Ti-22Al-25Nb合金剪切旋压过程中显微组织演化

通过剪切旋压试验,研究了旋压温度(910℃和1000℃)和减薄率(0、10%和30%)对Ti-22Al-25Nb合金显微组织的影响,探讨了旋压过程中的显微组织演化规律。结果表明:Ti-22Al-25Nb(原子数分数)合金旋压组织主要由α2相、B2相和O相组成,在旋压过程中,B2晶粒沿旋轮进给方向被拉长,且伴随有动态再结晶现象发生;温度主要影响Ti-22Al-25Nb合金中α2相与O相的尺寸和形貌,随着旋压温度的升高,O相片层逐渐变短并粗化,α2相趋向等轴化;变形量主要影响α2相体积分数与O相形貌,随着减薄率的增大,α2相体积分数逐渐减少,O相从片层状转变为短棒状。因此,Ti-22Al-25Nb合金剪切旋压过程中不仅发生晶粒变形与动态再结晶现象,更涉及复杂的相变行为,组织控制困难。     

Ti-Al-V-Zr合金的团簇式设计及铸态组织和力学性能

Ti-6Al-4V是目前应用最广泛的钛合金，但其铸态强塑性不足。本研究设计思想基于Ti-6Al-4V合金双团簇成分式α-{[Al-Ti₁₂](AlTi₂)}₁₂+β-{[Al-Ti₁₄](V₂Ti)}₅：首先通过改变β相团簇式个数为2，使合金成分偏向α-Ti，其次增加β相团簇式中V原子个数至3，提高了β-Ti结构单元稳定性，然后用不同个数Zr(x=1、2、3、5)替代β相团簇式中Ti，最后得到了团簇式α-{[Al-Ti₁₂](AlTi2)}₁₅-β-{[AlTi_14-x Zr_x]V₃)}₂，设计了Ti-(6.64～6.82)Al-(2.42～2.35)V-(1.44～7.02)Zr (质量分数/%)合金，采用非自耗真空电弧炉熔炼制备合金铸锭，并用真空铜模吸铸成合金棒材，进而对不同合金样品进行显微组织表征和拉伸测试。结果表明：合...     

Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V合金粉末冶金工艺

研究了Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V合金预合金粉末经热等静压烧结后的力学性能和显微组织。结果表明，等离子旋转电极粉末氧增量低，粒度分布较集中，颗粒内部组织细小均匀；粉末钛合金材料室温拉伸强度不低于970MPa，伸长率为16％-21％，组织为均匀的条状α相和细小的β转变组织。     

Ti-6Al-4V合金表面激光制备高温耐蚀涂层的研究

以在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面激光制备高温耐蚀涂层为目标,研究了以激光熔覆的方法在Ti-6Al-4V合金基体上合成制备钛铝化物基原位自生TiC颗粒增强的复合材料涂层以及钛-钼系耐蚀钛合金涂层,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计等分析了两种涂层的形貌、显微组织、相组成、显微硬度分布等特征.     

稀土Y对Ti-23Al-25Nb合金显微组织的影响

采用OM,XRD,XRF,SEM,EPMA,TEM等分析手段研究了稀土Y对Ti-23Al-25Nb合金显微组织的影响.结果表明:两种合金铸态显微组织均为O相;稀土Y明显细化了Ti-23Al-25Nb合金晶粒尺寸,Ti-23Al-25Nb合金的晶粒尺寸在400～600μm之间,Ti-23Al-25Nb-0.36Y合金的晶粒尺寸在40～100μm之间,细化大约6～8倍.通过Ti-23Al-25Nb-0.36Y合金背散射、各元素线分布和TEM分析发现,稀土Y在Ti-23Al-25Nb合金中以Y2O3的形式存在于晶内和晶界,根据O相形成机制和晶粒细化理论,分析了稀土Y细化O相晶粒的过程.     

湿喷丸处理Ti-6Al-4V合金微动磨损行为影响

采用湿喷丸技术对Ti-6Al-4V合金进行表面强化处理,研究了部分滑移、混合滑移和完全滑移等不同状态下钛合金样品的微动磨损行为,从微动状态角度探讨喷丸强化对钛合金微动磨损行为的影响规律。试验结果显示,喷丸处理对于完全滑移状态下Ti-6Al-4V合金的微动磨损行为影响较小;而在混合滑移状态时,喷丸处理使得微动磨痕的塑性变形积累区消失,有效抑制局部疲劳损伤造成的微裂纹萌生。这是因为喷丸引入加工硬化作用使材料表层局部强度提高,进而改善局部疲劳损伤。     

置氢处理对TC4钛合金流变行为的影响

应用材料试验机及霍普金森压杆装置(SHPB)对切削用置氢TC4钛合金进行了静态和动态压缩实验,获得了不同温度和应变率下的应力-应变曲线。实验中应变率范围为0.001～15000s-1,温度范围为293～973K。分析比较了合金流变应力对温度及应变率的敏感性。结果表明,置氢TC4钛合金具有较强的热软化效应,而应变率强化效应则相对较弱。随氢含量的增加,流变应力呈现先减小后增大的规律,氢含量0.3%时,最大降幅达25%。根据流变应力的变化规律及相关切削理论,对实验中切削力及切削温度的变化情况进行了分析。最后基于Johnson-Cook本构模型,拟合了模型中的参数,其预测值与实验结果吻合较好。     

Grinding behavior and surface appearance of（TiC_p＋ TiB_w）/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites

（TiCp＋ TiBw）/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites（PTMCs） have broad application prospects in the aviation and nuclear field. However, it is a typical difficult-to-cut material due to high hardness of the reinforcements, high strength and low thermal conductivity of Ti-6Al-4V alloy matrix. Grinding experiments with vitrified CBN wheels were conducted to analyze comparatively the grinding performance of PTMCs and Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Grinding force and force ratios, specific grinding energy, grinding temperature, surface roughness, ground surface appearance were discussed. The results show that the normal grinding force and the force ratios of PTMCs are much larger than that of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Low depth of cut and high workpiece speed are generally beneficial to achieve the precision ground surface for PTMCs. The hard reinforcements of PTMCs are mainly removed in the ductile mode during grinding. However, the removal phenomenon of the reinforcements due to brittle fracture still exists, which contributes to the lower specific grinding energy and grinding temperature of PTMCs than Ti-6Al-4V alloy.     

一种多元铌硅系原位复合材料的高温氧化行为

 采用电弧熔炼的方法制备了Nb-16Si-24Ti-6Cr-6Al-2Hf (原子百分数)多元铌硅系原位复合材料。进行了高温氧化试验,使用扫描电镜、能谱和X-射线衍射仪进行分析。结果表明该复合材料铸态组织主要由Nbss和β-Nb5Si3组成;经1250℃/100h静态氧化后,生成厚的氧化皮,其主要成分为CrNbO4,TiNb2O7;在氧化皮下发生严重的内氧化现象;氧优先在Nbss相中扩散并形成内氧化产物;硅化物对氧的扩散起到一定的阻挡作用;硅化物的分散分布有利于氧化皮中压应力的释放。     

Effect of cooling strategies on performance and mechanism of helical milling of CFRP/Ti-6Al-4V stacks

Hole-making for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP)/Ti-6Al-4V stacks is crucial for the assembling strength of aircraft structure parts. This work carried out experimental work for helical milling(HM) of the stacks with sustainable cooling/lubrication(dry, MQL and cryogenic)conditions. Cutting forces and temperatures at the CFRP layer, Ti-6Al-4V layer and the interface of stacks were obtained by a developed measuring system. The temperatures in CFRP machining at cryogenic condition varied fro...     

激光沉积Ti-6Al-2Zr-Mo-V钛合金高周疲劳性能

 疲劳失效是钛合金工业应用中最重要的失效方式,疲劳强度是钛合金应用的关键性指标。为了研究激光沉积Ti-6Al-2Zr-Mo-V钛合金的疲劳性能和行为,在625 MPa到900 MPa不同应力水平下进行了室温高周疲劳(HCF)测试(应力比R=0.1,加载频率f=120~130 Hz),完成了疲劳断口表面分析。研究了气孔存在及分布对激光沉积Ti-6Al-2Zr-Mo-V钛合金疲劳性能的影响。激光沉积钛合金具有细小α/β片层组织。分析结果显示,虽然疲劳源区有气孔存在,激光沉积Ti-6Al-2Zr-Mo-V钛合金仍然具有优异的疲劳性能。取向丰富细小的α/β片层组织能有效减小疲劳源区滑移长度。分析结果还表明,应力水平对疲劳行为有一定影响。     

Investigation on induction brazing of profiled cBN wheel for grinding of Ti-6Al-4V

Profiled monolayer cBN wheel was induction brazed for grinding of titanium dovetail slot in this study. Aimed at acquiring a uniform temperature distribution along the profiled surface and reducing the thermal deformation of the brazed wheel, a finite element model was established to investigate the temperature uniformity during induction brazing. A suitable induction coil and the related working parameters were designed and chosen based on the simulation results. Ag-Cu-Ti alloy and cBN grains were applied in the induction brazing experiment. The results showed geometric deformation of the brazed wheel was no more than 0.01 mm and chemical reaction layer were found on the brazed joint interface. Further validation tests were carried out by grinding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Compared to the electroplated wheel, the brazed wheel showed better performance such as low specific grinding energy and good ground quality in grinding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Abrasion wear was found to be the main failure mode for the induction brazed wheel, while adhesion and grains pull-out were the main failure mode for the electroplated wheel.     

Experimental study of effect of post processing on fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth performance of selective laser melting Ti-6Al-4V

For Ti-6Al-4V, a titanium alloy increasingly used in aerospace structure, selective laser melting (SLM) is an attractive additive manufacturing technology, which is attributed to its complex construction capability with high accuracy and good surface quality. In order to obtain qualified mechanical properties, SLM parameters and post processing should be tailored for diverse service conditions. Fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior are critical characteristics for damage tolerance evaluation of such metallic structures, and they are affected by post processing technologies significantly. The objective of this study is to obtain the fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth behavior of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by SLM, and to evaluate the influence of post-SLM thermomechanical treatment and surface machining. Fracture toughness and FCG tests were performed for SLM Ti-6Al-4V in three types of post processing status: as-built, heat treated and hot isostatically pressed (HIPed), respectively. Specimens with as-built and machined surface were tested. The microstructure and fractography were analyzed as well in order to investigate the relevance among manufacture process, microstructure and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that as-built SLM Ti-6Al-4V presents poor ductility and FCG behavior due to martensitic microstructure and residual stresses. Both heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing improve the plane-stress fracture toughness and FCG performance considerably, while surface machining shows slight effect.     

Cr在Ti-Al-Cr合金抗高温氧化过程中的作用研究

研究了 Ti-50 Al,Ti-50 Al-1 5Cr,Ti-4 5Al-1 5Cr和 Ti-67Al-8Cr(原子百分数 )合金在 90 0～ 1 0 0 0℃下的高温氧化性能。结果表明 :Ti-50 Al-1 5Cr,Ti-4 5Al-1 5Cr和 Ti-67Al-8Cr均表现出优良的抗氧化性能,氧化后表面主要是 α-Al₂O₃及少量的 TiO₂ 组成。Ti-50 Al-1 5Cr,Ti-67Al-8Cr和 Ti-4 5Al-1 5Cr合金良好的抗高温氧化性能归于 Cr在合金抗氧化过程中起到了吸氧效应的作用。另外发现对于 Ti-50 Al-1 5Cr和 Ti-67Al-8Cr均发生了 950℃时的氧化增重比 1 0 0 0℃时的氧化增重大,这是由于 Cr的加入使 Ti的活性降低的缘故。