ATS-6 Television Relay Using Small Terminals Experiment

The Television Relay Using Small Terminals (TRUST) Experiment was designed to advance and prornote the technology of broadcasting satellites. A constant envelope television FM signal was transmitted at C band to the ATS-6 Earth coverage hom and retransmitted at 860 MHz through the 9-m antenna to a low-cost direct-readout ground station. The experiment demonstrated that high-quality television and audio can be received by lowcost direct-receive ground stations. Predetection bandwidths significantly less than predicted by Carson's rule can be utilized with minimal degradation of either monochrome or color pictures. Two separate techniques of dual audio channel transmission have been demonstrated to be suitable for low-cost applications.     

ATS-6 Significance

The Applications Technology Satellite (ATS-6), the most powerful, most sophisticated, most versatile communications satellite flown to date, is the last of NASA's experimental satellites intended to demonstrate major advances in communications and spacecraft technology. It is a multipurpose, multidisciplinary spacecraft whose principal objectives were to demonstrate a large, unfurlable antenna structure and precise pointing and attitude control in the synchronous orbit The spacecraft carries 27 different experiments, 3 of which demonstrate users' applications of satellite communications. Significant advances in antenna technology, precise attitude control, materials technology, spacecraft structures, and thermal control have been successfully demonstrated. The most significant accomplishments of the ATS-6 mission are the demonstration of the practicality of satellite broadcasting to small, simple, inexpensive ground stations and the uses of this potential service in the solution of social problems involving education and health care. The success of these initial demonstrations has led ATS-6 experimenters and potential users to incorporate a Public Service Satellite Consortium dedicated to the provision of satellite broadcasting services for educational and health-care applications.     

Satellite range scheduling with the priority constraint: An improved genetic algorithm using a station ID encoding method

Satellite range scheduling with the priority constraint is one of the most important problems in the field of satellite operation.This paper proposes a station coding based genetic algorithm to solve this problem,which adopts a new chromosome encoding method that arranges tasks according to the ground station ID.The new encoding method contributes to reducing the complexity in conflict checking and resolving,and helps to improve the ability to find optimal resolutions.Three different selection operators are designed to match the new encoding strategy,namely random selection,greedy selection,and roulette selection.To demonstrate the benefits of the improved genetic algorithm,a basic genetic algorithm is designed in which two cross operators are presented,a single-point crossover and a multi-point crossover.For the purpose of algorithm test and analysis,a problem-generating program is designed,which can simulate problems by modeling features encountered in real-world problems.Based on the problem generator,computational results and analysis are made and illustrated for the scheduling of multiple ground stations.     

Near term approach to data relay for satellites under test

The increasing need for a continuous communications link with U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) spacecraft during test missions in low Earth orbit (LEG) has resulted in greater interest in geosynchronous data relay services. This may be a more economical alternative to building additional remote tracking stations for the Air Force Satellite Control Network (AFSCN), and avoids tying up operational assets for a test mission. A low-cost near-term approach for such a space-based data relay system would utilize two existing Defense Satellite Communication System III spacecraft, two existing ground terminals, and a small, standardized terminal using autonomous antenna pointing for the space vehicle under test. Such a system design is presented     

基于STK的小卫星轨道交会设计研究

利用球面三角形的几何关系进行了基于STK(卫星工具包)的小卫星轨道交会的规划和设计。采用一种较为方便的轨道交会设计方法,并使用功能强大的专业STK软件来仿真和演示,取得了良好的仿真效果,能够较好地满足航天器轨道交会设计的要求,对于其它类型的轨道规划有一定的借鉴作用,为各种航天器的仿真研究提供了一种新的方法。     

Inter-satellite link augmented BeiDou-3 orbit determination for precise point positioning

Precise Point Positioning(PPP) requires precise products, including high-accuracy satellite orbit and clock parameters. It is impossible to obtain an orbit solution that is sufficiently accurate for PPP services with a regional tracking network; therefore, satellite orbits are usually estimated by a global tracking network with a large number of ground stations. However, it is expensive to build globally distributed stations. Fortunately, BeiDou-3 satellites carry an InterSatellite Link(ISL) pay...     

可实时重构的国际C站卫星模拟器

我国自行研制的国际标准C频段统一测控系统,配置了功能齐全的卫星模拟器,但其一星一模拟器的方式已不能适应当前多星管理和未来星座管理的需要。本文旨在探讨利用现有的微波宽带器件技术和软件无线电技术,用一套硬件系统,根据需要实时重构成所需卫星的模拟器,达到多星共用一套模拟器,实现小型化、实时性的目的。     

Report on the Geneva Space Telecommunications Conference? Broadcasting Aspects

The growth of the Intelsat Global Commercial Communications Satellite System, which provides the facilities used to exchange television programs among many countries of the world, is described. Service was initiated between North America and Western Europe in 1965. Currently, some 48 separate geographic areas throughout the world are interconnected by the Intelsat System. The unique air-transportable Earth terminal, developed by the General Electric Company, at the request of the television networks, to meet the special requirements for providing live television coverage in color of the Apollo recoveries at sea, will also be described.     

A Distributed Intelligence Automatic Test System for PATRIOT

An automatic test system supporting high volume production testing of diverse state-of-the-art electronic assemblies is described. The test complex consists of a centralized computer system communicating to a network of satellite stations, each structured as "Intelligent Test Centers" dedicated to a particular family of assemblies (e.g., analog, digital, microwave). Allocation of resources and tasks have been distributed for optimum efficiency of production testing. This paper describes the organization and characteristics of the test system. Test center operation is explained with emphasis given to unique man-machine interactive features designed for on-line generation, examination, and maintenance of Unit-Under-Test (UUT) programs. Details are presented of the test language, RATEL, used for UUT programming. Other aspects that are discussed include test data and UUT program characteristics.     

一种新型数据记录仪的设计

为了满足现代飞行器多样化的测量需求,设计了一种新型数据记录仪,该新型数据记录仪在具备采集64路模拟信号和5路数字信号功能的同时,还能完成5 h视频图像的数字化编码、压缩和记录。本文对数据记录仪的主要技术指标进行了计算和论证,介绍了数据记录仪的电源模块、程序控制模块、异步数字量模块、信号变换及采编模块、图像压缩模块、存储及USB 2.0回放模块6个基本组成模块,对各组成模块的硬件设计和工作原理进行了详细分析。     

Global Positioning System, opportunities and problems

The Global Positioning Satellite System (GPSS) which consists of satellites plus control and monitoring stations, is opening navigation and positioning uses that were never dreamed of by the US Air Force developers of the GPSS. Older flight-control and navigation systems are destined for the surplus market, but new GPSS problems keep appearing. These problems and their solutions were addressed by the nation's top authorities in the Plenary Session of the Institute of Navigation, National Technical Meeting, Anaheim, California (January 1995). From the audience of nearly 500 came written questions which challenged the panel of experts     

Mobile Satellite Plans and Status

A variety of new communication functions will become available near the end of the decade when mobile satellite services (MSS) are introduced commercially in the United States and Canada. Mobile radios, hand carried radios and small fixed transponders will communicate directly through satellites into the telephone network or to private base stations. Voice, data, and position fixing services will be distance insensitive with good performance in difficult terrain and remote locations. Experiments with NASA satellites and studies in the U.S. and Canada demonstrated the technical feasibility and practical applications of mobile satellites. In 1983 Mobile Satellite Corporation, followed by Skylink Corporation, applied to the FCC for authorization to build and operate a land and aeronautical mobile satellite system for the United States. Canada had advanced its plans for an MSAT system. In response to these initiatives, the FCC issued a ``Notice of Proposed Rulemaking' that proposed the allocation of radio spectrum for the new service and asked for applications from prospective providers. Twelve applications were received. The shortage of radio spectrum in the U.S. has resulted in much contention over the proposed allocations, and the numerous applications have introduced competing systems concepts. The paper describes a likely system implementation, its services and markets, and the current regulatory status.     

卫星授时与时间传递技术进展

近年来,卫星导航技术发展迅速.卫星导航系统以精密时间测量技术为基础,实现了伪距测量,进而实现定位.同时,卫星导航系统还提供了高精度授时功能.综述了卫星导航系统的授时和时间频率传递技术、基于通信卫星的授时技术以及双向卫星时间频率传递(TWSTFT)技术等.随着我国北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)的建成和提供服务,BDS授时应用研究正在快速发展.基于BDS/GNSS多系统的精密单点定位(PPP)时间传递技术已成为重点研究方向,未来将会应用于国际时间比对.同时,随着卫星通信技术尤其是低轨通信卫星技术的快速发展,低轨通信卫星授时会成为一个有潜力的研究方向.     

Communication Subsystem Design Trends for the Defense Satellite Communications Program

The Initial Defense Communication Satellite Program (IDCSP) hasbeen implemented successfully and is handling unique and vital militaryary communications. Tradeoff studies now being made are intended todefine the characteristics of the next phases of the Defense Satellite Communications Program (DSCP). This paper discusses briefly thecommunication subsystem design of the IDCSP for backgroundfor-information, and then discusses the design trends for future phases of the DSCP.The communication subsystem for the IDCSP is characterized bya single hard-limiting, low-power repeater with a toroidal patternantenna. Future trends in design will be toward multiple beams andmultiple repeaters with very wide bandwidths, high-powerquasilinear operation, and highly directive antennas. Several alternatetransponder configurations are evaluated in this paper, and an illustrativeive example is shown. Although long life is essential to future systems,as it was to the IDCSP, the trend will be to adding more complexity inthe satellite to increase the system capacity, while at the same timerequiring less complexity in earth terminals.     

全球导航卫星系统的测高研究

以美国全球定位系统为代表的全球导航卫星系统具有广泛的应用领域，特点是能够在全球范围和近地空间，全天候地提供飞行器的位置、速度和时间信息。     

中继卫星天线指向控制策略研究

首先根据中继卫星系统中中继卫星跟踪用户星的要求,定义了中继卫星天线坐标系,推导出了中继卫星天线对用户星的跟踪规律,通过该跟踪规律可以推出中继卫星跟踪用户星时天线方位和俯仰轴转角,为了保证中继卫星与用户星之间的通信,中继卫星单址天线需要精确的指向用户星;然后详细描述了天线指向控制概念,并且设计了星上自主控制方案,星上自主控制方案由捕获和自动跟踪模式组成,一方面设计了天线捕获过程,另一方面对自动跟踪模式的天线步进逻辑进行了合理选择;最后根据推导的跟踪规律,以不同轨道的用户星作为跟踪目标,对所设计的天线指向控制系统进行了数学仿真,并且通过对仿真结果的分析验证了中继卫星单址天线指向性能。     

卫星双向法与卫星测距

卫星双向时间比对是目前远距离台站时间比对精度最高的时间同步技术,时间比对精度达几百皮秒,比GPS共视技术的时间比对精度几乎高一个数量级。中科院国家授时中心根据多台站卫星时间比对经验,提出利用卫星双向比对技术进行卫星测距(称转发器定轨)。实验证明:利用卫星双向技术(卫星需要转发器)进行卫星测距,可得到高精度卫星轨道(内符精度为几厘米)和卫星预报轨道。     

状态诊断知识描述语言的设计与实现

卫星状态诊断知识描述语言(SSDKDL)是针对卫星状态诊断专家系统(SSDES)的要求而设计的一种专用语言,该语言主要用于卫星状态诊断原始知识的描述,它的设计与实现为卫星管理领域专家提供一个知识规则表述的语言基础。本文就该语言的设计原理及实现方法进行系统阐述。     

High data rate applications of ACTS technology

The NASA Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) program will conduct high-data-rate experiments that will be applicable to the emerging broadband services of the telephony market. The existing broadband integrated services digital network (BISDN) services and delivery method as defined by the International Consultative Committee for Telephone and Telegraph (CCITT) and satellites' role in provisioning those services are discussed. The ACTS experimental efforts are summarized     

Vehicular remote tolling services using EGNOS

Future Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) will significantly improve the performance of current navigation systems, providing new and enhanced capabilities. This will enable the implementation of innovative and advanced services and applications closer to the user's needs. In this framework, the road sector is one of the major potential markets for GNSS applications and, therefore, it is very promising for future EGNOS and GALILEO related applications. Satellite navigation receivers are now commonly installed in cars as a key tool for proving new services to people on the move such as electronic charging, real-time traffic information, emergency calls, route guidance, fleet management, or advance driving assistance systems. Specifically, a very important commercial opportunity is represented by the tolling-related applications. This paper describes the Vehicular Remote Tolling (VeRT) Project sponsored by Galileo Joint Undertaking (GJU) and performed in the frame of the first GJU Call under the EC VI Framework Programme. The overall design of the service provision architecture is also presented in this paper, together with the main topics related to the following activities focused on the service prototype demonstrator development.