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Results of the analysis of 327 sessions of radio occultation on satellite-to-satellite paths are presented. The data are taken in the nighttime polar ionosphere in the regions with latitudes of 67°–88°, and in the period of high solar activity from October 26, 2003 to November 9, 2003. Typical ionospheric changes in the amplitude and phase of decimeter radio waves on paths GPS satellites-CHAMP satellite are presented. It is demonstrated that these data make it possible to determine characteristics of the sporadic E s structures in the lower ionosphere at heights of 75–120 km. Histograms of distribution of the lower and upper boundaries, thickness, and intensity of the E s structures are presented. Dispersion and spectra of amplitude fluctuations of decimeter radio waves caused by small-scale irregularity of the ionospheric plasma are analyzed. The relation of the polar E s structures and intensity of small-scale plasma irregularity to various manifestations of solar activity is discussed. The efficiency of monitoring the ionospheric disturbances caused by shock waves of the solar wind by the radio occultation method on satellite-to-satellite paths is demonstrated. 相似文献
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Topological model of the solar event including a flare and coronal mass ejection on October 19, 2001
Based on the analysis of a strong solar flare X1.6/2B on October 19, 2001 in the active region 9661, accompanied by a coronal mass ejection (CME) of the halo type, a topological model of development of this solar event is suggested. The model considers a unified process of development of CME and a chromosphere flare. According to the model, this process has a common source of energy supply: the turbulent current layer lying between the arcade of flare loops and the surface of CME going away. The structures on the ends of flare bands (SEFB) represent in this model chromosphere feet of the system of large-scale coronal magnetic arches at the initial stage of the dynamic processes whose evolution results in CME. Peripheral structures (PS) of the flare (elongated double bright emission strips beyond the limits of the active region) are interpreted as chromosphere bases of magnetic field lines that form an external shell (braid) of the CME at the late stage of the flare. 相似文献
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单层编织增强复合材料具有优异的比强度、比刚度和变形特性,逐渐被应用于空间可展结构。其一般采用薄壳形式,应用基于均匀化ABD刚度矩阵的壳体理论可提高结构计算效率。对于非对称编织增强物,如按经典复合材料理论计算,中性面偏移会导致不准确的耦合效应。本文提出了一种基于单胞模型的多尺度方法,通过确定中性面并施加周期边界条件,计算任意单层编织复合材料的ABD刚度矩阵和模量值。对比试验验证了方法的准确性,预测了平纹、破斜纹1/3、斜纹1/3编织增强复合材料刚度及模量随编织密度的变化趋势,给出了单胞的合理应变分布。 相似文献
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Yu. P. Ulybyshev 《Cosmic Research》2009,47(4):310-321
New methods of choosing the structures of satellite constellations (SC) on elliptical orbits of the Molniya type are presented. The methods, using critical inclination and putting the orbit apogee in the Earth’s hemisphere with an area of continuous coverage, are based on geometrical analysis of two-dimensional representation of the coverage conditions and SC motion in the space of inertial longitude of the orbit ascending node and time. The coverage conditions are represented in the form of a certain region. Dynamics of all satellites in this space is represented by uniform motion along a straight line approximately parallel to the ordinate axis, while the satellite system forms a grid. The problem of choosing a minimal (as far as the number of satellites is concerned) SC configuration can be formulated as a search for the most sparse grid. The contemporary advanced methods of computational geometry serve as an algorithmic basis for the problem solution. Design of SC for continuous coverage of latitude belts with the use of kinematically regular systems is considered. A method of analyzing single-track systems for continuous coverage of arbitrary geographic regions is described, which makes a region at any time instant observable by at least one satellite of the system. As an example, SC on elliptical orbits are considered with periods of ~4, 12, and 24 hours. 相似文献
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The effect of Alfven-type oscillations in a coronal magnetic arch on modulation of the gyrosynchrotron radiation and development of the ballooning instability in the arch is considered. On the basis of the energy method and the method of normal modes, the expressions are obtained for increments of ballooning instability at its swinging by natural oscillations of the arch. The conclusion is drawn that bending oscillations, which do not actually compress the plasma and, therefore, represent the Alfven-type modes, unlike the radial oscillations, are capable, under solar corona conditions, to effectively swing ballooning instability and, as a consequence, play a part of a trigger for solar flares. The ballooning instability of coronal arches is shown to be capable of causing formation of helmet-shaped structures in the lower solar corona. On the basis of calculations of the intensity modulation depth and the degree of circular polarization of non-thermal gyrosynchrotron radiation, under the assumption of excited Alfven oscillations of a coronal arch, the conclusion is drawn, that microwave observations at a frequency of > 10 GHz can be used for studying the conditions of excitation and propagation of Alfven modes in flare loops. The consequences of obtained results are discussed using the flare on April 15, 2002 as an example. 相似文献
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P. G. Babaevskii N. A. Kozlov I. G. Agapov G. M. Reznichenko N. V. Churilo I. V. Churilo 《Cosmic Research》2016,54(5):399-404
The results of experiments that were performed to test the feasibility of creating sandwich structures (consisting of thin-layer sheaths of polymer composites and a cellular polymer core) with the shapememory effect as models of the transformable components of space structures have been given. The data obtained indicate that samples of sandwich structures under microgravity conditions on board the International Space Station have recovered their shape to almost the same degree as under terrestrial conditions, which makes it possible to recommend them for creating components of transformable space structures on their basis. 相似文献
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Scott J.I. Walker Anthony D. McDonald Toshihiko Niki Guglielmo S. Aglietti 《Acta Astronautica》2011,68(7-8):1185-1192
Inflatable technology for space applications is under continual development and advances in high strength fibers and rigidizable materials have pushed the limitations of these structures. This has lead to their application in deploying large-aperture antennas, reflectors and solar sails. However, many significant advantages can be achieved by combining inflatable structures with structural stiffeners such as tape springs. These advantages include control of the deployment path of the structure while it is inflating (a past weakness of inflatable structure designs), an increased stiffness of the structure once deployed and a reduction in the required inflation volume. Such structures have been previously constructed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory focusing on large scale booms. However, due to the high efficiency of these designs they are also appealing to small satellite systems.This article outlines ongoing research work performed at the University of Southampton into the field of small satellite hybrid inflatable structures. Inflatable booms have been constructed and combined with tape spring reinforcements to create simple hybrid structures. These structures have been subjected to bending tests and compared directly to an equivalent inflatable tube without tape spring reinforcement. This enables the stiffness benefits to be determined with respect to the added mass of the tape springs. The paper presents these results, which leads to an initial performance assessment of these structures. 相似文献
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智能结构及其在振动主动控制中的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
针对航天挠性结构的振动控制 ,介绍了智能结构的提出、概念、诞生原因以及作为智能结构中的传感和驱动元件的各种智能材料的特点 ,着重阐述了梁、板和壳结构的振动控制中应用的压电材料的国内外研究状况和采用的控制策略 ,并对智能结构在主动振动控制应用研究的问题进行了评述 ,如传感器 /驱动器的优化配置问题及准则 ,柔性结构的控制溢出问题及抑制方法。最后针对航天器的结构振动控制 ,展望了今后的研究与发展方向 相似文献
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基于神经网络的非线性结构有限元模型修正研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
现有的动态有限元模型修正方法几乎都是建立在线性假设基础之上,修正中利用固有频率等线性系统特征量。工程中,真实的结构振动系统都是非线性的。虽然在许多情况下,线性化假设获得的结果能够较为准确地反映真实系统的特性。但是,在结构的非线性特征较为明显时,必须考虑非线性因素,这时,现有的模型修正方法将不再适用。现以非线性梁为研究对象,采用基于神经网络的修正方法探索了非线性结构的有限元模型修正问题。仿真研究中利用有限元分析的响应数据训练神经网络。修正结果表明,包括非线性弹簧刚度系数在内的三个设计参数修正后误差均在1%以内。说明基于神经网络的有限元模型修正方法适用于解决非线性结构的有限元模型修正问题。 相似文献
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大型薄壁结构的弱刚性导致其在制造过程中变形是影响尺寸精度的主要因素,如何对加工和装配过程零组件的偏差场进行精确预测与控制是提升制造质量、改进工艺参数的关键。本文针对大型薄壁结构制造与装配过程偏差场特性进行研究,提出适用于航天大型薄壁产品装配过程偏差场预测与控制方法。以基本变形模式的线性组合构建大型薄壁结构空间偏差场,考虑大型薄壁结构装配过程内应力的协调变形,以零件与装配体之间基本变形模式的映射关系建立大型薄壁结构装配过程偏差场预测模型。基于零件基本变形模式对装配体偏差的贡献量化值进行薄壁结构装配过程偏差溯源,提出两步寻优方法求解零件特定基本变形模式的最优控制点集,以最优控制点集的偏差调整实现大型薄壁结构装配过程的偏差控制,为航天大型薄壁结构装配过程的尺寸精度预测与控制提供理论基础与技术指导。 相似文献
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Lithified coniform structures are common within cyanobacterial mats in Yellowstone National Park hot springs. It is unknown whether these structures and the mats from which they develop are inhabited by the same cyanobacterial populations. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA was used to determine whether (1) three different morphological types of lithified coniform structures are inhabited by different cyanobacterial species, (2) these species are partitioned along a vertical gradient of these structures, and (3) lithified and non-lithified sections of mat are inhabited by different cyanobacterial species. Our results, based on multiple samplings, indicate that the cyanobacterial community compositions in the three lithified morphological types were identical and lacked any vertical differentiation. However, lithified and non-lithified portions of the same mat were inhabited by distinct and different populations of cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria inhabiting lithified structures included at least one undefined Oscillatorialean taxon, which may represent the dominant cyanobacteria genus in lithified coniform stromatolites, Phormidium, three Synechococcus-like species, and two unknown cyanobacterial taxa. In contrast, the surrounding mats contained four closely related Synechococcus-like species. Our results indicate that the distribution of lithified coniform stromatolites may be dependent on the presence of one or more microorganisms, which are phylogenetically different from those inhabiting surrounding non-lithified mats. 相似文献
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飞行器结构智能化研究及其发展趋势 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
智能化是飞行器结构发展的重要趋势,文中介绍了飞行器结构的智能化需求及其发展状况。阐述了飞行器的典型结构健康监测方法及其技术特征,讨论了飞行器主动变形结构的实现方法与途径,结合国内外研究情况,指出了飞行器结构智能化的可实现前景。 相似文献