基于改进PSO的飞行控制律参数多目标优化方法

针对传统飞行控制律参数单目标优化设计不能同时满足多控制指标要求,且与飞行品质要求缺乏相关性,以及物理意义不明确等缺点,提出了一种基于改进粒子群算法的飞行控制律多目标优化设计方法。该算法模拟鸟类捕食过程,使得种群随着"食物"的发现和消耗,聚集为数量和构成动态调整多个子群,且子群粒子速度也随之进行自适应变异。从而,有利于维持种群的多样性,有效抑制早熟收敛现象发生。最后,还使用改进的粒子群优化算法对某型飞机横侧向控制律设计进行了数值仿真,结果显示该算法有效提高控制律优化调参效率,可满足期望的飞行品质要求。     

基于标准特征多项式的横侧向飞控系统设计

采用基于标准特征多项式的飞控系统设计方法设计了某型飞机横侧向通道倾斜姿态保持和航向保持控制律,并进行了仿真研究。控制律的设计过程和仿真结果表明,该方法可以确切地给出系统的过渡过程时间和超调量,避免了任意选择初始参数值的盲目性和经验性,大大简化了飞控系统设计的工作量。     

Application of neural networks for the design of flight control algorithms. II Adaptive tuning of neural network control law

In this paper, we consider different approaches for the neural network controller tuning in the flight control system. Two of the most common tuning approaches in the adaptive control theory are applied. The first one uses parameter identification technique and consists in solving a real-time regression problem for the control law. The second approach is based on the Lyapunov direct method, which utilizes a tracking error as an absolute measure of tuning performance. The neural network control law are designed for the three-axis flight control problem and tested on the full nonlinear model of a fighter aircraft. Closed loop simulation results are presented and two adaptation algorithms are compared in the case of abrupt change of aircraft dynamics.     

应用保护映射理论的高超声速飞行器自适应控制律设计

针对高超声速飞行器包线范围广、参数变化大的控制需求,应用保护映射理论提出一种高超声速飞行器的自适应控制律设计方法。首先建立整个飞行包线内的线性变参数(LPV)模型,在参数变化边界点设计一个初始的控制结构和参数,然后基于保护映射理论分析初始控制结构使闭环系统稳定的参数范围,通过迭代自动获取整个包线内满足性能指标的控制参数,进而通过多项式拟合设计出高超声速飞行器自适应控制律。所提出的方法能够根据初始控制结构自动寻找一系列满足性能要求的控制器参数,并确定这些控制参数满足闭环系统稳定的设计范围。仿真结果表明,所设计的自适应控制律能够确保高超声速飞行器大包线的设计要求,实现闭环系统的鲁棒稳定。     

基于自抗扰控制的共轴直升机姿态控制律设计

以某型共轴双旋翼无人直升机作为研究对象,对无人机返航进场与降落着舰阶段的抗扰动问题进行研究。针对海上着舰环境下的外界干扰与不确定性问题,选用自抗扰控制器设计共轴直升机姿态控制律,以提高共轴直升机对外部扰动的抗扰性能。针对自抗扰控制律调整参数过多问题,设计改进粒子群算法进行自动参数优化。仿真结果表明:改进粒子群算法能够显著提高参数整定速度,且精度更高;优化参数后的自抗扰控制律在强干扰环境下具备良好的动态响应与鲁棒性。     

Three-dimensional Large Landing Angle Guidance Based on Two-dimensional Guidance Laws

 Both the design process and form of the three-dimensional (3D) suboptimal guidance law (3DSGL) are very complex. Therefore, we propose the use of two-dimensional (2D) guidance laws to meet the guidance requirements of 3D space. By analyzing the relationship between the flight-path angle and its projections on OXY and OXZ planes, we obtain the ideal design requirements of the guidance laws. Based on the requirements, we design a 2D suboptimal guidance law used in the horizontal plane; combining the 2D vertical suboptimal guidance law, we create a whole ballistic simulation of six degree-of-freedom. The results are compared with those using other three guidance modes in the case of large windage of the initial azimuth angle. When the proportional navigation guidance (PNG) law is used in the horizontal planes, the landing angle will obviously decrease. With the proposed guidance mode, the large landing angle can be realized and meet the guidance precision requirements. Moreover, the required overload can decrease to meet the control requirement. The effects of the proposed guidance mode are close to that of 3DSGL despite its very simple form.     

Adaptive Integral-type Sliding Mode Control for Spacecraft Attitude Maneuvering Under Actuator Stuck Failures

A fault tolerant control (FTC) design technique against actuator stuck faults is investigated using integral-type sliding mode control (ISMC) with application to spacecraft attitude maneuvering control system. The principle of the proposed FTC scheme is to design an integral-type sliding mode attitude controller using on-line parameter adaptive updating law to compensate for the effects of stuck actuators. This adaptive law also provides both the estimates of the system parameters and external disturbances such that a prior knowledge of the spacecraft inertia or boundedness of disturbances is not required. Moreover, by including the integral feedback term, the designed controller can not only tolerate actuator stuck faults, but also compensate the disturbances with constant components. For the synthesis of controller, the fault time, patterns and values are unknown in advance, as motivated from a practical spacecraft control application. Complete stability and performance analysis are presented and illustrative simulation results of application to a spacecraft show that high precise attitude control with zero steady-error is successfully achieved using various scenarios of stuck failures in actuators.     

Review of control and guidance technology on hypersonic vehicle

Air-breathing hypersonic vehicle has great military and potential economic value due to its characteristics: high velocity, long range, quick response. Therefore, the development of hypersonic vehicle and its guidance and control technology are reviewed in this paper. Firstly, the development and classification of hypersonic vehicles around the world are summarized, and the geometric configuration and mission profile of typical air-breathing hypersonic vehicle are given.Secondly, the control dif...     

大型飞机座舱温度控制系统控制律设计

大型飞机座舱温度控制系统具有温度控制非线性、强耦合、大迟滞性等特点,对控制律设计提出很高要求。根据系统设计要求,结合执行机构动作特性,提出了一种新型座舱温度控制律。系统控制方案采用压气机出口温度控制、组件出口温度控制、座舱供气温度控制和座舱区域温度控制四级控制;压气机出口温度目标值根据大气环境温度确定,座舱供气温度目标值根据座舱区域温度控制误差确定,组件出口温度目标值根据座舱供气温度目标值中的最小值确定;使用专家比例-积分-微分(PID)控制方法设计各级温度控制器,温度控制器的设计融入了解耦控制算法和系统保护控制逻辑,控制周期由各级温度控制响应特性确定。系统地面试验与飞行试验结果显示,该座舱温度控制系统响应速度快,抗干扰能力强,控制精度高,满足系统设计要求。     

一类非线性系统的神经网络自适应控制

针对一类单输入单输出不确定非仿射型非线性系统,基于多层神经网络提出了一种直接自适应控制方法。该设计方法首先应用多层神经网络自适应模拟逼近逆解中的未知部分,然后应用逆设计和自适应反演设计出虚拟控制量,最后应用反馈线性化设计方法和神经网络设计了直接自适应控制律。并利用Lyapunov稳定性定理推导了神经网络的参数调节律,保证了闭环系统的所有信号均最终一致有界。     

Suggestion for aircraft flying qualities requirements of a short-range air combat mission

Owing to the lack of a direct link with the operations in short-range air combat,conventional aircraft flying qualities criteria are inappropriate to guide the design of a task-tailored flight control law.By applying the mission-oriented flying qualities evaluation approach,various aircraft with different control law parameters are evaluated on a ground-based simulator.This paper compares the evaluation results with several conventional flying qualities criteria,and discusses the appropriate parameter combination to reflect the flying qualities requirements of short-range air combat,The comparison and analysis show that a short-range air combat mission requires a higher minimum short period mode natural frequency and a smaller maximum roll mode time constant,and allows a lower minimum pitch attitude bandwidth and a higher maximum short period mode damp ratio than those of conventional flying qualities criteria.Furthermore,a combination of the pitch attitude bandwidth,the pitch attitude magnitude at the bandwidth frequency,and the pitch attitude transfer function gain can define the flying qualities requirements of short-range air com bat.The new metric can successfully predict the flying quality levels of aircraft in a short-range air combat mission.     

Saturated super-twisting sliding mode missile guidance

This paper concentrates on developing a missile terminal guidance law against a highly maneuvering target whose maneuvering acceleration is very close to that of the missile or even exceeds the missile normal acceleration in a finite period of time. A new saturated super-twisting algorithm is proposed and applied to the design of missile guidance law. The proposed algorithm has the advantages of simple structure, easy parameter tuning rules and a full utilization of the limit control input. The designed saturated super-twisting sliding mode guidance law is then employed in a missile guidance system. Simulation and its superior performance against strong maneuvering targets is demonstrated.     

基于LQR技术的无人机纵向控制律设计

以某型无人机为控制对象,采用改进性能指标的输出反馈LQR技术进行无人机纵向控制律设计,简化了设计的复杂性。利用获得的控制律进行数字仿真及半物理仿真验证,结果表明,无人机的俯仰角响应能在6 s后进入稳态,稳态误差为0,超调量小于20%;在整个仿真过程中,空速变化非常小,在25 s左右达到稳态,达到了设计指标要求,从而证明该方法的简便可行性。     

微型涡喷发动机控制算法研究

针对微型涡喷发动机的工作过程,在研究发动机控制规律的基础上,开发了微型涡喷发动机起动过程、加减速过程、稳态过程和停车过程的控制程序;结合微型涡喷发动机的数字电子控制器,采用动态预估自适应滞后补偿控制规律,完成了控制软件设计.发动机地面试车试验表明,该控制程序可满足发动机控制要求.     

频域加权最优隐模型跟踪法及其在飞控系统设计中的应用

 把频率加权二次型法与隐模型跟踪理论综合起来,在系统设计时,考虑系统的稳定性、动态特性和鲁棒性要求,以期达到满意的综合指标。利用所述方法,设计了飞控系统的控制律。通过数字仿真及实时混合仿真表明,与通常最优二次型方法所设计的控制律比较,用本文所述方法设计的控制律,不仅有满意的稳定性和动态特性,而且还改善了鲁棒性。     

变循环发动机模态转换建模及控制规律设计方法研究

为了实现变循环发动机快速可靠的模态转换,本文发展了变循环发动机模态转换过渡态模型及控制规律设计方法。在变循环发动机动态数值仿真程序的基础上,针对模态选择阀与涵道引射器这两个模态转换过程中的关键变几何部件,建立了高精度的气流突扩局部损失模型。首次提出了可考虑模态选择阀堵塞对发动机性能影响的模态选择阀堵塞模型,消除了由于模型不精确造成的模态转换参数波动。在建立的变循环发动机数学模型的基础上,提出了基于直接推力控制技术的模态转换控制规律设计方法,考虑了变循环发动机的8个可调参数,采用差分进化算法对模态转换过程进行了优化。结果表明,本文提出的模态转换控制规律设计方法可以实现变循环发动机快速平稳的模态转换,双外涵转单外涵的参数变化规律与单外涵转双外涵的参数变化规律基本类似,推力在0.6秒就稳定在目标推力值,其余参数大多在1.4秒之后才趋于稳定。本文提出的变循环发动机模态转换控制规律设计方法还可应用于常规航空发动机的加/减速过渡态控制规律设计中。     

可重复使用航天器再入段复合控制方法研究

可重复使用航天器再入过程初期,反作用力控制系统是其姿态控制的主要手段,结合气动舵面可以减小飞行器对该系统的总冲需求,提高飞行器动态响应特性。给出了反作用力控制系统与气动舵面复合姿态控制系统的组成及三种复合控制指令分配策略,并进行了仿真计算,分析了三种策略的姿态控制效果及总冲需求。仿真结果表明,三种方法均能完成飞行器姿态控制,并各有其优缺点,研究结果为航天器飞行控制系统控制律设计提供了有效参考。     

有输入未建模动态和不确定性导弹控制器设计

在考虑导弹控制系统同时存在输入未建模动态和参数不确定性的情况下,提出了一种基于RBF神经网络和反演技术的鲁棒自适应控制器的设计方法。首先用两个RBF神经网络对未建模动态进行了补偿,然后利用反演技术设计了鲁棒自适应控制器,对不确定性进行了处理,并用Lyapunov稳定性理论推导出RBF神经网络的权重矩阵调节率以及相关的自适应律,证明了系统的全局稳定性,最后通过仿真计算验证了设计的正确性。     

电传飞机纵向自动驾驶仪控制律设计

在电传飞机纵向自动驾驶仪控制律的初步设计过程中，以电传飞机的纵向低阶等效系统为控制对象，采用零极点偶配置方法合理地配置零极点偶，使纵向自动驾驶仪控制律的设计得到了最大程度的简化，用所获得的控制律进行了数字仿真，仿真结果表明，纵向自动驾驶仪各个功能模式获得了良好的动态响应特性，满足了各项指标的要求，从而证明了这种设计方法是简便可行的。     

航空发动机双余度控制规律设计方法

提出了航空发动机双余度控制规律设计概念和一种利用双余度控制规律作为控制传感器信号故障处理策略的方法;建立了备份控制规律设计方法和设计原则,应用于某高性能涡扇发动机双余度控制规律设计研究之中.研究结果表明:双余度控制规律可以实现无扰动转换,重构控制回路,提高发动机的任务可靠性.该方法可以应用于配装数字式电子控制系统的各类发动机.