扰流柱形状对层板流阻特性的影响研究

应用FLUENT软件,采用隐式有限体积法求解雷诺时均N-S方程,对几种不同扰流柱形状的层板冷却结构的内部流动进行了数值模拟.湍流模型采用Realizable κ-ε双方程模型,近壁面采用壁面函数法处理,利用SIMPLE算法求解速度与压力的耦合.计算结果表明,层板内部流场结构十分复杂.同时,还对几种不同扰流柱形状的层板进行了流阻试验,采用沿程阻力关系式及流量关系式得出了其流阻特性.试验结果与计算得出的流阻特性符合较好.     

航空发动机层板冷却结构的内流阻特性的试验研究

设计制造了不同内部流动结构的单,双层层板放大模型,并针对这些模型进行了流阻特性的试验研究,分析了层析设计的主要技术参数对层析流阻特性的影响规律。为今后真实层板的设计,流阻计算以及换热计算提供了重要试验依据。     

层板模型流阻特性的研究

设计了不同内部流动结构的单、双层多孔层板,并针对这些层板敢式风洞上进行了流阻实验,得出了绕流柱形式、开孔率、孔间距、绕流柱高度以及单、双等敏感因素对层板流阻特性的影响：方形扰流柱阻力最小,圆形次之,菱形阻力最大;开孔率越大,孔间距越小,流阻越小;扰流柱越高,流阻越小;双层扰流柱的层板阻力明显高于单层扰流柱。     

扰流柱直径对倾斜出气孔层板内流动和换热影响的数值研究

用数值模拟的方法, 研究了倾斜出气孔层板结构最小单元体内扰流柱直径对于层板内流阻和换热的影响.采用了非结构化网格, 并对气流转角较大区域做了局部加密;选择k-ε湍流模型方程, 配以壁面函数率, 求解稳态无旋转的层板;采用了流体域与固体域耦合求解法计算耦合换热.给出了计算结果并分析了流动和换热情况.研究结果表明适当增加扰流柱直径有利于降低流阻、提高冷却效率.      

层板冷却特性的实验与数值模拟研究

在大尺寸低速回流式风洞内对一种应用于涡轮叶片的典型的层板结构进行了流阻特性和冷却特性的实验研究,获取了该层板综合冷却效果与层板两侧压比的关系,结果表明层板具有很高的冷却效果。运用商用软件Fluent6 0对其进行了流固耦合传热计算,分析了层板内部复杂的流动和换热情况,得到了在不同的进出口条件下该层板的综合冷却效果。计算结果和实验值进行了比较,两者符合较好,表明通过数值计算获取层板冷却效果的方法是可行的。     

多层多孔层板内流阻特性试验与计算方法研究

设计了 6种单层和 6种双层结构的多孔层板,并在小型吸气式风洞上对 1 2种放大模型的多孔层板结构进行了内流阻特性试验,研究了多孔层板的层数、扰流柱形状、绕流方式、开孔率等因素对内流阻特性的影响。本文还对多孔层板结构内流阻的计算方法进行了研究,并结合试验工况进行了计算。      

基于粘性非结构网格的三维增升装置N-S方程数值模拟

应用基于粘性非结构网格求解N—S方程方法数值模拟了某型飞机三维增升装置的绕流。在物面附近粘性主导作用区域内，采用三棱柱型非结构网格，在其他流场区域，采用传统四面体非结构网格的混合非结构网格生成技术。湍流模型采用Spalart—Allmaras一方程模型，运用格心格式有限体积法，对控制方程和湍流模型方程进行数值离散。用四步龙格-库塔方法作显式时间推进，采用当地时间步长、隐式残值光顺等加速收敛措施．求解某型飞机全机带增升装置构型的粘性绕流流场，其数值计算与风洞试验结果显示了良好的吻合度。     

一种结合壁面模型模拟湍流流动的间断界面浸入边界法

提出了一种具有鲁棒性的间断界面浸入边界法，用来模拟不可压湍流的物体绕流问题。开发了一种新的OpenFOAM求解器，该求解器结合了压力隐式分裂算法和k-ωSST湍流模型求解Navier-Stokes方程。为了减少对近壁面网格的要求，在实施边界条件时，采用壁面模型计算得到的壁面剪切力将速度和湍流变量修正联系起来。壁面切应力采用远离壁面的镜像点求得，镜像点上流场变量通过反距离线性插值由周围流场信息得到。使用该求解器模拟了平板绕流、NACA0012表面压强和切应力分布、Buice扩散管、圆柱绕流、方柱绕流5个湍流流动问题，本文数值模拟结果与文献结果有较好的一致性，验证了该方法模拟湍流流动的有效性和准确性。     

使用GAO-YONG湍流方程组计算翼型分离流

采用SIMPLE方法求解GAO-YONG不可压湍流方程组, 对不同来流迎角下的NACA0012翼型绕流结构进行了数值模拟, 给出了翼型绕流分离流结构随迎角的变化特征和翼型在分离绕流中的气动力参数.与实验数据以及大涡模拟结果的比较表明, GAO-YONG不可压湍流方程组能够对翼型绕流的分离点、分离涡形态、表面压力分布、升阻特性做出较好的预测, 能够模拟翼型大攻角分离流动, 计算结果优于FLU-ENT软件中的k-ε、k-ω、k-ωsst模型的计算结果.      

空腔流动特性数值模拟研究

本文采用数值方法模拟研究了空腔的长深比（L／D）对流动特性的影响。控制方程采用Navier-Stokes方程，计算方法采用有限体积法，湍流模型采用Baldwin-Lomax模型。通过分析三种典型空腔的流线图谱、压力云图、底部压力分布曲线，得到空腔流动特性与其几何参数和来流参数间的相应关系。从数值模拟的结果来看开式空腔流动的空腔内压力分布均匀，流场结构相对稳定，有利于内埋式武器安全平稳地分离。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.