螺旋槽数控立铣刀圆周刃前角的测量及计算方法

前角是影响刀具切削性能的最主要因素,尤其是螺旋槽数控立铣刀的圆周刃前角将直接影响到其切削性能.应用先进的测量技术与计算机技术,对螺旋槽数控立铣刀圆周刃前角测量方法及其实际作用角度计算方法进行研究,实现了精确的螺旋槽数控立铣刀圆周刃前角测量及其实际作用角度计算,为提高螺旋槽数控立铣刀的质量及其切削加工效率提供了重要的方法和工具.     

软橡胶辊的车削

软橡胶辊零件如图1所示。在普通车床上加工,压胶时外径余量10毫米,采用一组新刀具和新的加工方法,保证了零件的精度和光洁度,提高了工效。一、加工方法 1.粗加工分两个工步进行。首先用割缝刀在胶辊上割出一条螺距为3～4毫米的螺旋线缝,吃刀深度8毫米,转速610转/分(图2)。然后用端面插入刀,从螺旋缝底径处将     

多曲面岛屿五轴螺旋刀位轨迹规划

针对复杂拓扑关系的多曲面岛屿加工,以叶片阻尼台为研究对象,提出基于清根刀心轨迹的五轴球头刀螺旋刀位轨迹生成算法。首先建立局部坐标系,定义并确定中轴线,然后按层逐点创建投影射线,利用实体求交构造初始刀心螺旋轨迹;通过变步长迭代算法修正,使得刀心点距实体最短距离在加工精度范围内等于刀具半径。最后根据实体结构控制刀轴矢量,规划出无干涉的螺旋刀位轨迹。算例表明,本文算法统一了阻尼台加工与清根加工,避免了复杂偏置曲面片的构造,保证在加工过程中没有冗余进退刀的同时刀具不会过切叶身曲面,实现了阻尼台多曲面岛屿五轴球头刀高效精密加工。     

基于控制线的开式整体叶盘叶片四轴数控加工刀轴控制方法

针对开式整体叶盘叶片数控加工中存在的干涉及刀轴变化稳定性问题,提出了一种基于刀轴控制线的四轴刀轴矢量控制方法。阐述了基于刀轴控制线的四轴刀轴控制基本原理,通过对四轴无干涉刀轴摆动区间的计算,建立了四轴无干涉刀轴控制面;根据控制线生成准则,给出了在刀轴控制面上生成刀轴控制线的具体算法。实验验证表明,该方法不仅可解决开式整体叶盘叶片加工中的刀具干涉问题,而且有效避免了刀轴突变引起的叶片啃伤现象,明显提高了叶片表面的加工质量。     

环槽铆钉样板刀和滚轮刀的制造

关于“环槽铆钉的滚轧加工”,已在本刊一九八一年第四期上发表。现简单介绍环槽铆钉样板刀和滚轮刀的制造。一、样板刀的制造依据环槽铆钉图纸上尺寸公差要求,用数控坐标机床在聚氯乙烯薄膜上画出50倍放大投影图。然后,依据这个50倍放大投影图,在光学曲线磨床上,磨出没     

TB6钛合金抛光表面完整性试验

针对目前TB6钛合金类零件主要依靠手工抛光的技术问题,提出了羊毛毡轮数控抛光工艺,研究了抛光参数对表面粗糙度、表面硬度、表面残余应力的影响,进行了羊毛毡轮抛光参数优化,优选出了一组抛光参数:线速度v_s=19.63m/s,进给速度v_f=300mm/min,预压量a_p=0.5mm,加工行宽w=0.5mm。在此抛光参数下,羊毛毡轮抛光能够有效去除铣削刀纹,抛光后表面粗糙度R_a=0.15μm,并且抛光后表面残余应力为压应力。试验结果表明,该抛光方法能够有效地改善零件的表面完整性。     

Cimatron E在四轴零件加工中的应用

在制造业,随着加工技术的不断提高,数控三轴连动的加工方法得到了普遍应用,然而在某些行业或特殊零件的加工方面,三轴加工依然存在一些局限性.为了减少工件的装夹次数,获得连贯一致的刀具路径,以及好的表面加工质量,采用数控四轴铣削的加工方法是最好的选择之一.     

次摆线走刀在高速铣削窄槽结构中的应用

在阐述次摆线参数方程的基础上,基于CAM/HSM技术,将次摆线走刀方式应用于窄槽结构的高速铣削试验中,研究了次摆线走刀的铣削力变化规律、窄槽结构的表面粗糙度及其局部形貌,并建立了次摆线走刀高速铣削窄槽结构的铣削力模型。研究表明:次摆线走刀高速铣削窄槽结构有效可行,加工出了高质量的窄槽型腔表面(Ra=0.142μm);次摆线走刀的铣削力呈周期变化,在走刀平面内,次摆线切削宽度方向上的铣削力是进刀宽度方向上的4倍;采用次摆线走刀加环切走刀策略加工窄槽结构,既改善了窄槽的铣削加工条件,又满足了高速铣削粗精加工的要求和原则。     

等基圆锥齿轮数控铣削走刀轨迹的研究

等基圆锥齿轮是一种基于数控加工技术的新型曲齿锥齿轮，目前还没有成熟的加工经验数据，传统的试切方法成本高、效率低，本文对将计算机仿真技术应用于数控铣削进行探索，给出走刀轨迹数学模型。按照上述理论模型在实验室进行实际加工，其结果与计算机仿真加工结果相吻合，表明该理论模型正确，可用于实际数控加工，对缩短该新型齿轮开发周期、降低成本、提高效率具有重要意义。     

数控电解铣削加工机床研制

针对航空、医疗等领域内一些中小尺寸零件复杂曲面和窄深型腔的加工需求,研制了数控电解铣削加工机床,包括:设计了带X/Y/Z移动和C轴旋转的4轴联动机床结构,可实现2μm的重复定位精度;开发了具有快速短路响应及泄能模块的高频脉冲电解电源,并能够与电解机床控制系统实时通信;订制了过滤精度0.5μm,压力、温度可调可控的电解液循环过滤系统。最后以实例进行验证,采用圆柱电极以电解铣削方式在304不锈钢上加工出宽1.4mm、深8mm、R_a0.8μm,侧壁陡峭的大深宽比窄深盲槽,加工过程稳定,机床达到了预期设计目标。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.