纤维方向角对超低温冷却石英纤维复合材料铣削性能的影响

石英增强聚酰亚胺树脂基复合材料是一种非均匀的各向异性材料,其加工性能高度依赖于纤维铺层方向与加工进给方向所成角度,即纤维方向角。本文通过一系列不同纤维方向角的干切削和超低温冷却铣削实验,研究了纤维方向角对表面形貌、表面粗糙度、铣削力及刀具磨损的影响。结果表明:不同纤维方向角,剪应力形式不同,切削断屑形式也不同。纤维方向角为锐角时铣削表面质量均良好,但当纤维方向角增大到90°时,切削表面质量下降,切削力变化幅度增大。相同铣削时间内,在干切削工况下,刀具磨损严重,涂层脱落面积约为测量面积的70%;而在低温切削工况下,涂层未遭到严重破坏,刀具仍处于稳定磨损阶段,刀具耐用度优于干切削工况。     

钛合金TB6铣削表面粗糙度与表面缺陷研究

钛合金TB6铣削表面粗糙度对其使用性能具有重要影响,通过试验研究端面铣削参数、干铣削和刀具磨损对表面粗糙度及表面缺陷的影响。研究表明:表面粗糙度对每齿进给量变化最为敏感,其次是铣削宽度,再次为铣削深度,铣削速度最小;刀具磨损量(VB)对粗糙度产生明显影响,尤其VB大于0.2mm时,表面粗糙度将急剧增加,并导致划痕、孔洞缺陷;不同铣削条件下均存刀痕、侧流、隆起等缺陷;干铣削时加工表面出现熔敷物或熔滴,并增大毛刺;毛刺随切削速度的增大而变小,随刀具磨损量VB的增加而变大。钛合金TB6适宜在冷却润滑条件下低速铣削加工。     

Cr12MoV钢电火花辅助铣削实验研究

以典型难切削金属材料Cr12MoV模具钢为研究对象，使用ABAQUS对其在电火花放电条件下温度场进行数值模拟，在不同进给率下对其进行传统铣削和电火花辅助铣削对比试验。借助高速摄像机、扫描电镜和测力计等设备，对其切削力特征、表面形貌和刀具磨损进行了对比分析研究。结果表明，电火花辅助铣削的切削力比传统铣削降低28.57%~51.47%，表面粗糙度降低2/3。与传统铣削相比，电火花辅助铣削在降低切削力、提高表面质量和减少刀具磨损方面具有显著优势。     

CFRP铣削有限元模型建立及切削力仿真分析

为探索碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)铣削加工过程中切削力与工艺参数之间的映射关系,建立CFRP铣削加工有限元仿真模型并对切削力进行分析。基于ABAQUS软件通过定义材料属性、材料失效模型、纤维铺层数和纤维方向建立了CFRP铣削加工二维有限元仿真模型,并对该模型进行了实验验证。基于该模型,分析了切削力与纤维方向角、铣削速度、每齿进给量和刀具前角等工艺参数之间的映射关系。仿真结果表明:纤维方向角从0°增大到90°,切削力呈现降低趋势,而纤维方向角从90°增大到180°,切削力呈现增大趋势。随着切削速度和每齿进给量的增大,切削力随之增大,而随着刀具前角增大,切削力随之减小。     

SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料铣削加工表面质量北大核心CSCD

使用PCD立式铣刀对聚合物浸渍裂解法(PIP)制备的SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料开展单因素铣削试验,通过对加工中产生的切削力和加工后的表面粗糙度进行测量,分析了铣削工艺参数对其的影响;对加工表面、纤维断口进行SEM分析,讨论了SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料加工表面的形成。研究结果表明,表面粗糙度与切削力的变化趋势相同,高主轴转速和小切削宽度有利于得到表面粗糙度较小的加工表面;近孔洞区域与远离孔洞区域的材料去除方式不同;材料中纤维发生面内偏移和层间屈曲,纤维存在多种去除方式。     

CF/PEEK复合材料超声辅助铣削力和表面质量研究

为改善碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料（CF/PEEK）在铣削加工时所产生的毛刺、分层以及表面凹坑等缺陷，采用超声辅助铣削的加工方式分别沿0°、45°、90°、135°四种纤维方向角对CF/PEEK进行实验，并与传统铣削进行对比研究。结果表明：超声辅助铣削与传统铣削相比，切削力更小且加工质量更优。沿90°纤维方向角对试件进行超声辅助铣削，切削力、表面粗糙度和毛刺高度降幅最显著，分别降低了16.79%、28.9%和71.9%。而且在相同的加工参数下，超声辅助铣削与传统铣削相比，能够有效地改善表面凹坑、分层等表面缺陷。     

刀具磨损对TC11铣削表面粗糙度与残余应力的影响

为了研究TC11钛合金铣削加工过程中刀具磨损对加工表面质量的影响规律,设计了刀具磨损与铣削表面粗糙度、表面残余应力的试验。结果表明:TC11钛合金铣削加工过程中的刀具磨损可以分为:初期磨损、正常磨损、剧烈磨损三个阶段。当刀具处于"初期磨损"时,TC11铣削表面粗糙度随切削时间逐渐减小,铣削表面残余应力也呈减小趋势;当刀具处于"正常磨损"阶段时,铣削表面粗糙度和铣削表面残余应力都呈增加趋势,但增加的速度平稳;当刀具进入"剧烈磨损"阶段时,铣削表面粗糙度迅速增大,表面残余应力也较前两个阶段显著增加。另外,试验过程中的TC11铣削表面残余应力均表现为压应力。     

高韧性芳纶纤维铣削表面质量和铣削力

文摘芳纶纤维复合材料(AFRP)在铣削过程中会产生毛边、起毛、撕裂等缺陷,严重影响材料的装配使用。为解决上述问题对刀具结构、主轴转速、进给速度进行正交实验,从铣削力、铣削表面粗糙度以及铣削表面缺陷等方面研究铣削参数和刀具结构对芳纶纤维复合材料铣削表面质量的影响规律。实验结果表明:主轴转速和进给速度对铣削表面粗糙度和铣削力有显著影响,使用鱼鳞铣刀铣削的表面粗糙度比普通四刃立铣刀的表面粗糙度降低28%,并且毛边宽度较小,铣削表面质量最好,更适合于AFRP的铣削加工。     

表面铜网结构CFRP铣削加工性能研究

表面铜网结构碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)作为防雷击材料在飞机制造等领域广泛应用,但铜网的加入对其加工性能产生一定的影响。通过铣削表面铜网结构CFRP试验探究了不同切削参数对铣削力和切口粗糙度的影响并观察分析了刀具的磨损形式,初步得到了其铣削加工性能评价。     

三维编织碳纤维复合材料超声辅助车削可行性分析

根据三维编织碳纤维复合材料非均质性和各向异性的特点,将其车削加工表面分为四类典型表面.分别采用三种不同刀具对三维编织碳纤维复合材料进行了超声辅助车削和普通车削加工试验,分析了四类典型表面的粗糙度的变化规律,建立了三维编织碳纤维复合材料表面质量评价方案,并对超声辅助车削和普通车削加工过程中的切削力和刀具磨损进行了研究.结果表明,超声辅助车削加工三维编织碳纤维复合材料相对于普通车削,可以有效地提高工件表面质量,降低切削力,延长刀具寿命.     

铣削加工参数对SiCp/Al复合材料表面粗糙度的影响

文摘SiC_p/Al复合材料在切削加工中存在严重的表面质量问题。本文设计单因素试验,采用硬质合金涂层刀具对SiC_p/Al复合材料进行铣削加工,研究了加工参数对表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明:表面粗糙度随切削速度的增大先增大后减小,随进给量、径向切深、轴向切深的增大而增大;使用较大的切削速度、较小的进给量和不大于4 mm的径向切深能获得较好的加工表面质量。     

Investigation on surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue property of milling in-situ TiB2/7050Al metal matrix composites

For higher efficiency and precision manufacturing, more and more attentions are focused on the surface roughness and residual stress of machined parts to obtain a good fatigue life. At present, the in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites are widely researched due to its attractive properties such as low density, good wear resistance and improved strength. It is of great significance to investigate the machined surface roughness, residual stress and fatigue life for higher efficiency and precision manufacturing of this new kind material. In this study, the surface roughness including two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness, residual stress and fatigue life of milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites were analyzed. It was found from comparative investigation that the three-dimensional surface roughness would be more appropriate to represent the machined surface profile of milling particle reinforced metal matrix composites. The cutting temperature played a great role on the residual stress. However, the effect of increasing cutting force could slow down the transformation from compressive stress to tensile stress under 270 °C. An exponential relationship between three-dimensional roughness and fatigue life was established and the main fracture mechanism was brittle fracture with observation of obvious shellfish veins, river pattern veins and wave shaped veins in fracture surface.     

Effects of in-situ TiB2 particles on machinability and surface integrity in milling of TiB2/2024 and TiB2/7075 Al composites

In-situ ceramics particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites are favored in the aerospace industry due to excellent properties. However, the hard ceramic particles as the reinforcement phase bring challenges to machining. To study the effect of in-situ TiB₂ particles on machinability and surface integrity of TiB₂/2024 composite and TiB₂/7075 composite, milling experiments were performed, and compared with conventional 2024 and 7075 aluminum alloys. In-situ TiB₂ particles clustered at the grain boundaries and dispersed inside the matrix alloy grains hinder the dislocation movement of the matrix alloy. Therefore, the milling force and temperature of the composites are higher than those of the aluminum alloys due to the increase of the strength and the decrease of the plasticity. In the milling of composites, abrasive wear is the main wear form of carbide tools, due to the scratching of hard nano-TiB₂ particles. The composites containing in-situ TiB₂ particles have machining defects such as smearing, micro-scratches, micro-pits and tail on the machined surface. However, in-situ TiB₂ particles impede the plastic deformation of the composites, which greatly reduces cutting edge marks on the machined surface. Therefore, under the same milling parameters, the surface roughness of TiB₂/2024 composite and TiB₂/7075 composite is much less than that of 2024 and 7075 aluminum alloy respectively. Under the milling conditions of this experiment, the machined subsurface has no metamorphic layer, and the microhardness of the machined surface is almost the same as that of the material. Besides, compared with 2024 and 7075 aluminum alloy, machined surfaces of TiB₂/2024 composite and TiB₂/7075 composite both show tensile residual stress or low magnitude of compressive residual stress.     

Analytical model of cutting force in axial ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling in-situ TiB2/7050Al PRMMCs

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling has been widely applied in machining the difficult-to-cut materials owing to the remarkable improvements in reducing the cutting force. However, analytical models to reveal the mechanism and predict the cutting force of ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling metal matrix composites are still needed to be developed. In this paper, an analytical model of cutting force was established for ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites. During modeling, change of motion of the cutting tool, contact of tool-chip-workpiece and acceleration of the chip caused by ultrasonic vibration was considered based on equivalent oblique cutting model. Meanwhile, material properties, tool geometry, cutting parameters and vibration parameters were taken into consideration. Furthermore, the developed analytical force model was validated with and without ultrasonic vibration milling experiments on in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites. The predicted cutting forces show to be consistent well with the measured cutting forces. Besides, the relative error of instantaneous maximum forces between the predicted and measured data is from 0.4% to 15.1%. The analytical model is significant for cutting force prediction not only in ultrasonic-vibration assisted milling but also in conventional milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites, which was proved with general applicability.     

Effects of fiber orientation on tool wear evolution and wear mechanism when cutting carbon fiber reinforced plastics

The aim of the present paper is to reveal the influence of different fiber orientations on the tool wear evolution and wear mechanism. Side-milling experiments with large-diameter milling tools are conducted. A finite element (FE) cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is established to get insight into the cutting stress status at different wear stages. The results show that different fiber orientations bring about distinct differences in the extent, profile and mechanism of tool wear. Severer wear occurs when cutting 45° and 90° plies, followed by 0°, correspondingly, the least wear is obtained when θ = 135° (θ represents the orientation of fibers). Moreover, the worn profiles of cutting tools when θ = 0° and 45° are waterfall edge, while round edge occurs when θ = 135° and a combined shape of waterfall and round edge is obtained when θ = 90°. The wear mechanisms under different fiber orientations are strongly dependent on the cutting stress distributions. The evolution of tool wear profile is basically consistent with the stress distribution on the tool surface at different wear stages, and the extent of tool wear is determined by the magnitude of stress on the tool surface. Besides, the worn edges produce an actual negative clearance angle, which decreases the actual cutting thickness and leads to compressing and bending failure of fibers beneath the cutting region as well as low surface qualities.     

Cutting force model and damage formation mechanism in milling of 70wt% Si/Al composite

High-mass fraction silicon aluminium composite(Si/Al composite) has unique properties of high specific strength, low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent wear resistance and weldability. It has attracted many applications in terms of radar communication, aerospace and automobile industry. However, rapid tool wear resulted from high cutting force and hard abrasion, and damaged machined surfaces are the main problem in machining Si/Al composite. This work aims to reveal the mechanisms of milli...     

铣削加工透波性Si3N4陶瓷表面质量研究

为了探索透波性Si3N4陶瓷铣削中加工表面创成机理及加工工艺参数对其影响规律,对加工表面形貌和边缘破损特征,以及加工参数与切削力、表面粗糙度、边缘破损的映射关系等开展了试验研究。首先对加工表面形貌进行了分析,由于存在陶瓷粉末去除和破碎性颗粒去除两种形式,造成加工表面形貌结构一种体现为变化平缓,而另一种包含微裂纹、层状结构体等,且存在凹坑、沟槽等缺陷。其次研究了边缘破损形式及产生机理,当刀具运动到出口棱边处,刀尖应力集中处将产生微裂纹,并向工件侧面扩展,从而在加工表面和加工侧面诱导形成边缘破损。最后基于均匀设计试验,分析了工艺条件对加工性能的影响。结果表明:随着切削深度从0. 2增加到0. 5 mm和切削宽度从1增加到4 mm时,x轴切削力呈耦合增长,y轴切削力呈二次方增长;当切削深度和切削宽度分别为0. 2 mm和1 mm、进给速度为500 mm/min时,加工表面粗糙度值最小;转速为2 000 r/min、切削深度和切削宽度最小时,边缘破损幅值最小。此结果可为提高透波性Si3N4陶瓷铣削加工质量提供技术支撑。