碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究

采用加压浸渗法成功制备了SiC_p/Al(纯)复合材料,探讨了加压浸渗工艺并测定了复合材料的力学性能。试验结果表明,向SiC颗粒内加入适量添加剂后制成的预制件,更有利于铝液的渗透,从而能有效地提高复合材料的强度。试验结果还表明,在本试验范围内(SiC颗粒体积分数30％～50％,颗粒粒径0.1～5μm),复合材料的强度随SiC百分含量的增加而增加,随SiC颗粒粒径的减小而呈上升趋势。     

碳纤维编织物中真空浸渍引入SiC微粉的工艺研究

采用真空浸渍法在碳纤维编织物中预先引入SiC微粉,以缩短先驱体浸渍裂解制备碳纤维三维编织物(3D BCf)增强SiC陶瓷基复合材料的制备周期,考察了微粉粒度、浆料SiC/无水乙醇(EtOH)质量比等参数对引入SiC微粉体积分数的影响。结果表明,当SiC微粉粒度为 0. 4μm,浆料SiC/EtOH质量比为 1∶1和 1∶2时真空浸渍效果较佳,在碳纤维编织物中引入SiC微粉的体积分数可达 10%左右,缩短了先驱体浸渍裂解制备Cf/SiC复合材料的致密化周期,在相同浸渍裂解周期下,可提高材料的力学性能。     

液相法制造C/Al复合材料

 采用液相浸渗法制造C/Al复合材料,研究了液相浸渗工艺参数对复合材料浸渗过程和组织性能的影响。液相浸渗压力是浸渗工艺的保证,纤维预热温度是关键。实验取得C(SiC)/Al复合材料液相浸渗最优工艺条件,所获得的复合材料抗拉强度高达908MPa.     

SiC陶瓷与钛合金（Ag-Cu-Ti）-SiCp复合钎焊接头组织结构研究

用合金化的Ag-Cu-Ti粉及SiC粉组成的混合粉末钎料,真空无压钎焊SiC陶瓷和Ti合金.研究结果表明,在Ag-Cu-Ti粉末钎料中加入15vol%～30vol%SiC粉末能明显降低接头热应力,获得完整的SiC颗粒增强的复合接头.加入的SiC颗粒、SiC陶瓷母材均与连接层中的Ti起反应,形成表面反应层Ti3SiC2及分布于Ag-Cu-Ti合金中的Ti-Si化合物,随SiC颗粒增加,反应层变薄.连接层中的Cu元素与连接的Ti合金相互扩散,形成Cu-Ti相界面扩散带.     

无压浸渗法制备SiCp / Al 电子封装基板及其性能

采用无压浸渗法制备出电子封装用高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料基板,研究了主要合金元素对浸渗过程的影响和SiC体积分数对复合材料热物理性能的影响.结果表明:合金中Mg元素能促进界面润湿,Si元素能减小有害界面反应的发生;随着SiC体积分数的增加,复合材料的热导率和线胀系数都呈下降趋势,当SiC体积分数为65%左右,热导率下降幅度减缓;当SiC体积分数为68%左右时,线胀系数显著降低.     

固相含量对Al2O3料浆及瓷体性能的影响

研究了固相浓度对用于凝胶注成型的Al2O3料浆的粘度和流动性能的影响,并分析了由不同浓度的料浆制得的瓷体结构和性能与料浆浓度的关系.结果表明,控制合适的体浓度对于获得适合浇注的高性能料浆是必要的.同时由于料浆浓度会影响球磨效率和坯体密度,因此会对最终瓷体的质量有较大影响.在本文的实验条件下,料浆中固相的最佳含量为50vol%.     

中性水基氧化铝陶瓷料浆的流变学研究

采用流变学的方法在RV 2 0型流变仪上研究了不同条件对中性氧化铝悬浮体流变性的影响。重点研究了固含量、分散剂加入量、球磨工艺对料浆流变性的影响。研究表明 :随临界固含量的降低 ,“剪切增厚”的临界剪切速率呈明显的升高趋势 ,从固含量为 5 6vol%时的 82s-1增加到固含量为 5 0vol%时的 192s-1;分散剂的加入量对料浆的临界剪切速率具有显著的影响 ,当固含量为 5 6vol%时 ,分散剂合适的量为 1 0wt% ;随着球磨时间的延长 ,料浆的“剪切增厚”临界剪切速率增大 ,而且逐渐不再有“剪切变稀”阶段。     

SiB4 微粉在化学气相渗透SiC 过程中的变化

采用SEM、EDS、XRD分析了SiB4微粉化学气相渗透(CVI)SiC后的组成和结构,并用热力学计算研究了SiB4微粉在CVI SiC过程中变化的原因。结果表明:在CVI SiC过程中SiB4微粉不发生分解,但在近表层处氧化生成SiO2和B2O3。用SiB4浆料浸渍结合CVI工艺对C/SiC基体进行自愈合改性时,难以形成均匀致密的基体。     

SiC作为纳米SiO2多孔绝热材料红外遮光剂的试验研究

中高温环境下纳米SiO2多孔绝热材料对红外热辐射近于透明,而导致其绝热性能变差.针对这一问题,将SiC微粉作为红外遮光剂引入绝热材料中,测定了不同粒度和掺加量试样的有效消光系数.结果发现,在波长为2.5～7.0μm红外辐射波段,SiC微粉的引入能使材料有效消光系数大幅提高.无遮光剂试样的有效消光系数为1.9～12.6 m2/kg,而加入质量分数25%中位粒径3.029μm的SiC微粉(SiC03)后,试样有效消光系数达到52.7～58.8 m2/kg.背温试验结果证明了纳米SiO2多孔绝热材料中引入SiC后,其隔热性能得到明显改善.     

等离子喷涂隔热涂层

氧化、热腐蚀和热疲劳是航空发动机的燃烧室与涡轮部件失效的主要原因。为了延长部件的使用寿命,通常采用涂层的方法来提高材料的高温性能。涂层用于高温合金已有三十多年的历史,开始主要为扩散型涂层(例如包渗法、真空包渗法、料浆包渗法以及镀铬随后热浸涂所制备的涂层),近年来,随着等离子喷涂、爆炸喷涂及蒸镀薄膜技术的发展,高温涂层的制备方法,已由扩散法向覆盖法转移。使涂层的高温特性不断提高,从而使涡轮的进口温度     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.