音频信号矢量编码算法

为了在保证译码恢复的声音质量良好的前提下,减小编码的压缩率,以减小声音信号的存储空间,提出了一种将线性预测编码、SOM神经网络矢量编码以及Huffman编码相结合的声音信号编码算法,将1列声音信号转换为2列信号,这样就可以进行后续的矢量编码。实现了预测编码和矢量编码的结合。利用Matlab软件编程进行了声音信号编解码实验。实验结果表明,在保证声音质量的前提下,该编码方法的码率小于MEPG-1 Layer3的最低的64kbps标准码率,且算法简单。文章提出的编码算法在音频压缩编码方面将具有较高的研究价值和很好的应用前景。     

音频信号联合编码算法码书长度研究

为进一步减小音频信号的码率,针对基于线性预测编码、SOM神经网络矢量编码以及Huffman编码相结合的声音信号联合编码(以下简称联合编码),提出了通过合理选择码书长度值进一步减小声音信号码率的算法。利用Matlab软件编程进行了不同码书长度值的声音信号编解码实验。实验结果表明,在保证声音质量的前提下,通过合理选择码书长度值,可以使声音信号的码率远低于MEPG-1 Layer3的最低64kb/s标准码率,达到11.025kb/s的码率值。文章提出的编码算法可为音频压缩编码的进一步研究提供参考。     

基于周期Wigner-Hough变换多相编码连续波雷达信号检测算法

为提高雷达侦察截获接收机对多相编码连续波弱信号截获能力,提出了一种基于周期Wigner-Hough变换（Periodic Wigner-Hough Transform,PWHT）的多相编码连续波信号检测算法。研究了线性调频连续波信号的PWHT及性质;分析了多相编码连续波信号时频主脊线的类似线性调频连续波特征;推导了高斯白噪声在PWHT域的统计分布特征,根据多相编码连续波信号与线性调频连续波的相似性,提出了基于PWHT的多相编码连续波信号检测算法,给出了实现流程,并计算出其检测性能和参数估计性能仿真的仿真结果。仿真结果表明：该算法较已有的其他多相编码信号检测算法有更好的弱信号检测能力,最小可检测信噪比至少可以降低3dB,并随着观测时间延长而进一步降低;其参数估计精度具有渐进最优的性质。     

音频信号联合编码的通用码书研究

为了减小音频信号编码算法的运算量,提出了在线性预测编码、SOM神经网络矢量编码以及Huffman编码相结合的声音信号联合编码算法(以下简称联合编码)的基础上,将算法中原有的专用码书改为通用码书的算法。利用Matlab软件编程进行了专用码书和通用码书条件下的声音信号编解码实验。实验结果表明,在码率相等的条件下,使用通用码书和专用码书的联合编码方法可以得到相近的译码声音质量。使用通用码书的联合编码的最低码率在音频编码格式Opus码率的范围内,且接近Opus码率的下限,而且算法较Opus编码简单,因而实时性较好。文章提出的编码算法可为音频压缩编码的进一步研究提供参考。     

一种编码电路的设计

介绍一种角位置编码电路的设计原理。其特点是:利用精反馈信号的上升沿和下降沿参与编码过程并利用软件进行相关处理和误差补偿。     

Costas编码信号的循环谱特征分析与参数估计

研究了准确反映Costas编码信号特点的关键参数集合。基于循环谱相关密度估计方法,分析了Costas编码的循环谱特征及其与辐射源侍号参数的对应关系,提出了一种没有先验知识条件下Costas编码截获信号特征提取方法。通过对典型的Costas编码信号参数提取归一化均方根误差的计算,验证了该算法的有效性。     

小波变换在雷达信号处理中的应用

以二相编码脉内调制雷达信号作为研究对象,采用Morlet小波,通过连续小波变换并提取信号的小波脊线,进而分析雷达信号脉内相位的编码规律.通过计算机模拟仿真,取得了较好的效果,验证了该方法的可行性.     

冗余PN序列网格编码码分多址通信

本文介绍近年来新兴的一种编码调制技术——网格编码调制(TCM),从理论上探讨了网格编码调制在码分多址(CDMA)通信系统中的应用,提出在网格编码调制码分多址通信系统中利用PN序列作为冗余措施的新思想,并对网格编码调制码分多址通信系统中双正交信号集的生成方法进行了研究。     

一种新的路面不平度模拟方法的研究

讨论了一种关于路面不平度模拟信号生成的新方法。根据路面不平度的统计特性，构造出一个下三角滤波器，再由实测信号的统计特征来确定滤波器的值，并利用正态白噪声通过该滤波器来得到所需的信号。实验表明该信号较真实地反映了路面的统计特征，在实际应用中能取得较好的模拟效果。     

间歇采样转发干扰对相位编码雷达的影响分析

文章分析了间歇采样转发干扰对相位编码脉冲压缩雷达的影响。首先,推导得到了相位编码信号通过匹配滤波器的输出响应。在此基础上,推导了间歇采样转发干扰的匹配输出,研究表明,输出响应为信号编码与间歇采样编码互相关序列的线性插值函数,且只能产生一个假目标。然后,研究了旁瓣抑制网络对间歇采样转发干扰信号的影响,结果表明,旁瓣抑制网络可以有效抑制回波信号的旁瓣,但无法抑制干扰信号的旁瓣。相比输入前数值,干扰旁瓣峰值和位置均发生变化。最后,通过编程计算和仿真实验验证了本文分析的正确性。该研究为雷达对抗干扰评估试验提供重要的理论支撑。     

Filtering of discontinuous processes arising in marine integratednavigation systems

A refined stochastic model for the errors of the Loran-C radio navigation aid is described, and it is shown how this model can be used to improve the performance of integrated navigation systems. In addition to the usual propagation errors, Loran-C time of arrival measurements are occasionally plagued with sudden intermittent errors of a particular magnitude and caused by receiver cycle selection errors. These result in sudden large jumps in the calculated position solution. The Loran-C error has been modeled as the sum of a diffusion process, representing the normal propagating errors, and a pure jump process of Poisson type, representing the cycle selection errors. A simple integrated navigation system is then described, based on the Loran-C model and the standard dead reckoning (heading and speed) system model. Assuming that the observed process is governed by a linear stochastic difference equation, a recursive linear unbiased minimum variance filter is developed, from which the Loran-C and dead reckoning errors, and hence position and velocity, can be estimated     

An Automatic Timing Receiver System Based on the Loran-C Navigational Network

This paper describes some new concepts in dealing with the circuitry for Loran-C automatic timing systems. The conventional analog techniques associated with phase-adjusting networks have been replaced by an incremental digital phase-shifting device. The Loran-C period generator includes facilities for delay compensation by means of an epoch monitor producing a 1-Hz output coincident with the master station TOC (time of coincidence). The required initial time information has to be accurate within ± 20 ms. The automatic format identification and decoding equipment together form a system which takes into account the information of every Loran-C pulse. Owing to the use of digital signal treatment, the synchronization accuracy is limited only by the resolution of the incremental phase shift. The automatic cycle selection device is based on sampling techniques where the derivative of the envelope is calculated. The time of coincidence has to be precalculated and fed into the thumbwheel memory of the epoch monitor, which is automatically initiated when the synchronizing operations are concluded. For VLBI purposes and transcontinental use, the accuracy of this system will be better than 1 ?s when post corrections, supplied by the U.S. Naval Observatory, are taken into account.     

An intelligentized and fast calibration method of SINS on moving base for planed missiles

In order to minish the error of inertial sensors, the technology of neural networks is attempted to on-line calibration of a slave inertial navigation system mounted on planed missiles. Based on the time-varied specialty of slave inertial navigation system on a moving base, an input–output sample structure method is proposed, and to automatically calibrate and revise the error of inertial sensors of inertial navigation system. When a missile is appended under the wing and in free-flight, in order to solve the inconsistent problem of measurement's character of the inertial sensors, the error angles between the master inertial navigation system and the slave inertial navigation system are estimated in advance, then, the input samples of a neural network can correctly simulate the free-flight state. Furthermore, in order to make a learning algorithm of neural networks can satisfy real-time calibrating on a moving base, the traditional Newton algorithm is improved by using first differential coefficient to replace the approximate matrix of second differential coefficients. As a result, the training speed and precision of neural network are enhanced. The simulation results indicate that the method and algorithm are feasible.     

甲板变形测量技术研究

当舰上的主导航系统与载机子惯导之间进行传递对准时,船体的变形会引起对准误差。想消除船体变形的影响从理论上讲,挠曲变形可以通过卡尔曼滤波进行估计,但在实际上很难建立足够精确的模型。通过船体变形的测量与校正技术,在大型载舰存在复杂动态变化的情况下,可采用分布式姿态基准,在载舰上的不同部位安装有限套惯性测量单元（IMU）,与舰上主导航系统构建成一个惯导网络,为载机子惯导的传递对准提供更丰富、更准确的载舰状态信息,从而大大提高传递对准的精度的研究。     

一种基于动态挠曲误差估计的“速度+姿态”传递对准方法

为了保证传递对准信息的可靠性及准确性,航姿基准一般安装在舰载武器的附近,离舰艇主基准距离较远,舰艇的挠曲变形对主基准、航姿基准之间的传递对准影响不可忽略。通过将动态挠曲变形模型的相关变量引入到传递对准状态方程中,从而降低动态挠曲变形对传递对准精度的影响。仿真结果表明,该方法有效降低了动态挠曲变形对传递对准精度的影响,满足传递对准的高精度和快速性要求。     

北斗／罗兰-C组合定位技术

“北斗一号”是我国的卫星导航系统,其有源定位模式使其很难得到广泛应用。为此,提出了一种北斗／罗兰-C组合定位方案以实现无源定位。该方案利用“北斗一号”两颗卫星和地面罗兰-C台站获得的距离差信息实现双曲线相交定位。仿真结果表明,该方案的精度可以满足一般定位要求,具有较强的实用性。     

一种带辅助微源的新型主从协调控制策略

微电网的协调控制方法是微电网最为关键的技术之一,主从控制方法是微电网协调控制中的常用方法。针对传统的主从控制存在的问题,提出了一种带辅助微源的新型主从控制策略。在传统主从控制基础上,增设一个采用下垂控制的辅助控制单元,此辅助单元可与主控单元一起共同支撑微电网的电压与频率稳定,且当主控单元出现故障时可替补充当新的主控单元,克服了传统主从控制采用单一主控单元发生故障时微电网崩溃的危险,从而增强了主从控制方式的稳定性。MATLAB/Simulink软件仿真验证了所提控制策略的有效性和可行性。     

喷管内流场并行计算方法研究

建立了基于区域分解的并行计算方法,将已有的后台阶喷管内流场三维ＴＶＤＭａｃ－Ｃｏｒｍａｃｋ显式格式的串行计算程序改造成为并行程序,获得了较高的并行加速比。并行计算结果同串行结果进行了对比,证明计算是成功的。     

Sets of One and Higher Dimensional Welti Codes and Complementary Codes

A Welti code is a binary sequence with an impulse-like autocorrelation function. A set of such codes may possess vanishing cross-correlation functions. The elements of Welti codes must be members of a set of at least two orthogonal vectors or subcodes. First, methods for synthesizing sets of one-dimensional Welti codes with vanishing cross-correlation functions, and conditions upon their existence are discussed. Then, construction methods of sets of two and higher dimensional Welti codes are presented. Based on these constructions, further sets of mutually orthogonal complementary codes in one or more dimensions can be derived. The use of such signals relates to various topics such as communication, radar and navigation systems, measuring and identification in one or higher dimensional systems, synchronization and spatial alignment, or coded aperture imaging.     

Analysis of GPS and Loran-C performance for land vehicle navigationin the Canadian Rockies

Loran-C and GPS were assessed for vehicular navigation along selected roads of British Columbia during the winter of 1991. The general topography of this mountainous area is described, together with the specific topographic features and tree coverage characteristics of the 2000 km of roads tested on the mainland and on Vancouver Island. The configuration and characteristics of the Loran C Canadian West Coast chain along the roads used are described. The portable vehicle-mounted system used to collect and analyze the Loran-C and GPS signals along road profiles is described. The performance of Loran-C is analyzed in terms of signal to noise ratios (SNR), field strength, and time-difference distortions, as measured by differential GPS. These distortions, which can reach several hundred meters over distances of less than 20 km, are analyzed in terms of topographic features. The possibility of using these time-independent distortions to calibrate Loran-C for use along the above roads is discussed. Masking of GPS signals due to topographic features and tree coverage along the roads is analyzed. A comparative analysis of both Loran-C and GPS is presented in terms of signal availability and accuracy