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为了研究恰当比预混氢气-空气斜爆轰流场的波系结构和流动特征,基于带化学反应的Navier-Stokes方程,对弹头及楔穿越预混气体时诱导的斜爆轰进行了数值模拟。对流项的离散采用Steger-Warming格式,时间项采用二阶Runge-kutta方法。结果表明,对于弹头:(1)在亚爆轰条件下,能够模拟氢气-空气预混诱导爆轰流场的精细结构;(2)在超爆轰条件下,通过精细调整网格,能够很好地分辨强烈耦合的激波和燃烧波,且与Lehr实验吻合良好。对于楔结构:捕获到了清晰的三波点及其复杂精细的斜爆轰流场结构,预测的诱导燃烧距离、激波角和斜爆轰角与实验吻合良好;通过对流场波系结构变化过程的研究,获得了流场三波点随时间的演化过程。 相似文献
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后掠压缩面进气道激波特性数值研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对后掠楔面及双斜切双压缩进气道进口流场数值模拟及与理论计算值对比的研究,阐述了双斜切双压缩进气道的进口流场特性,指出了设计上应遵循的准则。计算表明:后掠楔面产生的激波在楔两端面的强弱是不同的,波后气流偏角也不一样。对于双斜切双压缩进气道,进口面的流动可分成外上侧、内下侧及中间三个区域,其中外上侧区域受上压缩面的控制,内下侧区域受内压缩面的控制,中间为过渡带。外侧壁前缘后掠角及壁面内倾角由上压缩面的波后参数决定。而下侧壁前缘后掠角及壁面内倾角则由内压缩面的波后参数决定。 相似文献
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尖劈诱导的斜爆轰波的精细结构及其影响因素 总被引:7,自引:7,他引:0
为了揭示斜爆轰的精细结构及其影响因素,基于带化学反应的Euler方程,利用五阶WENO格式,对尖劈诱导的斜爆轰进行了数值模拟。结果表明,在劈面的压缩下,斜爆轰波阵面被分为三种结构,依次是类ZND结构、单三波点阵面结构和双三波点阵面结构。同时,根据三波点的轨迹绘制了胞格结构,其中单三波点的轨迹为平行直线,而双三波点的轨迹为倾斜的蜂窝状结构。讨论了来流马赫数和尖劈角度对劈面压缩性的影响,随着马赫数和劈角的增加,尖劈的压缩更厉害,爆轰波阵面也就越光滑。 相似文献
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为实现低马赫数条件下斜爆震波的快速起爆,以及提高斜爆震波对来流扰动的抗干扰能力,提出了通过在诱导区内设置一个小鼓包来控制斜爆震波起爆的方案,并通过数值求解二维多组分欧拉方程研究了楔面和鼓包诱导的斜爆震波。结果表明:通过在诱导区内设置鼓包可实现斜爆震波的提前起爆;且在较宽马赫数范围内,其起爆位置相对固定。鼓包诱导的斜爆震波主要有强耦合和弱耦合两种起爆形式,起爆形式与鼓包和斜激波的相对位置有关。此外,来流扰动会使楔面诱导的斜爆震波剧烈振荡,不利于斜爆震发动机的稳定工作;鼓包的存在对来流扰动所引发的斜爆震波振荡具有一定的抑制作用。 相似文献
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为探究燃烧室内可能存在的膨胀波对斜爆震稳定燃烧的影响,基于块结构自适应网格加密的AMROC程序,求解多组分可压缩化学反应流Euler方程,研究了膨胀波对斜劈诱导斜爆震流场的影响。发现无限长斜劈模型中,斜爆震波面角度是缓慢增加的,膨胀波影响下,斜爆震波面角度明显下降。从爆震波面角度变化中可以明显看出膨胀波的影响范围和爆震波的衰减程度。来流的低静压不会改变膨胀波影响范围,但容易导致爆震波衰减直至发生解耦,因此高马赫数低静压来流条件下斜爆震燃烧的稳定性和燃烧效率需要着重考虑。此外,使用普朗特-梅耶膨胀波基本原理对膨胀区进行分析,发现爆燃区流场参数与理论值吻合较好,且壁面附近前马赫线角度与近似膨胀波前沿较为接近;基于此,发展了一种定性评估斜劈末端膨胀波影响范围的手段,在膨胀波前马赫线角度基础上适当增加4°~10°,可以近似得到膨胀波的前沿位置。 相似文献
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为研究斜劈诱导斜爆轰波的波阵面弯曲效应,以期为斜爆轰的不稳定性及其演化规律提供新的见解,基于加权本质无振荡(WENO)格式空间离散和附加Runge-Kutta方法时间离散的求解器,针对不同的化学反应参数(释热量、放热速率和化学反应区参考长度)条件,开展斜爆轰波的数值计算研究。结果表明斜爆轰波沿波阵面的波角变化可分为3个区域:区域I,波角平滑减小;区域II,波角跃升后衰减;区域III,波角有规律振荡。波阵面法向速度-曲率关系在区域I呈现准垂直直线变化趋势,并伴随着爆轰波强度的不断衰减;在区域III则呈现出"D"形曲线,即由极曲线段、光滑水平变化段和拟线性变化段组成,为类胞格结构的周期性演变;区域II可认为是以上两个区域特征的耦合。不同的化学反应参数对斜爆轰波波阵面的弯曲效应影响存在较大差别。 相似文献
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非预混条件下的旋转爆轰燃烧室双波头演化过程数值模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对旋转爆轰燃烧室双波头演化过程中流场结构变化的问题,对非预混条件下的旋转爆轰燃烧室从起爆到形成稳定的双波头过程进行了数值模拟研究。研究结果表明,从起爆到形成稳定爆轰过程,燃烧室主要经历了起爆、爆轰波对撞和稳定爆轰三个阶段;在爆轰波对撞阶段,首次对撞是两个爆轰波间的对撞,由于对撞点处缺少新鲜混合气,从而在对撞结束后衰减为两个压力波。第二次对撞是两个压力波间的对撞,因为在第二次对撞点附近存在新鲜混合气来支撑爆轰波的持续传播,故对撞结束后产生了一个爆轰波和一个较弱的压力波;第二次对撞发生后,燃烧室内的压力波反射叠加并形成局部高压区,此高压区压缩气体使气体温度升高,高温气体引燃混合气后,最终发展成为第二个爆轰波;稳定阶段,两个爆轰波均能稳定自持传播,爆轰波峰面压力可达1.45MPa,波后温度为2500K,爆轰波速度稳定在1738m/s,产生的推力与比冲分别为79.76N和2312.15s;斜激波的存在使燃烧室出口平面流场产生了较大波动。 相似文献
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为研究锥角对超声速弹丸诱导爆轰波形态的影响,发展了耦合有限速率化学反应模型的最小二乘显式无网格算法,其流体动力学采用含化学反应源项的多组分Euler方程建模,对流项和时间项分别采用多组分HLLC(Harten-Lax-van Leer-Contact)格式和四阶Runge-Kutta法计算。对尖劈诱导斜爆轰以及激波诱导燃烧流场进行了模拟,验证了算法的有效性。最后对等当量比甲烷/空气预混气体中,不同锥角弹丸诱导爆轰波流场进行了模拟,云图同实验阴影照片吻合较好,结果表明当锥角处于70°~100°时,易形成驻定斜爆轰波;锥角较小不利于可燃混合气体的点燃,仅能形成驻定斜激波;过大的锥角将导致爆轰波的脱体。 相似文献
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采用带有化学反应的Euler方程,对突跃型与平滑型2种形态的斜爆震波(ODW)在起爆机制和结构特点等方面的差异进行了研究.结果表明:斜激波(OSW)后是否存在亚声速区是判定斜爆震形态的依据.当波后火焰抬升斜激波面使得亚声速区存在时,横向激波与三波点结构就会出现并形成突跃型斜爆震.当波后所有区域皆为超声速区时,波后火焰燃烧无法影响到上游激波面,则会形成平滑型斜爆震.通过斜激波关系式给出了横向激波形成所需的临界斜激波角度,只有当斜激波角度大于此临界角度时才能形成突跃型斜爆震波,反之则形成平滑型斜爆震波. 相似文献
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Pressure-gain combustion has gained attention for airbreathing ramjet engine applications owing to its better thermodynamic efficiency and fuel consumption rate. In contrast with traditional detonation induced by a single wedge, the present study considers oblique shock interactions attached to double wedges in a hypersonic combustible flow. The temperature/pressure increases sharply across the interaction zone that initiates an exothermic reaction, finally resulting in an Oblique Detonation Wav... 相似文献
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MHD Flow Control of Oblique Shock Waves Around Ramps in Low-temperature Supersonic Flows 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article is devoted to experimental study on the control of the oblique shock wave around the ramp in a low-temperature supersonic flow by means of the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) flow control technique. The purpose of the experiments is to take advantage of MHD interaction to weaken the oblique shock wave strength by changing the boundary flow characteristics around the ramp. Plasma columns are generated by pulsed direct current(DC) discharge, the magnetic fields are generated by Nd-Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnets and the oblique shock waves in supersonic flow are generated by the ramp. The Lorentz body force effect of MHD interaction on the plasma-induced airflow velocity is verified through particle image velocimetry(PIV) measurements. The experimental results from the supersonic wind tunnel indicate that the MHD flow control can drastically change the flow characteristics of the airflow around the ramp and decrease the ratio of the Pitot pressure after shock wave to that before it by up to 19. 66%, which leads to the decline in oblique shock wave strength. The oblique shock waves in front of the ramp move upstream by the action of the Lorentz body force. The discharge characteristics are analyzed and the MHD interaction time and consumed energy are determined with the help of the pulsed DC discharge images. The interaction parameter corresponding to the boundary layer velocity can reach 1. 3 from the momentum conservation equation. The velocity of the plasma column in the magnetic field is much faster than that in the absence of magnetic field force. The plasma can strike the neutral gas molecules to transfer momentum and accelerate the flow around the ramp. 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2020,33(3):861-869
The hot jet injection is utilized to actively control the oblique detonation wave, such as initiating and stabilizing an oblique detonation wave at a desired position that is shorter than the length of induction zone, and adjust the height of the oblique detonation wave at the exit of combustor when the oblique detonation wave engine is working on off-design flight conditions. The fifth order Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) scheme and a two-step reversible reaction mechanism of the stoichiometric H2/Air are adopted in the simulations. With the help of hot jet injection, the transition from inert oblique shock wave to the oblique detonation wave immediately occurs near the position of hot jet injection, and consequently the length of combustor can be reduced. The angle of oblique detonation wave also decreases as the hot jet injection approaches the nose of wedge. Additionally, the height of the oblique detonation wave at the exit of combustor can be flexibly adjusted, and also depends on the injection position and the strength of the hot jet. If the velocity of the hot jet is too weak to directly trigger the overall oblique detonation wave at the position of injection, increasing the injection pressure will improve the strength of the hot jet and results in a successful transition. 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2021,34(5):496-503
Standing of an Oblique Detonation Wave (ODW) on a wedge within combustor is the prerequisite of thrust generation for ODW engine which is regarded as a novel and conceptual propulsion device with hypersonic flight Mach number. Usually a standing window of ODW is defined as the wedge angle ranged from the ODW detached angle from wedge (upper limit) to the angle that a Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) detonation occurs (lower limit). For pathological detonation cases, however, the CJ detonation cannot be achieved, and thus the lower limit of the standing window of ODW should be revisited. In present study, two types of reactions in hypersonic incoming flow that include the behavior of pathological detonation, that is, the single-step irreversible reaction with mole variation and the two-step irreversible reactions with exothermic process followed by endothermic process, have been used for studying standing behavior of ODW. The steady detonation polar analysis of ODW is carried out for both reaction systems. The results reveal that the reaction with more mole decrement and the reactions with stronger endothermic process show the pathological detonation feature and therefore modify the lower limit of standing window of ODW. Three equivalent parameters are proposed to quantitatively measure the standing window range of ODW from points of view of thermodynamics, Mach number of incoming flow and heat effect of reactions. It is found that the standing window of ODW is determined by the specific heat ratio, the overdrive degree of detonation and the endothermic level of the hypersonic incoming flow, regardless of whether the detonation is pathological or not. 相似文献